多維視角下的幼兒園木工活動評價研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-12 05:10
【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟水平的日漸提高,越來越多的群體意識到教育事業(yè)的重要性,提高學(xué)前教育的質(zhì)量變得越來越迫切。欲提高活動質(zhì)量,則需要通過多維視角下的評價全面了解其現(xiàn)狀。木工活動是幼兒園區(qū)域活動的組成部分之一,是一項較為有挑戰(zhàn)性的“特殊”活動。木工活動由于其材料的多樣以及眾多可選擇的真實工具為幼兒的自主探索和創(chuàng)造提供了廣闊的天空。通過木工活動的開展可以幼兒促進基本動作及社會性發(fā)展,并能培養(yǎng)優(yōu)秀學(xué)習(xí)品質(zhì)。但現(xiàn)如今木工活動質(zhì)量并不高,并且缺少有效的評價。本研究是以從四川省成都市金牛區(qū)一家幼兒園拍攝的視頻為媒介,以訪談法為主,輔之以問卷調(diào)查法、文獻法,對多維視角下的木工活動評價問題進行探討。從木工活動中涉及的關(guān)鍵要素出發(fā),故研究中呈現(xiàn)出教師、家長及幼兒三類主體關(guān)于木工區(qū)配置、教師支持與指導(dǎo)、幼兒發(fā)展以及安全防護措施四方面的評價結(jié)果。并對三主體的評價結(jié)果進行橫向和縱向的分析。研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)教師主體關(guān)注材料以及幼兒發(fā)展,對材料的結(jié)構(gòu)性和層次性尤為關(guān)注,教師提出應(yīng)結(jié)合幼兒現(xiàn)有水平找到最近發(fā)展區(qū),為幼兒提供高低結(jié)構(gòu)的富有層次性的材料。而家長主體更關(guān)注活動中的安全性,無論是材料的提供,工具的使用,還是活動中兒童的交往都有提及。幼兒自身則更多的將著眼點放在教師支持與幫助上。主要表現(xiàn)為,幼兒由于沒有木工經(jīng)驗不敢嘗試以及木工活動經(jīng)驗不足帶來的對教師幫助的渴望。在教師的評價中發(fā)現(xiàn),教齡較長的教師考慮材料的層次性,而教齡較短的新教師則更多關(guān)注的是材料的“量”,并且高職稱的教師能夠考慮到幼兒個體差異及最近發(fā)展區(qū)的需要;農(nóng)村的教師較城市教師更擔(dān)心安全性;高職稱的教師認為教師支持應(yīng)該在合理觀察的基礎(chǔ)上適時介入,而無職稱且教齡短的教師認為教師支持應(yīng)該貫穿始終。在家長的評價中發(fā)現(xiàn),家長在安全性、木工區(qū)配置等四個方面有較高的一致性。在幼兒的評價中則發(fā)現(xiàn),男性幼兒較女性幼兒興趣更高。通過對評價結(jié)果分析給出建議:提倡評價主體多樣化,以拓寬教育評價視野,增加評價的科學(xué)性和完整性;合理運用評價結(jié)果,多維視角下的評價一致又存在差異,但內(nèi)部聯(lián)系密不可分;合理選擇評價內(nèi)容,從實際中來,不以“微觀”而不評;規(guī)范評價程序,運用多種形式和方法進行評價。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of economic level, more and more groups realize the importance of education, and it becomes more and more urgent to improve the quality of preschool education. In order to improve the quality of activities, it is necessary to fully understand the present situation through the evaluation of multi-dimensional perspective. Woodworking activity is one of the regional activities of kindergarten, it is a challenging "special" activity. Woodworking activities provide a broad sky for young children to explore and create independently because of their variety of materials and many real tools available. Through the development of woodworking activities, children can promote basic movement and social development, and can cultivate excellent learning quality. But nowadays the woodworking activity quality is not high, and lacks the effective appraisal. Based on the video taken from a kindergarten in Jinniu District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, this paper discusses the evaluation of woodworking activities from the perspective of multidimensional perspective, mainly by interview method, supplemented by questionnaire survey and literature method. Based on the key elements involved in woodworking activities, the evaluation results of teachers, parents and young children on the allocation of woodworking areas, teachers' support and guidance, infant development and safety measures are presented. The evaluation results of the three subjects are analyzed both horizontally and vertically. It is found that teachers' main body is concerned with materials and the development of young children, especially on the structure and level of materials. Teachers suggest that children should be combined with the existing level of children to find the proximate development area to provide children with hierarchical materials of high and low structure. Parents are more concerned about the safety of activities, whether the provision of materials, the use of tools, or the activities of children have been mentioned. Children themselves are more focused on teacher support and help. The main manifestation is the desire for teachers' help brought about by lack of woodworking experience and lack of experience in woodworking activities. In the evaluation of teachers, it was found that the older teachers considered the hierarchy of materials, while the younger teachers paid more attention to the "quantity" of materials. And teachers with high professional titles can take into account the individual differences of young children and the needs of the proximal development areas; teachers in rural areas are more worried about safety than urban teachers; teachers with high titles believe that teachers' support should be timely intervened on the basis of reasonable observation. Teachers with no title and short teaching years believe that teachers' support should always run through. In the evaluation of parents, it is found that parents have high consistency in four aspects: safety and woodworking area configuration. In the evaluation of young children, male children were more interested than female children. Through the analysis of the evaluation results, some suggestions are put forward: to promote the diversification of the evaluation subjects, to broaden the educational evaluation field, to increase the scientific nature and integrity of the evaluation, to apply the evaluation results reasonably, and to make the evaluation consistent and different from the multi-dimensional perspective. However, the internal connection is inseparable; reasonable selection of evaluation content, from the reality, not "micro" without evaluation; standardized evaluation procedures, using a variety of forms and methods to evaluate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G612
本文編號：2238006
[Abstract]:With the improvement of economic level, more and more groups realize the importance of education, and it becomes more and more urgent to improve the quality of preschool education. In order to improve the quality of activities, it is necessary to fully understand the present situation through the evaluation of multi-dimensional perspective. Woodworking activity is one of the regional activities of kindergarten, it is a challenging "special" activity. Woodworking activities provide a broad sky for young children to explore and create independently because of their variety of materials and many real tools available. Through the development of woodworking activities, children can promote basic movement and social development, and can cultivate excellent learning quality. But nowadays the woodworking activity quality is not high, and lacks the effective appraisal. Based on the video taken from a kindergarten in Jinniu District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, this paper discusses the evaluation of woodworking activities from the perspective of multidimensional perspective, mainly by interview method, supplemented by questionnaire survey and literature method. Based on the key elements involved in woodworking activities, the evaluation results of teachers, parents and young children on the allocation of woodworking areas, teachers' support and guidance, infant development and safety measures are presented. The evaluation results of the three subjects are analyzed both horizontally and vertically. It is found that teachers' main body is concerned with materials and the development of young children, especially on the structure and level of materials. Teachers suggest that children should be combined with the existing level of children to find the proximate development area to provide children with hierarchical materials of high and low structure. Parents are more concerned about the safety of activities, whether the provision of materials, the use of tools, or the activities of children have been mentioned. Children themselves are more focused on teacher support and help. The main manifestation is the desire for teachers' help brought about by lack of woodworking experience and lack of experience in woodworking activities. In the evaluation of teachers, it was found that the older teachers considered the hierarchy of materials, while the younger teachers paid more attention to the "quantity" of materials. And teachers with high professional titles can take into account the individual differences of young children and the needs of the proximal development areas; teachers in rural areas are more worried about safety than urban teachers; teachers with high titles believe that teachers' support should be timely intervened on the basis of reasonable observation. Teachers with no title and short teaching years believe that teachers' support should always run through. In the evaluation of parents, it is found that parents have high consistency in four aspects: safety and woodworking area configuration. In the evaluation of young children, male children were more interested than female children. Through the analysis of the evaluation results, some suggestions are put forward: to promote the diversification of the evaluation subjects, to broaden the educational evaluation field, to increase the scientific nature and integrity of the evaluation, to apply the evaluation results reasonably, and to make the evaluation consistent and different from the multi-dimensional perspective. However, the internal connection is inseparable; reasonable selection of evaluation content, from the reality, not "micro" without evaluation; standardized evaluation procedures, using a variety of forms and methods to evaluate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G612
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