本文關(guān)鍵詞： 交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn) 經(jīng)營(yíng)虧損 定價(jià)方案 改進(jìn)　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：機(jī)動(dòng)車交通事故責(zé)任強(qiáng)制保險(xiǎn)(下文簡(jiǎn)稱“交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)”)是我國(guó)產(chǎn)險(xiǎn)業(yè)的重要組成部分,作為首個(gè)全國(guó)推行的強(qiáng)制保險(xiǎn)的險(xiǎn)種,在道路交通事故中發(fā)揮著分散風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和社會(huì)管理的職能,對(duì)我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。 我國(guó)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展和居民收入水平的不斷提升,為車險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展提供了良好的基礎(chǔ)條件,與此同時(shí),每年機(jī)動(dòng)車傷亡的人數(shù)也因此不斷增加,經(jīng)濟(jì)水平較差的駕駛員在發(fā)生交通事故時(shí)不能對(duì)受害人及時(shí)有效的予以補(bǔ)償。鑒于此,我國(guó)于2006年推出了交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)制度來(lái)維護(hù)交通事故中受害人的合法權(quán)益。然而,由于我國(guó)保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)發(fā)展尚不成熟,交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)營(yíng)陷入虧損困境。截至2012年末,交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)累計(jì)虧損達(dá)到了256億元。交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)虧損的原因是多方面的,主要是不變的收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)同社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)成本不斷攀升的矛盾以及保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)技術(shù)升級(jí)緩慢造成的。交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)作為我國(guó)首個(gè)全國(guó)推廣的險(xiǎn)種,對(duì)我國(guó)推行其他險(xiǎn)種有著重要的借鑒意義,持續(xù)虧損的經(jīng)營(yíng)現(xiàn)況或會(huì)降低其服務(wù)質(zhì)量,不利于其發(fā)揮維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的作用。因此,分析交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)虧損的原因,探索促進(jìn)交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)健康發(fā)展的方式,對(duì)交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)的健康發(fā)展乃至后期推行其他強(qiáng)制險(xiǎn)種都有著積極的理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文主要內(nèi)容如下： 首先,闡述本文的研究背景和研究意義,概括研究思路,并指出論文創(chuàng)新和不足之處。其次,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)的發(fā)展和經(jīng)營(yíng)狀況進(jìn)行闡述和分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：歐美等國(guó)家和地區(qū)交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)發(fā)展有健全的法律基礎(chǔ)和成熟的經(jīng)營(yíng)技術(shù)作保障；日本及我國(guó)港臺(tái)地區(qū)在交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)的服務(wù)條款主要對(duì)交通事故中的人身傷亡進(jìn)行保障,不含財(cái)產(chǎn)保障,這有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)為交通事故中受害人健康、生命的損害提供基本保障這一目的。對(duì)我國(guó)交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)營(yíng)狀況分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：承保所得為負(fù)、投資所得較低、費(fèi)用及成本較高。再次,對(duì)我國(guó)交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)虧損原因進(jìn)行不同層面的分析。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：現(xiàn)行費(fèi)率定價(jià)方案不夠精確、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境不夠?qū)捤�、保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理水平不高等綜合因素導(dǎo)致了我國(guó)交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)的虧損現(xiàn)況。最后,嘗試設(shè)計(jì)出新的定價(jià)方案并對(duì)該方案實(shí)施提出具體措施。建議：通過加入多種因素嘗試建立新的定價(jià)方案,促使其早日進(jìn)入“不盈不虧”的健康經(jīng)營(yíng)模式；保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)應(yīng)認(rèn)清自身存在的經(jīng)營(yíng)技術(shù)問題,與監(jiān)管部門合作進(jìn)行產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)；宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策上政府應(yīng)結(jié)合實(shí)際建立靈活的稅收機(jī)制、穩(wěn)健的司法環(huán)境促進(jìn)其發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Compulsory liability insurance for motor vehicle traffic accidents (hereinafter referred to as "traffic insurance") is an important part of the property insurance industry in China, as the first compulsory insurance in China. It plays an irreplaceable role in the economic development and social stability of our country. The rapid development of China's automobile industry and the continuous improvement of residents' income level provide a good basic condition for the development of auto insurance business, at the same time, the number of motor vehicle casualties is also increasing every year. The driver with poor economic level can not compensate the victim in time when the traffic accident occurs. In view of this. In 2006, China introduced the traffic insurance system to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the victims of traffic accidents. However, because of the development of the insurance industry in China is not yet mature. As of end of 2012, the accumulated losses of Jiaotong insurance have reached 25.6 billion yuan. The reasons for the losses are various. It is mainly caused by the contradiction between the constant charge standard and the rising social and economic cost and the slow upgrading of the insurance industry technology. Traffic insurance is the first national spread of insurance in China. It is of great significance for our country to carry out other kinds of insurance. The current situation of continuous loss may reduce its service quality, and it will not play a role in maintaining social stability. Therefore, this paper analyzes the reasons for the loss of operation in traffic insurance. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the ways to promote the healthy development of traffic insurance and to carry out other compulsory insurance in the later period. The main contents of this paper are as follows: First of all, this paper describes the research background and significance, summarizes the research ideas, and points out the paper innovation and deficiencies. Secondly. This paper expounds and analyzes the development and management of traffic insurance at home and abroad. The study finds that the development of traffic strong insurance in Europe and America has a sound legal basis and mature management technology. The terms of service of Japan and Hong Kong and Taiwan in traffic insurance mainly protect the personal injury and death in the traffic accident, which does not include the property security, which is helpful to realize the health of the victim in the traffic accident. The purpose of life damage is to provide the basic protection. The analysis of the operating condition of our country's traffic insurance shows that the underwriting income is negative, the investment income is low, the cost and cost are high. This paper analyzes the causes of operational losses of traffic insurance in China at different levels. The results show that the current pricing scheme is not accurate enough, and the social and economic environment is not easy enough. The insurance industry management level is not high and so on the comprehensive factor has led to our country traffic strong insurance loss present situation. Finally. This paper tries to design a new pricing scheme and puts forward some concrete measures for the implementation of the scheme. Suggestions are made: try to establish a new pricing scheme by adding a variety of factors to promote it to enter the healthy management mode of "no profit and no loss" as soon as possible; The insurance industry should recognize its own problems of management technology and cooperate with the regulatory authorities to upgrade the industry. In macroeconomic policy, the government should set up a flexible tax mechanism and a sound judicial environment to promote its development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F842.69

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