本文選題：PPP + 高鐵��； 參考：《北京交通大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鐵路是我國重要的基礎設施,在交通體系中占有重要地位,是支撐國家經(jīng)濟的重大戰(zhàn)略設施。隨著國家《中長期鐵路網(wǎng)規(guī)劃》的正式印發(fā),越來越多的鐵路尤其是高速鐵路將要修建,但以往以國家財政資金為主的鐵路融資方式已不能滿足需求,因此在《規(guī)劃》中國家大力鼓勵支持地方政府廣泛吸引包括民間投資、外資等在內(nèi)的社會資本參與鐵路投資建設。這表明政府財政在高鐵建設中占比將下降,社會資本則開始發(fā)揮越來越重要的作用。而PPP模式是社會資本進入高鐵投資建設運營的主要方式。但PPP模式建設的高鐵項目通常具有融資結(jié)構較復雜、投資規(guī)模大、建設周期長、參與方較多等特點,風險貫穿于項目的全過程,且PPP模式在國內(nèi)推行時間過短,社會資本方對于高鐵PPP項目風險管理能力和經(jīng)驗尚都有所欠缺,造成高鐵PPP項目風險管理的嚴重不足。風險管理水平?jīng)Q定了 PPP項目是否能夠融成功,如何識別、評價、分擔、控制高鐵PPP項目的風險,是事關高鐵項目成敗的關鍵。本論文旨在以PPP項目模式理論和風險管理相關理論為基礎,分析我國高鐵PPP項目中存在的風險因素,針對存在的風險提出了對應的建議,并對企業(yè)風險管理體系提出了建議。文章首先對高鐵項目的風險管理現(xiàn)狀與存在問題進行了分析。隨后深化了風險管理的過程,在風險識別環(huán)節(jié),通過文獻分析法對高鐵項目存在的風險進行了初步識別,再通過專家評審法對風險項進行評審,整理后得出了最終風險清單。接著,將風險因素分為三個等級,使用風險矩陣法對風險因素進行了評估。再參考已有案例和文獻資料,制定了風險應對方案,并加強了風險監(jiān)控策略。最后,結(jié)合國外的管理經(jīng)驗,從企業(yè)內(nèi)部管理和企業(yè)外部監(jiān)控兩個方面對我國鐵路PPP項目風險管理提出了建議。企業(yè)內(nèi)部,企業(yè)需要優(yōu)化風險管理組織,健全風險的管理制度,綜合運用各種的風險管理手段來加強對風險的管理水平。企業(yè)外部,需要督促政府完善相關的法律法規(guī),加強對市場的考察,了解市場的動向,是保證企業(yè)盈利的手段。通過對高鐵PPP項目的風險管理研究,旨在解決我國高鐵建設資金缺口問題、優(yōu)化企業(yè)風險管理流程、提升高鐵PPP項目風險管理研究的可操作性、提高私營企業(yè)風險管理能力,從而讓企業(yè)能夠提高高鐵PPP項目風險的管理能力,提升企業(yè)自身的競爭力。
[Abstract]:Railway is an important infrastructure in China and occupies an important position in the transportation system. It is a major strategic facility to support the national economy. With the official publication of the national railway network planning, more and more railways, especially high speed railways, will be built, but the railway financing mode, which is mainly based on national finance and government funds, is not satisfied. Therefore, in the "planning", the Chinese family strongly encourages local governments to attract social capital, including private investment and foreign investment, to participate in railway investment and construction. This shows that the government finance is going to decline in the construction of high speed rail, and the social capital is playing a more and more important role. The PPP model is the investment of social capital into the high speed rail investment. However, the high speed rail projects built by the PPP model usually have the characteristics of complex financing structure, large investment scale, long construction cycle, more participants and so on. The risk runs through the whole process of the project, and the PPP mode is too short in China, and the social capital has the ability and experience on the risk management of the high speed railway PPP project. The risk management level determines whether the PPP project can be successful, how to identify, evaluate, share and control the risk of the high speed rail PPP project, which is the key to the success or failure of the high speed rail project. This paper is based on the theory of the PPP project model and the related theory of risk management. The risk factors existing in China's high speed rail PPP project, put forward corresponding suggestions on the risk of existence, and put forward some suggestions to the enterprise risk management system. First, the article analyses the current situation and existing problems of the risk management of the high speed rail project, and then deepens the course of risk management, in the risk identification link, through the literature analysis method. The risk of the high speed rail project is preliminarily identified, then the risk item is evaluated through the expert evaluation method, and the final risk list is obtained. Then, the risk factors are divided into three grades, and the risk factors are evaluated by the risk matrix method. Then the risk response plan is formulated with reference to the existing cases and literature. The risk monitoring strategy is strengthened. Finally, combining with the foreign management experience, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the risk management of China's railway PPP project from two aspects of internal management and external monitoring of enterprises. In the enterprise, enterprises need to optimize the organization of risk management, improve the management system of risk, and strengthen the comprehensive use of various risk management methods to strengthen the system. The management level of risk. Outside the enterprise, it is necessary to urge the government to improve the relevant laws and regulations, strengthen the inspection of the market and understand the trend of the market, is the means to guarantee the profit of the enterprise. Through the research on the risk management of the high speed rail PPP project, the aim is to solve the problem of the shortage of funds for the construction of the high speed railway in China, optimize the enterprise risk management process and improve the high speed railway PP P project risk management research is operable to improve the risk management ability of private enterprises, so that enterprises can improve the management ability of high speed rail PPP project risk and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises themselves.

【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F532.3;F283

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