本文選題：混流裝配線平衡 + 體力負(fù)荷��； 參考：《杭州電子科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的日趨加劇和客戶需求的快速更迭,在以手動(dòng)裝配操作為主的離散型制造企業(yè)中,可以同時(shí)對(duì)多種結(jié)構(gòu)相似、工藝相近的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)裝配的混流裝配線逐漸得到廣泛應(yīng)用�；炝餮b配線平衡是對(duì)產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)裝配過(guò)程的組合優(yōu)化,能有效的提高產(chǎn)品裝配質(zhì)量和企業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率,然而混流裝配線的平衡優(yōu)化由于考慮的因素增多因而也變得復(fù)雜。目前,針對(duì)混流裝配線的平衡優(yōu)化主要是以生產(chǎn)效率為目的,而很少考慮操作工人的作業(yè)感受。操作工人作為混流裝配線上的重要組成,其健康意識(shí)和用工價(jià)值日益得到重視,若在平衡優(yōu)化混流裝配線時(shí)忽視操作工人的體力和腦力的限制因素,則會(huì)影響混流裝配線的平衡穩(wěn)定和損害操作工人的身心健康。因此,本文在混流裝配線的平衡優(yōu)化階段考慮操作工人自身限制因素對(duì)其影響,從控制操作工人的體力負(fù)荷和腦力負(fù)荷兩個(gè)方面出發(fā),構(gòu)建考慮人因約束的混流裝配線平衡優(yōu)化模型,研究探索滿足人性化生產(chǎn)的平衡方案的必要。首先,從裝配線平衡問(wèn)題、混流裝配線平衡問(wèn)題以及考慮人因的裝配線平衡三個(gè)角度對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行梳理,分析已有研究?jī)?nèi)容的成果和不足,總結(jié)在平衡優(yōu)化裝配線的研究中考慮人的因素的關(guān)鍵角度和基本方法,為后文中問(wèn)題的分析與模型的構(gòu)建奠定基礎(chǔ)。其次,對(duì)混流裝配線的基本概念和混流裝配線平衡問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)理論以及求解方法做出詳細(xì)的分析與介紹,確立了以第(40)類混流裝配線平衡問(wèn)題為本文的研究對(duì)象。然后,分析總結(jié)了人因工程學(xué)的基本理論和研究方法,結(jié)合混流裝配線上操作工人的作業(yè)特性,抽象提取出體力消耗值和腦力承受度作為平衡混流裝配線時(shí)衡量操作工人體力負(fù)荷和腦力負(fù)荷的指標(biāo)。最后,以最小化工位個(gè)數(shù)、最小化工位間負(fù)荷指數(shù)和最小化工位內(nèi)負(fù)荷指數(shù)為混流裝配線的優(yōu)化目標(biāo),構(gòu)建了考慮人因約束的混流裝配線平衡優(yōu)化模型,以在確保平衡效果的前提下合理指派操作工人,控制其體力負(fù)荷和腦力負(fù)荷在合理范圍。在模型的求解上,設(shè)計(jì)了遺傳算法和混合遺傳--模擬退火算法。通過(guò)結(jié)合設(shè)計(jì)的算例做對(duì)比分析研究,得到滿足人因約束的平衡方案,驗(yàn)證了模型和算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the intensification of market competition and the rapid change of customer demand, in discrete manufacturing enterprises with manual assembly operation, many kinds of structures can be similar at the same time.The mixed-flow assembly line for production and assembly of similar products has been widely used.Mixed-flow assembly line balance is the combination optimization of product production and assembly process, which can effectively improve product assembly quality and enterprise production efficiency. However, the balance optimization of mixed-flow assembly line becomes more complex because of the increase of factors considered.At present, the balance optimization of mixed flow assembly line is mainly for the purpose of production efficiency, but seldom considers the operator's working experience.As an important component of mixed-flow assembly line, operators pay more and more attention to their health awareness and employment value. If the constraints of physical and mental strength of operators are ignored in balancing and optimizing the mixed-flow assembly line,It will affect the balance and stability of the mixed flow assembly line and damage the physical and mental health of the operator.Therefore, in the balance optimization stage of the mixed-flow assembly line, the author considers the influence of the operator's own limiting factors on it, and starts from two aspects of controlling the manual load and the mental load of the operator.The equilibrium optimization model of mixed-flow assembly line considering human constraints is constructed, and the necessity of exploring the balance scheme to meet the needs of humanized production is studied.First of all, from the aspects of assembly line balance, mixed-flow assembly line balance and human-factor assembly line balance, this paper combs the relevant literature at home and abroad, and analyzes the achievements and shortcomings of existing research contents.This paper summarizes the key angles and basic methods of considering human factors in the study of balance optimization assembly line, which lays a foundation for the analysis of problems and the construction of models.Secondly, the basic concept of mixed-flow assembly line and the basic theory and solving method of mixed-flow assembly line balance problem are analyzed and introduced in detail.Then, the basic theory and research methods of human factor engineering are analyzed and summarized, combined with the working characteristics of the workers on the mixed-flow assembly line.Physical exertion and mental endurance are abstractly extracted as indexes to measure manual and mental load of workers in balanced mixed-flow assembly line.Finally, by minimizing the number of stations, minimizing the inter-station load index and minimizing the internal load index, a hybrid assembly line balance optimization model considering human constraints is constructed.In order to ensure the balance of the effect of reasonable assignment of workers to control their physical load and mental load in a reasonable range.In solving the model, genetic algorithm and hybrid genetic-simulated annealing algorithm are designed.By comparing and analyzing the designed examples, a balance scheme satisfying the human factor constraints is obtained, and the validity of the model and the algorithm is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F273;F224

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