【摘要】：撤點(diǎn)并校是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)教育資源的優(yōu)化配置,促進(jìn)教育公平及均衡發(fā)展,讓更多的農(nóng)村學(xué)生也能享受到更為優(yōu)質(zhì)的教育,作者以墾利縣農(nóng)村小學(xué)學(xué)校體育為研究對(duì)象,通過比較該政策實(shí)施前后墾利縣農(nóng)村小學(xué)學(xué)校體育有怎樣的變化,反思該政策對(duì)墾利縣農(nóng)村小學(xué)學(xué)校體育的利與弊。本文運(yùn)用了文獻(xiàn)資料法、問卷調(diào)查法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)、訪談等方法,對(duì)墾利縣城市化背景下農(nóng)村小學(xué)體育發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行調(diào)查與研究,結(jié)論如下：1.墾利縣教育部門響應(yīng)國(guó)家政策,對(duì)危校進(jìn)行了合理的撤并,但暫時(shí)不考慮寄宿制學(xué)校的建立。墾利縣農(nóng)村小學(xué)經(jīng)過近二十年的撤點(diǎn)并校發(fā)展,從1997年的260所減少到2014年的29所,在作者所抽取的樣本學(xué)校中,合并學(xué)校數(shù)量最多的達(dá)到了15所。2.撤點(diǎn)并校后：學(xué)生上學(xué)路途變遠(yuǎn),增加了家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)、家長(zhǎng)的勞動(dòng)負(fù)擔(dān)和心理負(fù)擔(dān)；所調(diào)查的12所學(xué)校,失業(yè)體育教師的數(shù)量是54,有工作調(diào)動(dòng)的體育教師的數(shù)量是24；體育教師周課時(shí)量與規(guī)定小學(xué)體育教師的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作量16節(jié)相比,達(dá)標(biāo)率提高。3.撤點(diǎn)并校后,學(xué)校人均活動(dòng)場(chǎng)地面積呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì),運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)地不能滿足體育課上課需求。4.學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)對(duì)體育課重視程度不高。家庭對(duì)學(xué)生體育鍛煉方面的投入不足。5.撤點(diǎn)并校后教師資源重新整合,女教師比例偏低；體育教師隊(duì)伍的年齡結(jié)構(gòu)趨于年輕化,能更好的將精力和時(shí)間投入到教學(xué)上來；體育教師的學(xué)歷均達(dá)到了《中華人民共和國(guó)教師法》要求；專職體育教師的人數(shù)增多、比例提高,體育教師隊(duì)伍得到了優(yōu)化重組,整體質(zhì)量得到提高；6.撤點(diǎn)并校后體育課被擠占情況、大課間體育活動(dòng)開展情況都有所改善；課外體育活動(dòng)時(shí)間有所增加；體育課在教學(xué)目標(biāo)的制定和教學(xué)內(nèi)容的選擇方面有了顯著的改善,且教學(xué)目標(biāo)的執(zhí)行情況和教學(xué)內(nèi)容的完成情況比較理想。
[Abstract]:In order to optimize the allocation of educational resources, promote the equitable and balanced development of education, and make more rural students enjoy higher quality education, the author takes the physical education of primary schools in Kenli County as the research object. By comparing the changes of school physical education in the rural primary schools of Kenli County before and after the implementation of the policy, the advantages and disadvantages of the policy on the physical education of the primary schools in the rural areas of Kenli County were reconsidered. In this paper, literature, questionnaire, mathematical statistics, interviews and other methods are used to investigate and study the present situation of physical education development in rural primary schools under the background of urbanization in Kenli County. The conclusions are as follows: 1. In response to the national policy, the education department of Kenli County abolished and merged the dangerous schools reasonably, but did not consider the establishment of boarding schools for the time being. In Kenli County, the number of primary schools in rural areas decreased from 260 in 1997 to 29 in 2014 after nearly two decades of withdrawal and development. Among the sample schools taken by the author, the number of combined schools reached 15. 2. The number of unemployed PE teachers in 12 schools investigated was 54, and the number of PE teachers with job transfer was 24. Compared with the standard workload of primary school physical education teachers, the weekly class hours of PE teachers increased by 3. 3%. After withdrawing points and schools, the per capita activity area of the school showed a downward trend, sports venues can not meet the physical education class needs. 4. 4. School leaders, parents of students pay less attention to physical education. The family is not enough to invest in the students' physical exercise. 5. The proportion of female teachers is on the low side, the age structure of PE teachers tends to be younger and can better devote energy and time to teaching; The number and proportion of full-time PE teachers have increased, the PE teachers have been optimized and reorganized, and the overall quality of PE teachers has been improved. 6. The physical education class was crowded out after the withdrawal of the school, and the sports activities during the large class were improved, and the extracurricular sports activities time increased. Physical education has significantly improved the formulation of teaching objectives and the selection of teaching contents, and the implementation of teaching objectives and the completion of teaching contents are quite ideal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G623.8

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