【摘要】：教育在一個(gè)國(guó)家的發(fā)展中起著極其重要的作用,教師作為教育系統(tǒng)中關(guān)鍵的一環(huán),肩負(fù)的責(zé)任和挑戰(zhàn)都極為重大。小學(xué)作為我國(guó)教育最基礎(chǔ)的組成部分,其教師更是面臨各種壓力。久壓之下,教師的心理生理不同程度的受到損害,“職業(yè)倦怠”現(xiàn)象開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)。這一現(xiàn)象不僅影響了教師的工作和生活,同時(shí)阻礙了我國(guó)教育事業(yè)的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展。本文通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)研究等方法,首先對(duì)職業(yè)倦怠相關(guān)理論及測(cè)量方法進(jìn)行概述。然后運(yùn)用實(shí)證分析,用調(diào)查問(wèn)卷的方法調(diào)查青島市市區(qū)三所小學(xué)教師職業(yè)倦怠的情況,得出教師群體存在倦怠但情況并不嚴(yán)重的結(jié)論。后根據(jù)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行原因分析。本文認(rèn)為導(dǎo)致教師產(chǎn)生職業(yè)倦怠的原因有以下幾點(diǎn),首先,社會(huì)方面有教師認(rèn)可度不高、社會(huì)期望過(guò)大、市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的負(fù)面影響以及知識(shí)激增的原因。學(xué)校方面有教師負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重、管理機(jī)制官僚化繁瑣化、考核評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)單一以及缺乏職業(yè)培訓(xùn)和成長(zhǎng)空間的原因。教師自身方面,性格特性、對(duì)自身期望過(guò)高、社會(huì)關(guān)系不和諧以及教師多重身份和角色也是導(dǎo)致教師產(chǎn)生職業(yè)倦怠的重要原因。針對(duì)上述原因,本文提出如下緩解措施:首先,提高教師社會(huì)地位,倡導(dǎo)尊師重教之風(fēng);其次,維護(hù)教師利益,推動(dòng)教育改革;再次,改進(jìn)學(xué)校管理,優(yōu)化激勵(lì)措施;最后,重視教師職業(yè)規(guī)劃,有效緩解職業(yè)壓力。
[Abstract]:Education plays an extremely important role in the development of a country. As a key part of the education system, teachers shoulder great responsibilities and challenges. Primary school as the most basic part of our education, its teachers are facing various pressures. Under the pressure of a long time, the teacher's psychophysiology is damaged to varying degrees, and the phenomenon of "job burnout" begins to appear. This phenomenon not only affects the work and life of teachers, but also hinders the long-term development of education in our country. Through literature research and other methods, this paper first summarizes the theory and measurement methods of job burnout. Then using the empirical analysis and questionnaire method to investigate the situation of teachers' job burnout in three primary schools in Qingdao city and draw the conclusion that the teachers' group exists burnout but the situation is not serious. Then according to the survey data for cause analysis. This paper argues that the causes of teachers' job burnout are as follows: first of all, there are reasons for teachers' low recognition, excessive social expectations, negative effects of market economy and knowledge explosion in society. There are some reasons for the overburden of teachers, the bureaucracy of management mechanism, the single evaluation index and the lack of vocational training and growth space. Teachers themselves, personality characteristics, high expectations of themselves, disharmony in social relations and teachers' multiple identities and roles are also the important causes of teachers' job burnout. In view of the above reasons, this paper puts forward the following mitigation measures: first, to improve the social status of teachers, advocate respect for teachers, second, to safeguard the interests of teachers, to promote educational reform; thirdly, to improve school management and optimize incentives; Finally, pay attention to the teacher's career planning, effectively alleviate the occupational pressure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G625.1

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