本文關(guān)鍵詞：工資理論從斯密、李嘉圖到馬克思的發(fā)展　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 工資 勞動(dòng) 勞動(dòng)力 價(jià)值

【摘要】：本文主要研究馬克思主義工資理論的形成和發(fā)展過程。古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)工資理論是馬克思主義工資理論形成的基石。亞當(dāng)·斯密是古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)奠基人。大衛(wèi)·李嘉圖是古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)集大成者。本文對古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)工資理論的研究,著重于這兩位代表人物。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文進(jìn)一步研究了馬克思對于兩位工資理論批判性的繼承和發(fā)展,以及自身工資理論的形成過程。本文的第1章是緒論部分,這部分主要介紹了本文的研究背景,以及在當(dāng)下研究工資理論具有怎樣的意義。同時(shí)介紹了本文研究使用的三種研究方法以及本文主要的兩點(diǎn)創(chuàng)新之處。本文使用的研究方法分別為矛盾分析法、理論研究與歷史研究相結(jié)合法以及比較分析法。本文的創(chuàng)新之處主要有以下兩點(diǎn):第一,系統(tǒng)考察和歸納馬克思主義工資理論的形成完善過程。第二,本文對于馬克思主義工資理論的分析建立在和古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的比較上,以比較來探究馬克思主義工資理論的發(fā)展。本文的第2章是以亞當(dāng)·斯密的經(jīng)典著作《國富論》為基礎(chǔ),詳細(xì)闡述了斯密的工資理論體系。這部分首先淺析了斯密工資理論的主要內(nèi)容,如勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)物構(gòu)成勞動(dòng)的自然工資、勞動(dòng)工資是勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)物對地租、利潤扣除后的余額以及決定勞動(dòng)工資的二因素等,其次對斯密的工資理論進(jìn)行了客觀的評價(jià)。斯密的工資理論以古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)勞動(dòng)價(jià)值論為基礎(chǔ),并在此基礎(chǔ)上界定了勞動(dòng)工資的性質(zhì)為“勞動(dòng)價(jià)格”。當(dāng)然,由于古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的勞動(dòng)價(jià)值理論具有雙重觀點(diǎn),因此斯密的工資理論也就不可避免的產(chǎn)生了雙重觀點(diǎn)。本文的第3章是以大衛(wèi)·李嘉圖的經(jīng)典著作《政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)及賦稅原理》為基礎(chǔ),詳細(xì)闡述了李嘉圖的工資理論體系。對于李嘉圖工資理論的研究,本文借助上一部分,著眼于李嘉圖對于古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)工資理論的發(fā)展,如區(qū)分了勞動(dòng)的自然價(jià)格與市場價(jià)格及二者之間的關(guān)系、擴(kuò)大了勞動(dòng)自然價(jià)格的范圍以及闡述了勞動(dòng)工資、人口增長、資本增長三者之間的關(guān)系等,并對李嘉圖為工資理論所做出的貢獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了客觀的評價(jià)。大衛(wèi)·李嘉圖在之前古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步論述了分配問題和勞動(dòng)價(jià)值問題,進(jìn)而構(gòu)建了更加完善的工資理論體系。李嘉圖克服了斯密體系中的矛盾,用抽象演繹的方法抽象出了掩蓋在資產(chǎn)階級生產(chǎn)關(guān)系內(nèi)部的一切東西。這使得李嘉圖成為古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的集大成者。第4章是本文的重點(diǎn)章節(jié)。這一章以卡爾·馬克思的經(jīng)典著作《資本論》為基礎(chǔ),淺析了馬克思對于古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)工資理論的繼承、批判和發(fā)展。首先,馬克思繼承了古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)以勞動(dòng)價(jià)值論為工資理論的研究基礎(chǔ),繼承了古典政治學(xué)抽象分析方法,并且繼承了古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)工資是勞資矛盾體現(xiàn)的觀點(diǎn)。其次,在繼承的基礎(chǔ)上,馬克思立場鮮明地指出了古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)工資理論中不合理的地方并加以批判。馬克思論證了勞動(dòng)創(chuàng)造的價(jià)值和勞動(dòng)力價(jià)值是兩個(gè)不同的量,明確了工資是勞動(dòng)力的價(jià)值。這一根本性的發(fā)現(xiàn)塑造了馬克思主義政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)工資理論。進(jìn)而馬克思開始用歷史發(fā)展的眼光看待工資問題,提出了工資應(yīng)考慮的歷史和道德因素。本文最后一章是結(jié)論,概括了馬克思工資理論從繼承、批判到發(fā)展形成的全過程。馬克思繼承了古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)以勞動(dòng)價(jià)值論為工資理論的研究基礎(chǔ),在此基礎(chǔ)上批判了古典政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)工資理論的非歷史性、混淆勞動(dòng)與勞動(dòng)力的概念以及最低工資等理論。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly studies the formation of Marx's wage theory and development process. The classical political economics theory of wages is the cornerstone of Marx's theory of wage formation. Adam Simy is the founder of classical political economics. David Ricardo is a master of classical political economics. A study of classical political economics wage theory, this article focuses on the two representatives. On this basis, this paper further studies for the two Marx wage theory critical inheriting and development, as well as their wage theory formation process. The first chapter is the introduction part, this part mainly introduces the research background, what is the significance of the present study and the theory of wages. It also introduces three kinds of using the method of this study and the main innovations. The methods used in this research were divided into contradiction Analysis, theoretical research and historical research combination method and the method of comparative analysis. The main innovations of this paper are the following two points: first, the formation of system investigation and sum up Marx's wage theory to improve the process. Second, this paper for the analysis of Marx's wage theory and built on classical political economics, with the development of comparative to explore Marx's wage theory. The second chapter is the classic "Adam Simy's wealth > as the basis, elaborated the theoretical system of Smith's wages. This part first analyzes the main contents of Smith's theory of wage labor, such as production form of natural labor wages, labor wages is labor for rent the balance of profits, after deducting and labor wage two factors, followed by Smith's theory of wages were objectively evaluated. Smith's wage theory in ancient Classical political economics basis of labor value theory, and then defines the nature of labor wages for labor price. Of course, due to the labor value theory of classical political economics has a dual view, so Smith's theory of wages will inevitably produce double views. The third chapter is the classic "David Ricardo's Political Economics and taxation principle > based, elaborated wage theory system of Ricardo. For the study of Ricardo wage theory, based on the part, focus on the development of Ricardo for the classical political economics wages theory, such as distinguishing the relationship between the natural price and the market price of labor and the two. To expand the scope of labor and expounds the natural price of labor wages, population growth, capital growth in the relationship between the three, and the Ricardo wage theory The contribution of the objective assessment. Based on David Ricardo before the classical political economists, further discusses the distribution and the value of labor, and then construct the wage theory system more perfect. To overcome the contradictions in Ricardo Smith's system, with abstract method is abstracted to cover all the things in the internal assets class production relations. This makes Ricardo become a master of classical political economics. The fourth chapter is the focus of this chapter. This chapter on Karl Max's classic "Das Kapital > based analysis for Marx inherited the classical political economics wage theory, criticism and development. Firstly, Marx inherited the classical economics based on the theory of labor value theory of wages, inherited the method of abstract analysis of classical politics, and inherited the classical economics of wages Is the embodiment of the view of labor conflicts. Secondly, on the basis of inheritance, Marx clearly pointed out the position of classical political economics theory of wages in the unreasonable place and criticism. Marx demonstrates the value of the value of labor and labor is the creation of two different volumes, clear the labor wage is the fundamental value. The discovery of the shaping of Marx's political economics theory. Then Marx began to look at the wage wage problem in the light of the historical development, put forward the historical and moral factors should be considered in salary. The last chapter is conclusion, summarizes Marx's theory from the inheritance, criticism to the development of the whole process. Marx inherited the classical political economics based on the theory of labor value theory of wages, on the basis of the historical criticism of non classical political economics theory of wages, labor and labor confusion The concept of power and the theory of minimum wages.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F091.3;F091.91;F244

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