【摘要】：目的：本研究針對(duì)單純性肥胖小學(xué)生實(shí)施課外體育鍛煉的運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù),以探索“小力量結(jié)合有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)”對(duì)單純性肥胖小學(xué)生身體形態(tài)、身體機(jī)能和身體素質(zhì)是否有影響,為超重和肥胖小學(xué)生改善身體肥胖狀況、增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)提供有力的實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù),并為學(xué)校體育在增強(qiáng)肥胖小學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康的作用提供參考。方法：本研究以揚(yáng)州市某小學(xué)五年級(jí)肥胖男生為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,按照自愿原則隨機(jī)分為肥胖對(duì)照組14人和肥胖運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù)組20人。運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù)前統(tǒng)一測(cè)試其身體形態(tài)(身高、體重、身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)BMI、體脂率、腰圍、臀圍)、身體機(jī)能(肺活量和肺活量體重指數(shù))、身體素質(zhì)(50米跑、50*8往返跑、1min跳繩)。12周“小力量結(jié)合有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)”干預(yù)后再同樣測(cè)量以上體質(zhì)健康指標(biāo),并對(duì)干預(yù)前后的體質(zhì)健康數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果： (1)揚(yáng)州市某小學(xué)男生超重和肥胖率為19.25%、女生超重和肥胖率為13.2%,男生超重和肥胖較女生多。 (2)與正常體重學(xué)生相比,肥胖學(xué)生平均身高、體重和身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)BMI值均非常顯著性高于正常體重學(xué)生(p0.01)；肥胖學(xué)生肺活量與正常體重組無(wú)顯著性差異(p0.05),但肺活量體重指數(shù)非常顯著性低于正常體重組(p0.01)；肥胖學(xué)生50米跑、50*8往返跑和1min仰臥起坐成績(jī)均非常顯著性低于正常體重學(xué)生(p0.01),1min跳繩肥胖學(xué)生也顯著性少于正常體重組(p0.05),坐位體前屈成績(jī)與正常體重學(xué)生沒(méi)有顯著性差異(p0.05)。(3)揚(yáng)州市某小學(xué)五年級(jí)肥胖男生運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù)前后的結(jié)果顯示,與干預(yù)前相比,12周運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù)后,肥胖干預(yù)組男生的體重、BMI值、腰圍、臀圍、腰臀圍比和體脂率都有非常顯著性減小(p0.01)；肺活量和肺活量體重指數(shù)也非常顯著性差異增加(p0.01)；50米跑和1min跳繩成績(jī)也都有顯著性提高(p0.05),50*8往返跑成績(jī)干預(yù)后有提高,但沒(méi)有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)顯著性(p0.05)。結(jié)論： (1)揚(yáng)州市某小學(xué)學(xué)生超重和肥胖率較高,且隨著年級(jí)的增長(zhǎng),超重和肥胖的比率也增加,肥胖學(xué)生除了平均身高比正常體重學(xué)生高以外,身體機(jī)能、身體素質(zhì)普遍比正常學(xué)生差,特別是身體機(jī)能中的肺活量體重指數(shù)和身體素質(zhì)中的爆發(fā)力、速度耐力性項(xiàng)目表現(xiàn)的尤為明顯。 (2)12周課外體育鍛煉可以有效地降低肥胖學(xué)生的體重和體脂,改善肥胖小學(xué)生的身體形態(tài)；同時(shí)有效增強(qiáng)了肥胖學(xué)生的肺活量,提高了肥胖學(xué)生速度、力量和耐力等身體素質(zhì)水平。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the effect of "small strength combined with aerobic exercise" on the body shape, body function and physical quality of simple obese pupils by taking extracurricular physical exercise intervention in order to explore whether "small strength combined with aerobic exercise" has influence on the body shape, body function and physical quality of the pupils with simple obesity. It provides a powerful experimental basis for the overweight and obese pupils to improve the status of obesity and strengthen their physique, and provides a reference for the role of school physical education in enhancing the physical health of obese pupils. Methods: obesity boys were randomly divided into obesity control group (n = 14) and obese exercise intervention group (n = 20) according to voluntary principle. The body shape (height, body weight, body mass index (BMI,), waist circumference, hip circumference), body function (vital capacity and vital capacity body mass index), physical fitness (50m running, 50m running), body mass index (BVI), body mass index (BMI), body fat rate, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured before exercise intervention. After 12 weeks of "small strength combined with aerobic exercise" intervention, the above physical health indexes were also measured, and the physical health data before and after the intervention were statistically analyzed. Results: (1) the rate of overweight and obesity was 19.25 for boys and 13.2for girls in a primary school in Yangzhou. There were more overweight and obesity in boys than in girls. (2) compared with normal weight students, the average height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of obese students were significantly higher than those of normal weight students (p0.01); There was no significant difference in vital capacity between obese students and normal weight group (p0.05), but the vital capacity body mass index was significantly lower than that of normal weight group (p0.01). The scores of 50 meters running, 50 + 8 round trip and 1min sit-ups of obese students were significantly lower than those of normal weight students (p0.01), and those of obese students with 1min skipping were significantly lower than those of normal weight group (p0.05). There was no significant difference between sitting position and normal body weight students (p0. 05). (3). The results before and after exercise intervention of obese boys in a fifth grade primary school in Yangzhou showed that after 12 weeks exercise intervention, there was no significant difference between before and after intervention. The body weight, BMI value, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio and body fat rate were significantly decreased in obesity intervention group (p0.01). Vital capacity and vital capacity body mass index also increased significantly (p0.01). The results of 50m race and 1min rope skipping were also significantly improved (p0.05), but not statistically significant (p0.05). Conclusion: (1) the rate of overweight and obesity is higher in some primary school students in Yangzhou, and with the increase of grade, the ratio of overweight and obesity also increases. In addition to average height higher than normal weight students, obese students have physical function. The physical quality of students is generally worse than that of normal students, especially the vital capacity, body mass index and explosive power in physical function, especially in speed endurance. (2) physical exercise after 12 weeks of extracurricular exercise can effectively reduce the weight and body fat of obese students and improve the body shape of obese pupils; At the same time, it can effectively enhance the vital capacity of obese students, and improve the physical quality of obese students, such as speed, strength and endurance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G623.8

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