本文選題：初中生 + 親子溝通　； 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：青少年時(shí)期是個(gè)體由不成熟向成熟過渡的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,青少年的身體及自我意識迅速發(fā)展,產(chǎn)生“成人感”,要求獨(dú)立自主,但是一些父母依然把他們當(dāng)兒童看待。這樣,青少年與父母之間就比較容易產(chǎn)生摩擦,導(dǎo)致親子沖突。研究表明,目前我國初中生親子溝通現(xiàn)狀并不理想,存在溝通頻率低且質(zhì)量差的現(xiàn)象,嚴(yán)重阻礙了一些青少年的健康成長,影響其家庭和諧,不利于社會穩(wěn)定。本研究旨在通過實(shí)驗(yàn)研究驗(yàn)證TA技術(shù)對我國初中生親子溝通的干預(yù)效果,以探索一種有效且易于被人們所掌握的親子溝通方法。本研究對緩解我國青少年與其父母的沖突、促進(jìn)青少年的健康成長、維護(hù)其家庭和諧與社會穩(wěn)定具有重要意義。 研究1利用青少年親子溝通心理問卷(PACT)對277名初中生的親子溝通狀況進(jìn)行了調(diào)查；研究2篩選存在親子溝通不良狀況的初中生及其家長18對,分為實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對照組。實(shí)驗(yàn)組接受了為期四周共計(jì)十六小時(shí)的TA團(tuán)體心理輔導(dǎo),并在實(shí)驗(yàn)干預(yù)結(jié)束三個(gè)月后進(jìn)行追蹤測試；研究3選擇一個(gè)家庭進(jìn)行了TA個(gè)案輔導(dǎo)。 結(jié)果如下： (1)親子溝通在性別、年級、是否獨(dú)生子女、家庭所在地、父母角色等變量上存在差異性,表現(xiàn)為：初中生與母親的溝通要好于與父親的溝通；女生與母親的溝通要好于男生與母親的溝通；親子溝通狀況隨年級升高而逐漸下降；獨(dú)生子女在整體及能力維度要好于非獨(dú)生子女,非獨(dú)生子女在動力維度要強(qiáng)于獨(dú)生子女；在參與傾向性、情感需要、理解、溝通靈活性以及動力維度和總分上,農(nóng)村初中生顯著高于城市學(xué)生；而在輕松感和積極傾聽上,城市初中生要顯著高于農(nóng)村初中生。 (2)親子溝通團(tuán)體心理輔導(dǎo)顯著改善了親子溝通的輕松感、積極傾聽以及開放的表達(dá)。TA團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)對改善初中生的親子溝通狀況是有效的。 (3)三個(gè)月后親子溝通在輕松感、積極傾聽以及開放的表達(dá)等維度上的變化依然顯著,表明針對親子溝通狀況不良所設(shè)計(jì)的TA團(tuán)體心理輔導(dǎo)方案對于改善初中生的親子溝通具有持續(xù)性的效果。 (4)TA個(gè)案輔導(dǎo)也被證實(shí)對改善初中生親子溝通具有良好效果。 結(jié)論：TA對改善初中生親子溝通作用顯著,效果肯定。
[Abstract]:Adolescence is the key period of individual transition from immaturity to maturity. The body and self-consciousness of teenagers develop rapidly, which produces "adult sense" and requires independence, but some parents still treat them as children. In this way, adolescents and parents are more prone to friction, leading to parent-child conflict. The research shows that the present situation of parent-child communication among junior high school students in China is not ideal, and the phenomenon of low communication frequency and poor quality seriously hinders the healthy growth of some teenagers, affects their family harmony, and is not conducive to social stability. The purpose of this study was to verify the intervention effect of TA technology on parent-child communication among junior high school students in China, so as to explore an effective and easily grasped method of parent-child communication. This study is of great significance in alleviating the conflict between Chinese teenagers and their parents, promoting their healthy growth, and maintaining their family harmony and social stability. Study 1 investigated 277 junior high school students' parent-child communication status by using the Parent-Child Communication Psychological questionnaire (pact), and 2 selected 18 pairs of junior high school students and their parents with poor parent-child communication, which were divided into two groups: experimental group and control group. The experimental group received a total of 16 hours of psychological counseling for a total of four weeks, followed by follow-up tests three months after the end of the experimental intervention; study 3 selected a family for TA case counseling. The results are as follows: (1) Parent-child communication is different in gender, grade, only child, location of family, role of parents, and so on, which shows that communication between junior high school students and mother is better than that with father; The communication between girls and mothers is better than that between boys and mothers; the communication between parents and children decreases gradually with the increase of grade; the only child is better than the non-only child in the overall and ability dimensions, and the non-only child is stronger than the only child in the dynamic dimension. Rural junior middle school students were significantly higher than urban students in terms of participation orientation, emotional needs, understanding, communication flexibility, motivation dimensions and total scores, while in terms of ease and active listening, rural junior high school students were significantly higher than urban students. Urban junior high school students were significantly higher than rural junior high school students. 2) Parent-child communication group counseling significantly improved the ease of parent-child communication. Positive listening and open expression. TA group counseling is effective in improving parent-child communication of junior high school students. 3) after 3 months, the changes in the dimensions of parent-child communication, positive listening and open expression are still significant. The results showed that the TA group psychological counseling program designed for poor parent-child communication had a sustained effect on improving parent-child communication of junior high school students, and the case counseling was also proved to have a good effect on improving parent-child communication among junior high school students. ConclusionThe effect of% TA on improving parent-child communication of junior high school students is significant and positive.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：B844.2

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