本文選題：歐洲　切入點：養(yǎng)老金制度改革　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)中葉以來,無論是在發(fā)達(dá)國家還是發(fā)展中國家,養(yǎng)老問題都是亟需解決的一個難題。由于經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化帶來的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的變化以及人口老齡化帶來的“銀色浪潮”,使得現(xiàn)代國家的養(yǎng)老金制度愈發(fā)不適應(yīng)不斷變化的外部環(huán)境。因此,許多國家通過不同的路徑對其養(yǎng)老金制度進(jìn)行了改革。歐洲作為社會保障的發(fā)源地,擁有較為成熟的養(yǎng)老金體系,其改革一直走在世界的前列。進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來,歐洲的社會結(jié)構(gòu)、經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境遭遇了重大變化。金融危機(jī)以及不斷深化的人口老齡化對歐洲各國的養(yǎng)老金制度產(chǎn)生了嚴(yán)峻的沖擊。特別是歐洲主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī),將養(yǎng)老金制度推到了風(fēng)口浪尖。歐洲國家在面對人口老齡化和金融危機(jī)的沖擊下,究竟是如何進(jìn)行改革?不同模式的國家在養(yǎng)老金制度改革中采用了怎樣的路徑方案?文章截取其中三個典型國家的養(yǎng)老金改革進(jìn)行分析,分別是英國、德國和希臘。這三個國家都是歐洲養(yǎng)老金制度的典型代表。通過參考、分析養(yǎng)老金改革的文獻(xiàn)與資料,文章對歐洲典型國家——英國、德國和希臘的養(yǎng)老金制度改革進(jìn)行研究,分析養(yǎng)老金制度改革的趨勢和動因,并且對改革成效進(jìn)行衡量評價。本研究通過整理歐洲典型國家養(yǎng)老金制度改革的歷史進(jìn)程與最新的動態(tài)發(fā)展,梳理歐洲典型國家養(yǎng)老金改革的異同點,為我國政府在養(yǎng)老金改革中的角色定位提供參考。文章認(rèn)為目前養(yǎng)老金改革的發(fā)展趨勢是強(qiáng)調(diào)在人口結(jié)構(gòu)沖擊和金融危機(jī)沖擊下制度的穩(wěn)健性；強(qiáng)調(diào)私有化之下的公平性；通過財政方面的改革,開源節(jié)流,建立可持續(xù)財政。而我國在制度設(shè)計初期也應(yīng)該遵循這樣的思路,應(yīng)堅持多支柱的改革方向,鼓勵職業(yè)養(yǎng)老金和個人養(yǎng)老金的發(fā)展；應(yīng)強(qiáng)化多弱勢群體的扶持力度,在發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)試點多支柱改革的同時,加強(qiáng)對落后地區(qū)、弱勢群體的扶持力度；應(yīng)保證財政的可持續(xù)性,最大程度上保證其資金、財政和經(jīng)濟(jì)的長期活力和可持續(xù)性。
[Abstract]:Since the middle of 20th century, in both developed and developing countries, The pension problem is a difficult problem that needs to be solved. Due to the macroeconomic changes brought by economic globalization and the "silver wave" brought by the aging population, the pension system in modern countries is becoming more and more inadaptable to the constant changes. Therefore, Many countries have reformed their pension systems in different ways. Europe, the birthplace of social security, has a more mature pension system, and its reform has been in the forefront of the world. Since 21th century, Europe's social structure and economic environment have undergone major changes. The financial crisis and the deepening ageing of the population have had a severe impact on European pension systems, especially the European sovereign debt crisis. The pension system has been pushed to the head. How are European countries going to reform in the face of an ageing population and a financial crisis? What path schemes have been adopted by countries with different models in pension system reform? This paper analyzes pension reform in three typical countries, namely, Britain, Germany and Greece. These three countries are typical representatives of European pension system. This paper studies the reform of pension system in Britain, Germany and Greece, and analyzes the trend and motivation of pension system reform. This study collates the historical process and the latest dynamic development of pension system reform in typical European countries, combs the similarities and differences of pension reform in typical European countries. The paper points out that the development trend of pension reform is to emphasize the stability of the system under the impact of population structure and financial crisis, to emphasize the fairness of privatization, and to provide a reference for the role of our government in pension reform. Through the reform of finance, increasing income and reducing expenditure, and establishing sustainable finance, our country should follow this way of thinking in the early stage of system design, should adhere to the direction of multi-pillar reform, encourage the development of occupational pension and individual pension; We should strengthen the support of the multi-vulnerable groups and strengthen the support for the backward areas and the vulnerable groups while piloting multi-pillar reforms in the developed regions, and ensure the financial sustainability and, to the maximum extent, the funds of the disadvantaged groups. Long-term financial and economic viability and sustainability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F841.67

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號：1640444