【摘要】：“人生讀書(shū)識(shí)字始”。識(shí)字的重要性自不必多言,教學(xué)領(lǐng)域的識(shí)字法亦是“花開(kāi)百家”呈欣欣向榮之勢(shì)。識(shí)字這最基本的活動(dòng),并非簡(jiǎn)單輕松,而是艱難和繁雜。有言道,語(yǔ)言是聽(tīng)覺(jué)的,文字是視覺(jué)的。文字的本質(zhì)是字形,語(yǔ)言的本質(zhì)是語(yǔ)音,文字以“形”示“義”,語(yǔ)言以“音”示“義”。字源識(shí)字抓住了文字的本質(zhì),凸顯以“形”示“義”。字源識(shí)字教學(xué)方面的相關(guān)研究頗多,涉及面廣。主要運(yùn)用實(shí)驗(yàn)法驗(yàn)證字源識(shí)字教學(xué)的可行性和科學(xué)性。本研究利用參與式觀察了解小學(xué)低段識(shí)字現(xiàn)狀并發(fā)現(xiàn)小學(xué)低段識(shí)字教學(xué)過(guò)程文化缺位問(wèn)題,由此,制定行動(dòng)方案,進(jìn)行行動(dòng)研究。行動(dòng)研究的兩個(gè)階段,合作式與獨(dú)立行動(dòng)研究是一個(gè)螺旋式加深的發(fā)展過(guò)程,每一個(gè)螺旋發(fā)展圈又都包括計(jì)劃、行動(dòng)、觀察、反思等四個(gè)相互聯(lián)系、相互依賴的基本環(huán)節(jié)。探究在成體系的課堂教學(xué)中,通過(guò)字源識(shí)字教學(xué),以察學(xué)生對(duì)漢字文化了解的效果和不足。最后從字源識(shí)字的整個(gè)運(yùn)行系統(tǒng)視角,提出相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)策略,具體形式有：完善相應(yīng)的成系統(tǒng)的字源識(shí)字資料并創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂；開(kāi)發(fā)相應(yīng)的學(xué)生、家長(zhǎng)字源識(shí)字讀本；編制字源識(shí)字相關(guān)課堂游戲；字源講解度應(yīng)適合小學(xué)生認(rèn)知程度。研究結(jié)論顯示,應(yīng)物象形,以形顯義是字源識(shí)字顯而易見(jiàn)的優(yōu)勢(shì),這種優(yōu)勢(shì)體現(xiàn)在教學(xué)中即為,“音、形、義”結(jié)合,有效吸引學(xué)生注意力；“形、義”相行,促進(jìn)學(xué)生識(shí)字有效遷移；字根為本,識(shí)字效果顯著；有效識(shí)別字形,對(duì)字形的文化內(nèi)涵認(rèn)知及字義理解不明顯。而對(duì)字源識(shí)字能否促進(jìn)漢字書(shū)寫(xiě)則有待于進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:The beginning of Reading and Literacy in Life. The importance of literacy needless to say, the teaching field of literacy is also "spend a hundred schools" is thriving trend. Literacy, the most basic activity, is not simple and easy, but difficult and complicated. It is said that language is auditory and words are visual. The essence of text is font, the essence of language is phonetic, the character shows meaning with form, and language signifies meaning with sound. The character-source literacy grasps the essence of the character and highlights the meaning with the form. There are a lot of related studies in the teaching of character-based literacy, covering a wide range of areas. This paper mainly uses the experimental method to verify the feasibility and scientific nature of character-source literacy teaching. In this study, participatory observation was used to understand the present situation of low level literacy in primary schools and to find out the problem of cultural deficiency in the teaching process of low level literacy in primary schools, so as to formulate a plan of action and carry out a study of action. In the two stages of action research, cooperative and independent action research is a spiral deepening development process. Each spiral development circle includes four interrelated and interdependent basic links: plan, action, observation and reflection. In order to find out the effect and deficiency of students' understanding of Chinese character culture, this paper probes into the teaching of character-based literacy in systematic classroom teaching. Finally, from the perspective of the whole operating system of word source literacy, the corresponding improvement strategies are put forward in the following forms: perfecting the corresponding systematic character source literacy materials and creating the network classroom, developing the corresponding students and parents' character source literacy reading books; To compile the class games related to word source literacy, the explanation degree of word source should be suitable for pupils' cognitive level. The conclusion of the study shows that the obvious advantage of the character source literacy is to apply the form to the pictograph and to show the meaning in the form. This advantage is reflected in the teaching, that is, the combination of "sound, form and meaning", which can effectively attract the students' attention, and the "form, meaning" line. Promote students' effective transfer of literacy; root based, literacy effect is significant; effective recognition of glyph, the understanding of cultural connotation and meaning of font is not obvious. But whether the character source literacy can promote the Chinese character writing needs to be further verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G623.22

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