本文選題：推薦免試 + 制度變遷　； 參考：《四川師范大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國的碩士研究生推薦免試制度自建國初期創(chuàng)生以來,經(jīng)過60余年的發(fā)展,在不斷完善的同時也出現(xiàn)了一些問題。為了更好地認識推薦免試制度,本文以時間為脈絡,將推薦免試制度的變遷分為三個時期進行全景式梳理,呈現(xiàn)推薦免試制度變遷的事實面貌。在此基礎上,本文借用新制度經(jīng)濟學的制度變遷理論對推薦免試制度變遷中的主體、動因和變遷方式進行闡述,從而分析推薦免試制度存在問題的深層次原因。全文主要包括史實呈現(xiàn)和理論分析,共分六章: 第一章“導論”,包括選題的緣由與研究價值、核心概念界定、研究現(xiàn)狀、研究思路與研究方法。 第二章“我國碩士研究生推薦免試制度變遷的歷史軌跡”,將推薦免試制度的變遷分為探索期、發(fā)展期、調(diào)整期三個時期,通過史實呈現(xiàn)為本文的制度分析提供事實依據(jù)。 第三章“我國碩士研究生推薦免試制度變遷的主體”,對各個時期內(nèi)推動推薦免試制度變遷的主體進行分析,探尋他們推動推薦免試制度變遷的利益動機。 第四章“我國碩士研究生推薦免試制度變遷的動因”,對各個時期導致推薦免試制度變遷的原因進行分析,說明推薦免試制度的變遷是多種因素綜合作用的結(jié)果。 第五章“我國碩士研究生推薦免試制度變遷的方式”,綜合論述推薦免試制度確立60余年來的變遷方式,以期從宏觀上把握推薦免試制度變遷的軌跡。 第六章“我國碩士研究生推薦免試制度的現(xiàn)實與前瞻”,從制度變遷主體、制度變遷動因和制度變遷方式三個角度對推薦免試制度的現(xiàn)狀進行分析,并從制度層面對推薦免試制度改革進行合理前瞻。 本文認為,推薦免試制度的變遷是政府主導的包括高校、導師、考生在內(nèi)的行動者主體追求自我利益的過程,它受到政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、教育等多種因素的影響。到目前為止,推薦免試制度變遷的方式已經(jīng)從供給主導型轉(zhuǎn)向中間擴散型。在這種情況下,政府為了保障變革的有效、可控,采用試點推廣的漸進方式進行制度變遷。政府主導雖然可以使制度安排一步到位,但不利于發(fā)揮其他主體的積極性,從而導致推薦免試制度的安排不能完全切合實際需求;中間擴散型制度方式雖然能使制度安排有一定的調(diào)整余地,但也有可能給利益群體“尋租”和各種“搭便車”現(xiàn)象創(chuàng)造空間,甚至導致改革機制變形。 據(jù)此,筆者對推薦免試制度的改革提出了幾點構(gòu)想:首先,在弱化政府利益的基礎上逐步凸顯導師利益;其次,加強監(jiān)控機制建設,確保推薦免試制度自身設計的科學性和系統(tǒng)性;最后,政府從制度創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)域退出,促使推薦免試制度的變遷從中間擴散型向需求誘致型過渡。
[Abstract]:After more than 60 years' development, the system of recommending exemption from examination for graduate students in our country has appeared some problems at the same time of continuous improvement after more than 60 years of development since the founding of the country. In order to better understand the system of recommendation exemption, this paper divides the change of recommendation exemption system into three periods for a panoramic combing, and presents the fact appearance of the change of recommendation exemption system. On this basis, this paper uses the institutional change theory of the new institutional economics to explain the main body, the motivation and the vicissitudes of the recommended exemption system, so as to analyze the deep-seated causes of the problems in the recommendation exemption system. The full text mainly includes the historical facts presentation and the theory analysis, altogether divides into six chapters: The first chapter is introduction, including the reason and research value of the topic, the definition of core concept, the present research situation, the research thought and the research method. The second chapter is "the historical track of the change of the system of recommending exemption for graduate students of our country", which divides the vicissitude of the system into three periods: exploration period, development period and adjustment period, and provides the factual basis for the analysis of the system through the historical facts. The third chapter is "the subject of the change of the system of recommending exemption from examination for graduate students in our country". It analyzes the subjects who push forward the change of exemption system in each period, and probes into their interest motive of promoting the change of exemption system of recommendation. Chapter four, "the reasons of the change of the system of recommending exemption from examination for graduate students in China", analyzes the reasons that lead to the change of the system of exemption from examination in each period, and shows that the change of the system of recommending exemption from examination is the result of the comprehensive action of many factors. The fifth chapter is "the way of the change of the system of recommending the exemption from examination for the graduate students of our country". The sixth chapter, "the reality and prospect of the system of recommending exemption for graduate students in China", analyzes the present situation of the system from three angles: the main body of institutional change, the motivation of institutional change and the mode of institutional change. And from the system level to recommend the reform of the examination-free system for a reasonable prospect. This paper holds that the change of the system of recommendation exemption is the process of pursuing the self-interest of the actors, including universities, tutors and examinees, which is influenced by many factors, such as politics, economy, culture, education and so on. Up to now, the mode of recommended exemption system has changed from supply-oriented to intermediate-diffusive. In this case, in order to ensure the effectiveness and controllability of the change, the government adopts the gradual method of pilot promotion to carry out institutional changes. Although the government leading can make the system arrangement in one step, but it is not conducive to the enthusiasm of other subjects, thus leading to the arrangement of the recommended exemption system can not fully meet the actual needs; Although the intermediate diffusive institutional mode can make the institutional arrangement have some room for adjustment, it may also create space for the interest groups to "rent seeking" and various "hitchhiking" phenomena, and even lead to the transformation of the reform mechanism. On this basis, the author puts forward several ideas on the reform of the system of recommending exemption from examination: first, to gradually highlight the interests of mentors on the basis of weakening the interests of the government; secondly, to strengthen the construction of monitoring mechanism. Finally, the government withdrew from the field of institutional innovation to promote the transition from intermediate diffusion to demand inducement.
【學位授予單位】：四川師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：G643

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