【摘要】：水墨畫是中華民族傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)的主體,在中國(guó)有著悠久的歷史和優(yōu)良而深厚的文化傳統(tǒng),兒童肩負(fù)著傳承和發(fā)展傳統(tǒng)文化的重任,他們是國(guó)家的未來,兒童從小學(xué)習(xí)水墨畫對(duì)他們興趣的培養(yǎng)具有重要意義。傳統(tǒng)水墨畫扼殺了兒童繪畫天真爛漫的情趣和靈性,主要因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)水墨畫多以臨摹為主。因此,我們要改革教學(xué)方式,在水墨畫教學(xué)中要以興趣的培養(yǎng)為主。小學(xué)美術(shù)課本中出現(xiàn)的水墨畫課程已不再是傳統(tǒng)意義上的傳統(tǒng)教學(xué),更不可能也不應(yīng)是成人水墨畫技法的傳授教學(xué)。涂鴉式水墨畫教學(xué)能夠激發(fā)兒童學(xué)習(xí)水墨畫的興趣,對(duì)兒童的身心完善具有一定的促進(jìn)作用,可以提高兒童在繪畫過程中的自信心。小學(xué)美術(shù)水墨畫教學(xué)不應(yīng)該采用傳統(tǒng)的水墨畫教學(xué)模式,更不能以成人水墨畫技法傳授教學(xué)。在教學(xué)過程中要發(fā)展和張揚(yáng)兒童的個(gè)性,畫出他們心中所想,從而讓學(xué)生更廣泛的了解美術(shù)、提高審美能力,根據(jù)6-9歲兒童心理特征,兒童天性愛玩,喜歡涂涂畫畫,我們要遵循兒童的天性,傳統(tǒng)的水墨畫教學(xué)對(duì)于兒童來說有些難度,兒童一筆畫下去可能什么都不是,從而會(huì)產(chǎn)生挫敗感,失去對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)水墨畫的興趣。然而涂鴉式水墨畫教學(xué)符合6-9歲兒童的心理特征,兒童可以自由的畫畫,能夠充分發(fā)揮兒童的主觀能動(dòng)性,提高學(xué)生的自信心,可以有效的提高兒童學(xué)習(xí)水墨畫的興趣。近年來,水墨畫逐漸被引入小學(xué)美術(shù)教學(xué)課程之中,由于其用筆、調(diào)色及對(duì)水分等的掌握要求都非常高,只限于在小學(xué)高年級(jí)進(jìn)行傳授教學(xué),而忽視了在小學(xué)低年級(jí)組織教學(xué)。水墨畫教學(xué)仍然是小學(xué)美術(shù)教學(xué)中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。而且,水墨畫教學(xué)采取的教學(xué)手段一直是臨摹,學(xué)生沒有想象、創(chuàng)造的空間,面對(duì)的是枯燥的臨摹,從而學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情逐漸冷卻,興趣大減。然而只有涂鴉式的水墨畫教學(xué)才能充分發(fā)揮兒童的繪畫潛力,從而讓兒童真正的喜歡上中國(guó)水墨畫。
[Abstract]:Chinese ink painting is the main body of Chinese traditional art, has a long history and fine and profound cultural tradition in China, children shoulder the burden of inheriting and developing traditional culture, they are the future of the country. It is of great significance for children to learn ink painting from an early age. Traditional ink painting stifles the innocent taste and spirituality of children's painting, mainly because the traditional ink painting is mainly copying. Therefore, we should reform the teaching method, in the teaching of ink painting should focus on the cultivation of interest. The curriculum of ink painting in primary school art textbooks is no longer the traditional teaching in the traditional sense, nor is it possible and should not be the imparting of the techniques of adult ink painting. Graffiti ink painting teaching can stimulate children's interest in learning ink painting, promote the improvement of children's body and mind, and improve children's self-confidence in painting process. Traditional Chinese ink painting teaching mode should not be adopted in the teaching of art and ink painting in primary school, nor can it be taught by the technique of adult ink painting. In the course of teaching, we should develop and publicize children's personality, draw out what they think in their hearts, so that students can have a wider understanding of fine arts and improve their aesthetic ability. According to the psychological characteristics of children aged 6-9, children are naturally fond of playing and like painting and painting. We should follow the nature of children, the traditional teaching of ink painting is difficult for children, a child painting may be nothing, resulting in frustration, lost interest in the study of ink painting. However, graffiti ink painting teaching conforms to the psychological characteristics of children aged 6-9, children can draw freely, can give full play to the subjective initiative of children, improve the self-confidence of students, can effectively improve the interest of children to learn ink painting. In recent years, ink painting has been gradually introduced into the art teaching curriculum of primary school. Because of its very high requirements for the mastery of pen, toning and moisture, it is limited to teaching in the senior grade of primary school, but neglects the organization of teaching in the lower grade of primary school. Ink painting teaching is still a weak link in art teaching in primary schools. Moreover, the teaching method of ink painting teaching has always been copying, students have no imagination, create space, face is boring copy, so the students' enthusiasm for learning gradually cooled, interest greatly reduced. However, only graffiti teaching can give full play to children's painting potential, so that children really like Chinese ink painting.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G623.75

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