本文選題：兒童視角　切入點(diǎn)：戶外活動　出處：《沈陽師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究以沈陽市某幼兒園為例,通過訪談法和作品分析法,選取80名5-6歲的大班幼兒,通過對幼兒的繪畫作品以及訪談結(jié)果進(jìn)行整理分析,分別從幼兒眼中的幼兒園戶外活動概念、幼兒對戶外活動的態(tài)度及其原因、幼兒眼中的戶外活動組織、幼兒眼中的戶外活動材料以及幼兒眼中理想的戶外活動五部分進(jìn)行呈現(xiàn),得出以下結(jié)論:第一,關(guān)于幼兒園戶外活動的概念,幼兒從活動的場所、活動的材料、活動的感受、活動的規(guī)則以及活動的作用五方面來進(jìn)行定義。第二,關(guān)于幼兒對戶外活動的態(tài)度及其原因,整體態(tài)度比較滿意,而受歡迎原因主要包括以下兩大方面:戶外活動能夠滿足幼兒的物質(zhì)需求、戶外活動能夠滿足幼兒的精神需求。第三,關(guān)于幼兒園戶外活動組織。關(guān)于戶外活動的時間,幼兒表示特殊情況下幼兒不愿意進(jìn)行戶外活動;關(guān)于戶外活動時間的時長問題,大部分幼兒表示時間足夠,但仍愿意多玩一會;關(guān)于幼兒喜歡上午玩還是下午玩,幼兒從是否有陽光、是否擁擠、是否身心放松、是否擁有足夠的同伴等方面考慮;最后,關(guān)于戶外活動的玩伴,結(jié)果顯示幼兒更愿意與小朋友一起活動。第四,關(guān)于幼兒園戶外活動的材料,研究結(jié)果顯示,幼兒喜歡的戶外活動材料具有以下特征:從外部條件來看,幼兒喜歡色彩鮮艷,造型漂亮,構(gòu)造豐富的活動材料;從內(nèi)部條件來看,幼兒喜歡玩法多樣、場地寬敞、舒適安全的活動材料;另外,幼兒喜歡活動過程中能夠發(fā)揮自主性,獲得成就感以及帶來愉悅體驗(yàn)的戶外活動材料。第五,幼兒眼中理想的戶外活動主要包括以下幾方面,豐富的活動材料、充足的自然元素以及舒適的活動過程。最后,針對研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析討論,包括幼兒對幼兒園戶外活動的概念認(rèn)知特點(diǎn)、戶外活動受幼兒歡迎的原因分析、幼兒對戶外活動的時間、玩伴的選擇特點(diǎn)分析以及幼兒對戶外活動材料的偏好分析五方面,為了更好地滿足幼兒戶外活動的需求,從環(huán)境、材料、玩伴、感受四方面提出教育建議。即創(chuàng)設(shè)滿足幼兒需求的物質(zhì)環(huán)境;提供滿足幼兒需求的活動材料;滿足幼兒戶外交往的玩伴需求;關(guān)注幼兒的活動感受。
[Abstract]:This study takes a kindergarten in Shenyang as an example, through interview and work analysis, 80 children aged 5-6 years old in large class are selected and analyzed through drawing works and interview results.The concept of kindergarten outdoor activities in children's eyes, their attitude towards outdoor activities and their reasons, the organization of outdoor activities in children's eyes, the materials of outdoor activities in children's eyes and the ideal outdoor activities in children's eyes are presented respectively.The main conclusions are as follows: firstly, the concept of outdoor activities in kindergartens is defined from five aspects: the place of activities, the materials of activities, the feelings of activities, the rules of activities and the functions of activities.Second, regarding the children's attitude towards outdoor activities and their reasons, the overall attitude is satisfactory, and the popular reasons mainly include the following two aspects: outdoor activities can meet the material needs of young children.Outdoor activities can meet the mental needs of young children.Third, about kindergarten outdoor activities organization.Regarding the time of outdoor activities, children indicated that they were unwilling to engage in outdoor activities under special circumstances; on the question of the duration of outdoor activities, most of the children indicated that time was sufficient, but they were still willing to play more.As to whether children like to play in the morning or in the afternoon, the children consider whether there is sunshine, whether they are crowded, whether they are relaxed, whether they have enough companions, and finally, the playmates for outdoor activities.The results showed that children are more willing to work with children.Fourth, on the materials of kindergarten outdoor activities, the results show that the children like outdoor activities with the following characteristics: from the external conditions, children like bright colors, beautiful shape, rich construction of active materials;From the perspective of internal conditions, children like to play a variety of ways, spacious space, comfortable and safe materials; in addition, children like to play in the process of autonomy, to achieve a sense of achievement and bring joy to the experience of outdoor activities.Fifth, the ideal outdoor activities in the eyes of young children mainly include the following aspects: abundant materials, sufficient natural elements and comfortable activity process.Finally, the research results are analyzed and discussed, including the conceptual cognitive characteristics of children's outdoor activities in kindergartens, the reasons for the popularity of outdoor activities, and the time of children's outdoor activities.In order to better meet the needs of outdoor activities of children, educational suggestions were put forward from four aspects: environment, materials, playmates and feelings.That is to create a material environment to meet the needs of children; to provide materials to meet the needs of children; to meet the needs of young children in outdoor communication; to pay attention to the activities of young children.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G613.7

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