本文關(guān)鍵詞： 幼兒教師 體育活動(dòng) 基本動(dòng)作 指導(dǎo)　出處：《四川師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,培養(yǎng)可愛睿智身心健康的孩子是家長們共同的心愿。健康領(lǐng)域中的體育活動(dòng)是幼兒一日生活中重要的教育活動(dòng),其中基本動(dòng)作的發(fā)展是體育活動(dòng)的重要內(nèi)容�；緞�(dòng)作的發(fā)展不僅能鍛煉幼兒的體格,增強(qiáng)幼兒的體質(zhì),還能幫助幼兒拓寬自身的視野,建立樂觀開朗的性格以及幫助其和同伴之間建立親密無間的友誼。因?yàn)橛變夯緞?dòng)作的發(fā)展是一個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)的過程,如果教師能夠從幼兒的最近發(fā)展區(qū)和動(dòng)作發(fā)展序列的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)其展開有針對(duì)性的指導(dǎo),找到健康教育中的核心經(jīng)驗(yàn),那么是可以幫助幼兒動(dòng)作的習(xí)得,促進(jìn)幼兒的身心健康。筆者通過在幼兒園實(shí)地觀察,發(fā)現(xiàn)教師在指導(dǎo)幼兒基本動(dòng)作中存在或多或少的問題,因此,本研究就聚焦于教師對(duì)幼兒基本動(dòng)作的指導(dǎo),探究目前幼兒教師對(duì)幼兒基本動(dòng)作指導(dǎo)中教師指導(dǎo)存在的問題,并分析教師存在問題的原因。筆者觀察了三個(gè)幼兒園中的60名教師,搜集的86個(gè)案例中共有42個(gè)關(guān)于7大基本動(dòng)作的有效案例,并對(duì)60名教師進(jìn)行半結(jié)構(gòu)化訪談。將觀察法,訪談法和案例分析法相結(jié)合,通過對(duì)案例的分析與整理,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)教師在動(dòng)作指導(dǎo)中的表現(xiàn)為:忽視針對(duì)動(dòng)作本身的指導(dǎo),更加重視安全的提示、規(guī)則的強(qiáng)調(diào)和人際交往的處理;動(dòng)作指導(dǎo)的內(nèi)容主要來源于體育教材、教師的日常經(jīng)驗(yàn)和對(duì)幼兒的觀察;不了解基本動(dòng)作的核心經(jīng)驗(yàn),指導(dǎo)中沒有結(jié)合幼兒的已有動(dòng)作水平、沒有按照動(dòng)作發(fā)展序列進(jìn)行、沒有考慮到幼兒動(dòng)作進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展方向;指導(dǎo)對(duì)象多指向集體幼兒;以民間傳統(tǒng)游戲?yàn)橹饕顒?dòng)形式以及指導(dǎo)中出現(xiàn)不具體的評(píng)價(jià)等等。本研究基于研究結(jié)論,本著真正的以幼兒為中心,從健康教育的角度出發(fā),提出了一些啟示與建議:第一、加強(qiáng)對(duì)幼兒基本動(dòng)作發(fā)展價(jià)值的認(rèn)識(shí);第二、注重幼兒健康領(lǐng)域核心知識(shí)的積累;第三、要提升自身的幼兒體育教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn);第四、注意使用有具體內(nèi)容的評(píng)價(jià)。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, it is the common wish of parents to cultivate children with lovely and wise physical and mental health. Sports activities in the field of health is an important educational activity in the children's life in 1st. The development of basic movements is an important part of sports activities. The development of basic movements can not only exercise children's physique, enhance children's physique, but also help children broaden their own vision. Build an optimistic and cheerful personality and help build a close friendship between them and their peers. This is because the development of children's basic movements is a gradual process. If teachers can guide children from their proximal development area and action development sequence to find the core experience in health education, it can help children to learn the action. Through field observation in kindergarten, the author finds that there are more or less problems in guiding children's basic actions. Therefore, this study focuses on teachers' guidance to children's basic actions. This paper probes into the problems existing in the teachers' guidance of preschool children's basic movements and analyzes the causes of the problems. The author observes 60 teachers in three kindergartens. A total of 42 effective cases of 7 basic actions were collected from 86 cases, and 60 teachers were interviewed with semi-structured interviews. The method of observation, interview and case analysis were combined. Through the analysis and arrangement of the cases, the author finds that the teachers' behavior in the action guidance is as follows: neglecting the instruction of the action itself, paying more attention to the hint of safety, emphasizing the rules and dealing with the interpersonal communication; The content of action guidance mainly comes from physical education textbooks, teachers' daily experience and observation of children. Do not understand the core experience of basic movements, the guidance did not combine the existing level of children's movements, did not follow the sequence of action development, did not take into account the further development direction of children's actions; Most of the guiding objects are directed towards the group children; Folk traditional games as the main form of activities and the guidance of non-specific evaluation and so on. This study based on the conclusions of the study in the true focus on young children from the point of view of health education. Some enlightenments and suggestions are put forward: first, to strengthen the understanding of the development value of children's basic actions; Second, pay attention to the accumulation of core knowledge in the field of infant health; Third, to promote their own experience in physical education; 4th, pay attention to the use of specific content of the evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G613.7

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