本文選題：幼兒園 + 大班幼兒��； 參考：《西華師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：個人事務(wù)自主是個體自主性發(fā)展的一條重要線索,而自主性對個體健全人格和良好社會適應(yīng)性的發(fā)展具有重要影響。幼兒個人事務(wù)自主發(fā)生與發(fā)展的源泉是與社會的交互作用。隨著年齡的增長,幼兒逐漸有了個人事務(wù)自主意識,尤其是大班幼兒。在與教師的相互交往過程中,逐步確立起個人事務(wù)自主領(lǐng)域和范圍。但是,目前國內(nèi)從幼兒園情境下,以師幼互動為背景研究大班幼兒個人事務(wù)自主的資料還亟待豐富和完善。因此,本研究采用觀察法和訪談法,了解師幼互動背景下大班幼兒個人事務(wù)自主發(fā)展存在的問題及其原因。研究結(jié)果如下:從師幼互動發(fā)起人來看,針對個人事務(wù)進行的師幼互動主要是由教師發(fā)起,幼兒很少發(fā)起師幼互動行為;從師幼互動發(fā)生場景來看,針對幼兒個人事務(wù)自主的互動多發(fā)生在游戲活動和體育活動,且幼兒擁有更多的個人事務(wù)自主權(quán)利;從師幼互動的過程來看,教師的低敏感度容易挫傷大班幼兒個人事務(wù)自主能力的發(fā)展;從師幼互動的結(jié)果來看,教師和大班幼兒之間常常因個人事務(wù)發(fā)生師幼沖突,而教師作為權(quán)威者常常迫使幼兒服從自己的決定。本研究主要從師幼互動的角度分析大班幼兒個人事務(wù)自主存在的問題,但幼兒的成長是社會、幼兒園、家庭共同影響的結(jié)果,因此有必要從以上三個角度分析當前大班幼兒個人事務(wù)自主存在的問題。在對影響大班幼兒個人事務(wù)自主發(fā)展因素的探討上,從社會因素分析,主要由于幼兒園師幼比例過高,還有集體主義思想以及傳統(tǒng)觀念的影響;從幼兒園方面分析,主要是教師缺乏對幼兒權(quán)利和能力的正確認識;對自主性的理解不夠全面深刻;教師事務(wù)繁雜工作壓力大;還有幼兒園安全因素的制約。從家長方面分析,主要是家長缺乏對幼兒個人事務(wù)自主的培養(yǎng)意識以及文化素質(zhì)不高�；谝陨戏治�,本研究最后從國家、教師和家長三個方面就如何促進大班幼兒個人事務(wù)自主提出合理建議,期望能為幼兒個人事務(wù)自主發(fā)展提供參考資料。
[Abstract]:Personal autonomy is an important clue to the development of individual autonomy, and autonomy has an important impact on the development of individuals' sound personality and good social adaptability. The source of independent occurrence and development of children's personal affairs is the interaction with society. With the growth of age, children gradually have a sense of personal autonomy, especially large-class children. In the process of interaction with teachers, the independent field and scope of personal affairs are gradually established. However, at present, it is urgent to enrich and perfect the information about the autonomy of children's personal affairs in large class in the background of teacher-child interaction. Therefore, the present study adopts the method of observation and interview to understand the problems and causes of the independent development of individual affairs of children in large classes under the background of teacher-child interaction. The results are as follows: from the point of view of the promoters of teacher-child interaction, the teacher-child interaction is mainly initiated by teachers, and children rarely initiate teacher-child interaction; from the perspective of teacher-child interaction, The interaction of children's personal affairs autonomy mostly occurs in the game activities and sports activities, and children have more independent rights of personal affairs; from the process of teacher-child interaction, The low sensitivity of teachers can easily dampen the development of the autonomy of individual affairs of large class children. From the result of teacher-child interaction, teachers and children in large classes often have teacher-child conflicts because of personal affairs. Teachers, as authorities, often force toddlers to dress from their own decisions. This study mainly analyzes the problems existing in the autonomy of children's personal affairs from the angle of teacher-child interaction, but the growth of children is the result of the joint influence of society, kindergarten and family. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the problems existing in the autonomy of large-class children's personal affairs from the above three angles. From the social factor analysis, it is mainly due to the high proportion of kindergarten teachers and children, as well as the influence of collectivism and traditional ideas. Teachers lack a correct understanding of children's rights and abilities; the understanding of autonomy is not comprehensive and profound; teachers' complex work pressure; and the constraints of kindergarten safety factors. From the parents' point of view, the main reason is that the parents lack the consciousness and the cultural quality of the children's personal affairs autonomy. Based on the above analysis, this study finally puts forward some reasonable suggestions on how to promote the autonomy of children's personal affairs in large classes from three aspects: state, teachers and parents, hoping to provide reference materials for the independent development of children's personal affairs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G612

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