本文選題：小學(xué)全科師范生 + 全科師范生　； 參考：《重慶師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)農(nóng)村居住分散,使得農(nóng)村小學(xué)規(guī)模小,教學(xué)點(diǎn)多,尤其是中西部地區(qū),隨著農(nóng)村人口的銳減,學(xué)校生源也直線下降,許多學(xué)校不得不采取“小班化”的教學(xué)組織形式。另一方面,農(nóng)村小學(xué)教師缺乏,結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,許多教師“被全科”。因此,為了解決農(nóng)村地區(qū)師資短缺的問(wèn)題,尤其是音體美等小學(xué)科專業(yè)師資短缺問(wèn)題,2014年,教育部頒布了《關(guān)于實(shí)施卓越教師培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃的意見(jiàn)》,根據(jù)農(nóng)村小學(xué)教育的實(shí)際情況,提出了重點(diǎn)探索小學(xué)全科教師培養(yǎng)模式。在這一背景下,小學(xué)全科師范生被定位為全能教師,高校按照“一專多能”的模式開(kāi)始培養(yǎng)小學(xué)全科教師。免費(fèi)定向小學(xué)全科師范生的培養(yǎng)有利于從根本上解決農(nóng)村邊遠(yuǎn)學(xué)校教師短缺問(wèn)題,推進(jìn)我市城鄉(xiāng)教育均衡發(fā)展,對(duì)于進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化農(nóng)村教師隊(duì)伍結(jié)構(gòu),提高農(nóng)村教育質(zhì)量具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和理論意義。通過(guò)調(diào)查,本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)小學(xué)全科師范生的教師信念總體較好,具體來(lái)說(shuō),小學(xué)全科師范生的教師信念在性別上的差異極其顯著,各年級(jí)的教師信念總分在組間存在較為顯著差異,家庭年收入不同的小學(xué)全科師范生的職業(yè)意志存在較為顯著的差異。其次,定向小學(xué)全科師范生在是否為獨(dú)生子女、生源地、定向服務(wù)區(qū)縣這三個(gè)領(lǐng)域不存在顯著差異,而導(dǎo)致這些現(xiàn)狀的原因主要有內(nèi)在因素和外在因素,其中內(nèi)因包括個(gè)人的個(gè)性、興趣、能力等,外因主要有社會(huì)、家庭、學(xué)校、教育政策等。針對(duì)小學(xué)全科師范生培養(yǎng)的現(xiàn)狀和影響因素的分析,政府管理部門要修訂培養(yǎng)政策為全科師范生發(fā)展提供多種平臺(tái);高校要不斷完善培養(yǎng)方案堅(jiān)定全科師范生的從教信念;定向的區(qū)縣要加強(qiáng)與高校和全科師范生的聯(lián)系,體察全科師范生的需求;對(duì)于個(gè)人而言要明確職業(yè)定位,加深職業(yè)情感。如此才能使免費(fèi)定向小學(xué)全科師范生“下得去,留得住”,真正的從根源上解決村小學(xué)師資短缺和結(jié)構(gòu)不合理問(wèn)題,提高農(nóng)村教育質(zhì)量,實(shí)現(xiàn)教育公平。
[Abstract]:Rural residential dispersion in China makes rural primary schools small, teaching points, especially in the central and western regions, with the sharp decline in rural population, the number of school students also plummeted, many schools have to take the form of "small class" teaching organization. On the other hand, the rural primary school teacher is short, the structure is unreasonable, many teachers "by the general subject". Therefore, in order to solve the problem of the shortage of teachers in rural areas, especially the shortage of teachers in small subjects such as phonology, physique and beauty, the Ministry of Education issued in 2014 the opinions on the implementation of the Plan for the training of excellent Teachers, according to the actual situation of primary education in rural areas. This paper puts forward the emphasis on exploring the training mode of general subject teachers in primary schools. Under this background, the students of general subject teachers in primary schools are regarded as omnipotent teachers, and colleges and universities begin to cultivate teachers of general subjects in primary schools according to the mode of "one specialty and many abilities". The training of the students of general course teachers in free orientation primary school is helpful to solve the problem of shortage of teachers in rural and remote schools, promote the balanced development of urban and rural education in our city, and further optimize the structure of rural teachers. Improving the quality of rural education has important practical and theoretical significance. Through the investigation, it is found that the teachers' beliefs of the primary school students in general normal school are generally good. Specifically, the teachers' beliefs of the students in the primary school general normal school are extremely different in gender. The total scores of teachers' beliefs in different grades were significantly different among groups, and there were significant differences in professional will among the students with different family income. Secondly, there is no significant difference in whether the students are the only child, the place where the students come from and the county where the orientation service is located. The main reasons leading to these present conditions are internal and external factors. Internal factors include individual personality, interest, ability and so on, while external factors include society, family, school, education policy and so on. In view of the analysis of the present situation and the influencing factors of the cultivation of the students in the general subject normal school, the government should revise the training policy to provide various platforms for the development of the students of the general subject normal school, and universities should constantly improve the training plan and strengthen the students' belief in teaching. The directed district and county should strengthen the contact with the college and the students of the general subject normal school, observe the needs of the students of the general subject normal school, and make clear the professional orientation and deepen the professional emotion for the individual. Only in this way can we make the students of the general subject teachers in the free orientation primary school "go and stay", solve the shortage of teachers and the unreasonable structure of the village primary school from the root, improve the quality of rural education, and realize the education fairness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G625.1

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