本文選題：巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)　切入點(diǎn)：承保能力　出處：《廈門大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)作為世界上自然災(zāi)害最為嚴(yán)重的國(guó)家之一,長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直遭受著各類巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)帶來(lái)的巨大損失。自上世紀(jì)九十年代以來(lái),中國(guó)因?yàn)榫逓?zāi)造成的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失呈逐漸上升趨勢(shì)。據(jù)民政部統(tǒng)計(jì)資料顯示,近十年來(lái),中國(guó)每年因自然災(zāi)害造成的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失都在千億元以上,常年受災(zāi)人口達(dá)兩億多人次。 中國(guó)巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)所造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失整體上呈上升趨勢(shì),這也與全球巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失一致。然而,中國(guó)的巨災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于保險(xiǎn)業(yè)相對(duì)成熟的國(guó)家和地區(qū),同時(shí)也與中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及巨災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)需求難以匹配。國(guó)際上巨災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)對(duì)災(zāi)害損失的補(bǔ)償達(dá)到百分之三十至百分之四十,但我國(guó)這一比例不到百分之一,其中汶川大地震時(shí)的保險(xiǎn)賠付占比僅百分之零點(diǎn)二。如果建立了巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分散機(jī)制,將大大減輕政府和財(cái)政的負(fù)擔(dān),并使巨災(zāi)損失得到較好的補(bǔ)償。 我國(guó)的巨災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)制度已處于起步階段,2013年12月30日,《深圳市巨災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)方案》經(jīng)深圳市政府常務(wù)會(huì)議審議并原則通過(guò),巨災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)制度在深圳率先建立。試點(diǎn)工作也隨之在云南和深圳兩地繼續(xù)展開(kāi),巨災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)制度的后續(xù)發(fā)展方向依然在探索之中,因此,對(duì)我國(guó)財(cái)險(xiǎn)業(yè)對(duì)巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的承保能力加以探討,并以此為依據(jù),探討如何在采取措施提高財(cái)險(xiǎn)業(yè)自身承保能力的同時(shí),也利用財(cái)險(xiǎn)業(yè)之外的資源來(lái)為巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提供保障,便顯得格外有意義。 除導(dǎo)論外,本文由四部分組成。第一部分介紹了承保能力度量的相關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論和承保能力度量模型,為第二部分的實(shí)證分析提供理論基礎(chǔ)。第二部分通過(guò)理論模型以及我國(guó)財(cái)險(xiǎn)業(yè)的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)從幾個(gè)方面對(duì)我國(guó)財(cái)險(xiǎn)業(yè)的承保能力進(jìn)行了度量,通過(guò)分析得出了我國(guó)財(cái)險(xiǎn)業(yè)承保能力不足的結(jié)論,同時(shí)還對(duì)我國(guó)財(cái)險(xiǎn)業(yè)應(yīng)對(duì)不同規(guī)模巨災(zāi)損失時(shí)的承保能力,并得出我國(guó)財(cái)險(xiǎn)業(yè)應(yīng)對(duì)巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí)存在較大的承保能力缺口的結(jié)論。第三部分則通過(guò)定性分析和定量分析兩個(gè)方面探討了影響財(cái)險(xiǎn)業(yè)承保能力的眾多因素。第四部分則在前文中所得到結(jié)論的基礎(chǔ)上為增加我國(guó)財(cái)險(xiǎn)業(yè)對(duì)巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的承保能力提供了建立巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分散機(jī)制的發(fā)展設(shè)想,分別從政府部門、財(cái)險(xiǎn)公司、再保險(xiǎn)市場(chǎng)和資本市場(chǎng)四個(gè)角色闡述了巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分散機(jī)制的構(gòu)建方案。
[Abstract]:As one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world, China has been suffering huge losses from all kinds of catastrophe risks for a long time. Since -10s, The direct economic losses caused by catastrophic disasters in China are gradually on the rise. According to statistics from the Ministry of Civil Affairs, in the past decade, the direct economic losses caused by natural disasters in China have been more than 100 billion yuan each year. The number of people affected by disasters all year round amounted to more than 200 million. The economic losses caused by the catastrophe risk in China are on the rise, which is consistent with the economic loss of the global catastrophe risk. However, the catastrophe insurance in China lags far behind the countries and regions where the insurance industry is relatively mature. At the same time, it is difficult to match China's economic development and the demand for catastrophe insurance. In the world, catastrophe insurance compensates for disaster losses by 30% to 40%, but the proportion in China is less than 1%. The proportion of insurance indemnity in Wenchuan earthquake is only 0.2%. If the mechanism of catastrophe risk dispersion is established, the burden of government and finance will be greatly reduced, and the catastrophe loss will be compensated better. China's catastrophe insurance system is in its infancy. On December 30th 2013, the "catastrophe Insurance Scheme of Shenzhen" was examined and approved in principle by the executive meeting of the Shenzhen Municipal Government. The catastrophe insurance system was first established in Shenzhen. The pilot work continued in Yunnan and Shenzhen, and the follow-up development direction of the catastrophe insurance system is still under exploration. Therefore, This paper probes into the ability of the property insurance industry to underwrite catastrophe risk, and on the basis of this, discusses how to take measures to improve the underwriting capacity of the property insurance industry, and at the same time make use of the resources other than the property insurance industry to provide protection for the catastrophe risk. It is particularly meaningful. In addition to the introduction, this paper consists of four parts. The first part introduces the relevant economic theory of underwriting capacity measurement and the model of underwriting capacity measurement. The second part measures the underwriting capacity of China's property insurance industry from several aspects through theoretical model and relevant data of China's property insurance industry. The conclusion is drawn that the underwriting capacity of China's property insurance industry is insufficient, and the underwriting capacity of China's property insurance industry to deal with catastrophe losses of different scales is also discussed. It is concluded that there is a large underwriting capacity gap in China's property insurance industry in response to catastrophe risk. The third part discusses many factors affecting the insurance capacity of property insurance industry through qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. 4th. On the basis of the conclusions obtained in the previous paper, part of this paper provides the development idea of establishing the mechanism of catastrophe risk dispersion for increasing the underwriting capacity of property insurance industry to catastrophe risk in our country. From the four roles of government, property insurance company, reinsurance market and capital market, this paper expounds the construction scheme of catastrophe risk dispersal mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F842.65

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