本文選題：人壽保險 + 產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)��； 參考：《西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：自1996年產(chǎn)壽險分業(yè)經(jīng)營以來,壽險業(yè)經(jīng)歷了從無到有、從萌芽到成熟的本質(zhì)性變革。壽險業(yè)的發(fā)展主要體現(xiàn)在兩個方面,一是壽險公司實力不斷提升,對社會和諧與國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要作用日益顯著；二是壽險產(chǎn)品日益豐富,滿足了不同群體的多樣化需求。壽險產(chǎn)品從分業(yè)經(jīng)營之前的單一純保障壽險產(chǎn)品發(fā)展到如今,不僅擁有多品種、多期限、多功能的壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu),同時兼顧保障、儲蓄、投資三大功能。多層次的壽險產(chǎn)品不僅為社會提供基礎(chǔ)的風(fēng)險保障,也滿足了部分群體的投資理財需求,這些開創(chuàng)性的產(chǎn)品革新,提升了壽險業(yè)在金融市場的地位及民眾對壽險的認(rèn)可度,為壽險業(yè)的健康發(fā)展奠定了堅實基礎(chǔ)。 壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)是壽險產(chǎn)品中各類產(chǎn)品保費(fèi)收入占總保費(fèi)收入的比重,目前我國壽險產(chǎn)品主要包含四類,即普通壽險、分紅險、投連險、萬能險。普通險提供純粹的風(fēng)險保障,而分紅險等則具有較強(qiáng)的投資屬性。壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)一方面可以反映我國消費(fèi)者的對壽險產(chǎn)品的需求狀況,另一方面也能反映我國壽險公司的產(chǎn)品策略。分析這四類險種之間的數(shù)量關(guān)系,有助于了解我國當(dāng)前壽險產(chǎn)品的配置情況,在此基礎(chǔ)上對未來壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整做出合理規(guī)劃。 壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的相關(guān)研究一般從國際比較出發(fā),分析歐美等發(fā)達(dá)國家壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)及其變遷緣由,通過對比來分析我國壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)所處的階段及未來發(fā)展目標(biāo)。針對國內(nèi)情況的相關(guān)研究則主要從時間序列出發(fā),分析不同歷史時期的壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)并提出在這一段時期里壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)變動的情況及原因。鑒于我國地域廣闊、人口眾多,不同地區(qū)之間的自然環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會狀況等不盡相同,壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)也呈現(xiàn)出明顯的區(qū)域差異。目前有少數(shù)學(xué)者針對壽險業(yè)發(fā)展的區(qū)域差異進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究,但尚未對壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)域差異進(jìn)行研究。本文試圖針對我國區(qū)域間壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的差異作出一般性的分析,并通過實證分析解釋影響各區(qū)域不同壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)形成的因素,進(jìn)而對壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)不合理的地區(qū)給出原則上的建議。 本文通過以下四個方面來展開相關(guān)研究： 第一部分：將產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)理論引入壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu),保留產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)理論中產(chǎn)品層次理論與產(chǎn)品組合理論的主體框架,并將壽險業(yè)的具體特點(diǎn)融入其中,由此形成一般性的壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)定義。由于當(dāng)前國內(nèi)并無統(tǒng)一定義,因此有必要壽險對壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)做一個一般性的定義。同時,在基本地域劃分的基礎(chǔ)上,對各區(qū)域壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的特征作一般性描述。 第二部分：從需求、供給及中介的角度出發(fā),分析上述三類因素對壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的影響作用。需求與供給因素是形成壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的基本因素,保險中介是消費(fèi)者與壽險公司之間的橋梁,對壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)也有一定的影響。針對東中西部三大地區(qū),分析各區(qū)域及區(qū)域之間的壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)差異,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,從需求、供給兩個方面給出壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的形成機(jī)制。該部分是前文全國性分析的具體化,也是下文區(qū)域差異實證分析的準(zhǔn)備工作。 第三部分：該部分分為兩個模塊,一是方差分析,將全國分為東中西三大區(qū)域,采用各區(qū)域內(nèi)的省市自治區(qū)的四大險種結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù),通過方差分析來檢驗三大區(qū)域的產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)是否存在顯著差異。在三大區(qū)域的產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)存在顯著差異的基礎(chǔ)上,通過SPSS多元線性回歸進(jìn)一步分析影響各區(qū)域壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的原因。 第四部分：對上文的實證分析結(jié)果做出可能的解釋,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出縮小區(qū)域差異、促進(jìn)各區(qū)域壽險均衡發(fā)展的初步建議。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處如下： 第一,壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的相關(guān)研究,目前并不多,在有限的研究中,主要有兩類,一類是國際間壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)比較,另一類是國內(nèi)壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的時間序列比較,這兩類研究均是將我國壽險業(yè)作為一個整體來看待,而沒有考慮到各地區(qū)之間的壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)差異。本文從區(qū)域的角度出發(fā),著眼點(diǎn)較現(xiàn)有研究更為細(xì)致深入。 第二,在壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的影響因素方面,前人一般從宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)因素著手,也有少部分研究從公司微觀層面著手。壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的形成機(jī)制是供需雙方互動的結(jié)果,而宏觀與微觀的因素最終仍然是通過影響消費(fèi)者需求與壽險公司供給而影響產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的。因此,本文采用最直接、最本質(zhì)的需求、供給因素,將全部變量歸納為供給因素與需求因素,并在此基礎(chǔ)上討論兩者的互動效應(yīng)。 第三、關(guān)于區(qū)域差異的研究較少,并且僅停留在簡單描述層面,沒有可靠地數(shù)據(jù)作為支撐。本文采用方差分析,通過各地區(qū)的詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù)分析給出嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)科學(xué)的結(jié)論,證明區(qū)域間確實存在顯著差異。 鑒于本人學(xué)識及相關(guān)信息有限,本文尚有諸多不足之處,主要集中在以下幾個方面： 第一,本文的截面數(shù)據(jù)涉及除港澳臺之外的31個省市自治區(qū)中的28個,由于3個省市自治區(qū)的數(shù)據(jù)無法獲得,因此本文無法對全國各地區(qū)的壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)作出全面性的分析。 第二,本文選取了可能影響產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的7個主要因素,當(dāng)然還存在其他諸多影響因素,由于某些影響因素?zé)o法具體量化,或者無法取得準(zhǔn)確數(shù)據(jù),因此本文所選取的解釋變量不能代表全部影響因素,無法完整解釋各區(qū)域壽險產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)差異的原因。 以上不足之處還需要進(jìn)一步的研究和完善,同時也希望各位前輩同仁不舍賜教。
[Abstract]:Since the division of life insurance in 1996, life insurance industry has experienced an essential change from scratch, from germination to maturity. The development of life insurance is mainly embodied in two aspects, one is that the life insurance company has been increasing, and the important role of the social harmony and the development of the national economy is becoming more and more significant; and the two is that life insurance products are increasingly rich and satisfied. With the diversified demand of the same group, the life insurance products have developed from the single pure guarantee life insurance products to the present, not only have the multi variety, multi term, multi-functional life insurance product structure, but also take into account the three functions of security, savings and investment. The multi-level life insurance products are not only the risk guarantee for the social basis, but also the Department. The investment and financial needs of the sub groups, these pioneering product innovations, have promoted the status of the life insurance industry in the financial market and the public recognition of life insurance, laying a solid foundation for the healthy development of the life insurance industry.
The life insurance product structure is the proportion of the premium income of all kinds of products in the life insurance products. At present, there are four kinds of life insurance products in our country, namely, ordinary life insurance, dividend insurance, investment insurance, universal risk, universal risk. The common risk provides a pure risk guarantee, while the bonus insurance has a strong investment property. The structure of life insurance products can be reflected on one side. The demand for the life insurance products of the Chinese consumers, on the other hand, can also reflect the product strategy of our life insurance companies. The analysis of the quantitative relationship between the four types of insurance will help to understand the configuration of the current life insurance products in our country and make a reasonable plan for the structure adjustment of the life insurance products on the basis of this.
The related research on the structure of life insurance products generally starts from the international comparison, analyzes the structure of life insurance products in Europe and America and other developed countries, and analyzes the stages and future development goals of the life insurance product structure in China. The structure of life insurance products and the reasons for the changes in the structure of life insurance products during this period. In view of the vast region, the large population, the natural environment, the economic and social conditions among different regions, the structure of life insurance products also presents obvious regional differences. The regional differences are studied, but the regional differences in the structure of life insurance products have not been studied. This paper tries to make a general analysis on the differences in the structure of the life insurance products in China, and explains the factors that affect the formation of different life insurance products in different regions through empirical analysis, and then the unreasonable structure of life insurance products. The district gives the suggestion in principle.
This article launches the related research through the following four aspects:
The first part: introducing the product structure theory into the life insurance product structure, retaining the main frame of the product hierarchy theory and the product combination theory in the product structure theory, and integrating the specific characteristics of the life insurance industry, thus forming a general definition of the life insurance product structure. Because there is no unified definition at home, it is necessary to live the life insurance to the life. A general definition of the structure of insurance products is made. At the same time, based on the basic geographical division, the characteristics of the structure of life insurance products in different regions are generally described.
The second part: from the perspective of demand, supply and intermediary, this paper analyzes the influence of the above three factors on the structure of life insurance products. The demand and supply factors are the basic factors to form the structure of life insurance products. The insurance intermediary is the bridge between the consumer and the life insurance company and the structure of life insurance products. In the three major areas, the structure difference of life insurance products between regions and regions is analyzed, and on this basis, the formation mechanism of life insurance product structure is given from two aspects of demand and supply. This part is the concrete of the previous national analysis, and is also the preparation of the empirical analysis of the following regional differences.
The third part: this part is divided into two modules. One is the analysis of variance. The whole country is divided into three regions of East and West in East and West, and the data of the four types of insurance structure in the provinces and autonomous regions in each region are used to test the significant difference in the product structure of the three regions by the analysis of variance. There is a significant difference in the product structure of the three major regions. On the basis of SPSS multiple linear regression, we further analyze the factors that affect the structure of life insurance products in different regions.
The fourth part: to make a possible explanation of the results of the empirical analysis above, and on this basis, put forward some preliminary suggestions to reduce regional differences and promote the balanced development of life insurance in various regions.
The innovation of this article is as follows:
First, there are not many related studies on the structure of life insurance products. In the limited research, there are two main types. One is the comparison of the structure of international life insurance products, the other is the time series comparison of the structure of domestic life insurance products. These two kinds of studies all regard China's life insurance industry as a whole, but do not take into account the areas between each region. The structural differences of life insurance products. From the perspective of the region, the focus is more detailed and thorough than the existing ones.
Second, in terms of the factors affecting the structure of life insurance products, the predecessors generally begin with macroeconomic factors, and a few studies start from the micro level of the company. The formation mechanism of life insurance product structure is the result of the interaction between the supply and demand sides, and the macro and micro factors are still influenced by the consumer demand and the life insurance company supply. Therefore, this paper adopts the most direct, most essential demand and supply factors, and sums up all the variables into supply and demand factors, and discusses the interaction effect on this basis.
Third, there are few studies on regional differences, and they only stay on the simple description level and have no reliable data as support. This paper uses variance analysis to give rigorous scientific conclusions through detailed data analysis in various regions, proving that there are significant differences between regions.
In view of my limited knowledge and limited information, there are still many deficiencies in this paper.
First, the section data of this paper involves 28 of the 31 provinces and autonomous regions other than Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. The data of 3 provinces and autonomous regions can not be obtained. Therefore, this paper can not make a comprehensive analysis of the structure of life insurance products in all regions of the country.
Second, this paper selects 7 main factors that may affect the product structure, and of course there are many other factors. Because some factors can not be quantified, or accurate data can not be obtained, the explanatory variables selected in this paper can not represent all the influence factors and can not fully explain the structural differences of life insurance products in each region. The reason.
The above deficiencies still need further research and improvement, and I hope that your colleagues will not give you any advice.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.62

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本文編號：1799570