【摘要】：緬甸華文教育經(jīng)歷了四個時期,有過鼎盛,也有過衰落,特別是在國有化的冬眠時期,以仰光為中心的緬南地區(qū)經(jīng)歷了三十年的華文教育的斷層,加上之后的同化政策的實施導(dǎo)致了以前的華僑教育向現(xiàn)在的華文教育的轉(zhuǎn)變,主要表現(xiàn)在教學(xué)對象具有了多語的語言文化背景,因此致使緬甸的華文教育由傳統(tǒng)的母語教學(xué)到第二語言教學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)變。這就使得緬甸的華文教學(xué)中具有同樣地位的語言學(xué)習(xí)和文化教學(xué)必須要考慮第二語言學(xué)習(xí)者的特點,結(jié)合華文教育的目的來定位華文教學(xué)課程的性質(zhì)。筆者所在的緬甸仰光東方孔子課堂是具有第二語言教學(xué)性質(zhì)的華校,屬于基礎(chǔ)教育階段學(xué)歷教育,學(xué)校注重漢語的教授和學(xué)習(xí),也注重文化的學(xué)習(xí)和傳播,特別是對小學(xué)生而言,其中書法是小學(xué)生的必修的課程,其一,是因為本校沒有獨立的漢字教學(xué)課程,其二,是因為文化學(xué)習(xí)是華文教育的一個傳統(tǒng)的目標,而書法也是文化的一部分,更有助于素質(zhì)教育。本文在華文教育新變化的基礎(chǔ)上,對緬甸語言與商業(yè)中心孔子課堂小學(xué)階段開設(shè)的文化課——書法課程進行研究和分析,全文分為五個部分:緒論、書法教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀及存在問題、課堂教學(xué)案例及分析、書法教學(xué)的策略、結(jié)語。但由于緬甸的華文教育并沒有納入國民教育體系,得不到政府政策的支持,普遍呈現(xiàn)了師資力量薄弱、教學(xué)設(shè)施落后、教材缺乏的現(xiàn)象,再加上新時期華文教育的變化,東方孔子課堂書法教學(xué)面臨了一些問題。而本文通過研究當(dāng)代華文教育的內(nèi)涵,給予東方孔子課堂的書法教學(xué)以定位——具有第二語言教學(xué)特點的書法教學(xué),并在此基礎(chǔ)上對緬甸東方孔子課堂書法教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀進行研究和分析,總結(jié)緬甸東方孔子課堂書法教學(xué)在新時期下所面臨的問題,對緬甸東方孔子課堂書法教學(xué)的出路給一些建設(shè)性的意見,希望在未來給在緬甸的書法教學(xué)提供一些支持和幫助。
[Abstract]:Myanmar's Chinese language education has experienced four periods, including its peak and decline. Especially during the hibernation of nationalization, the Yangon centered area of southern Myanmar has experienced a fault of Chinese education for 30 years. In addition, the implementation of the assimilation policy has led to the transformation of the former overseas Chinese education to the present Chinese language education, which is mainly manifested in the fact that the teaching objects have a multi-lingual language and cultural background. As a result, Myanmar's Chinese education has changed from traditional mother-tongue teaching to second language teaching. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the characteristics of the second language learners and to define the nature of the Chinese language teaching curriculum in Myanmar, which has the same status in language learning and culture teaching. The oriental Confucius classroom in Yangon, Myanmar, is a Chinese school with the nature of second language teaching. It belongs to the education of academic qualifications in the basic education stage. The school pays attention to the teaching and learning of Chinese, and also to the study and dissemination of culture. Especially for primary school students, calligraphy is a compulsory course for primary school students. One is because there is no independent Chinese character teaching course in our school, and the other is because cultural learning is a traditional goal of Chinese language education. Calligraphy is also a part of culture, more conducive to quality education. On the basis of the new changes in Chinese language education, this paper studies and analyzes the calligraphy course, a cultural course offered in Confucius Primary School in Myanmar's language and Business Center, which is divided into five parts: introduction. The present situation and existing problems of calligraphy teaching, classroom teaching cases and analysis, calligraphy teaching strategies, conclusion. However, due to the fact that Myanmar's Chinese language education has not been incorporated into the national education system and has not been supported by government policies, the phenomenon of weak teachers, backward teaching facilities, and a shortage of teaching materials, as well as the changes in Chinese language education in the new era, are common. There are some problems in the teaching of calligraphy in the classroom of Confucius in the Orient. By studying the connotation of contemporary Chinese language education, this paper aims to give the calligraphy teaching in the classroom of Confucius in the Orient the orientation of calligraphy teaching, which has the characteristics of second language teaching. On the basis of this, this paper studies and analyzes the present situation of the calligraphy teaching in the classroom of Confucius in the East of Myanmar, and summarizes the problems faced by the calligraphy teaching in the classroom of Confucius in the East of Myanmar in the new period. This paper gives some constructive suggestions on the way out of the classroom calligraphy teaching of Confucius in the East of Myanmar and hopes to provide some support and help to the calligraphy teaching in Myanmar in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G623.2

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