本文選題：爬行運動 + 小學生��； 參考：《河北師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著當今社會經(jīng)濟的快速增長,人們的生活質(zhì)量的逐漸提高。家長在重視孩子學習成績的同時,卻對孩子的身體素質(zhì)關注相對較少。尤其是小學階段,家長們在要求孩子們各類興趣班、輔導班學習的同時,卻往往忽略了孩子們身體素質(zhì)地提高。五年級階段的少年兒童正處于身體發(fā)育的高峰期,這一階段是提高小學生身體靈敏性、協(xié)調(diào)性等運動素質(zhì)和學習基本運動技能的關鍵時期。著重發(fā)展孩子的身體素質(zhì)和最基礎的運動能力,即靈敏、平衡、協(xié)調(diào)和速度,從而更好地發(fā)展孩子們的運動能力,提高身體素質(zhì),為以后的學習和發(fā)展提供了一個身體基礎。爬行運動逐漸深受廣大健身愛好者的青睞,從運動解剖學角度講爬行時可將全身的重量分散到四肢,減輕身體其他部位的負荷壓力。站立時,脊柱承受身體百分之六十的重量,爬行時身體由直立位轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樗轿?能夠大大減輕脊柱負重,增加脊柱周圍的肌肉力量和彈性,預防并矯正脊柱側(cè)彎和后凸。從運動醫(yī)學角度講爬行時身體的水平位替代身體日常時候的直立位,心臟和胸腔等以上部位得到降低,可以降低心臟的供血壓力,有利于全身的血液循環(huán),頭部下垂使血流量得到充分的增加,對防治心血管疾病和改善大腦的血液循環(huán)有積極作用。從健身角度爬行是全身性協(xié)調(diào)活動,全身的肌肉、韌帶、骨骼及其神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)都要加入運動,有利于對核心肌肉群的力量訓練,故而能夠有效地提高身體運動素質(zhì)。靈敏素質(zhì)是一項綜合的運動素質(zhì),是指人體能夠在各種復雜的條件下,能夠在短時間內(nèi)協(xié)調(diào)、準確的改變身體的運動姿勢,調(diào)整身體運動方向和進行隨機應變的能力。靈敏素質(zhì)是一項內(nèi)容復雜的綜合性身體素質(zhì),與力量的大小,速度的快慢,身體的協(xié)調(diào)性有著密切的關系�？v觀此領域的相關研究中,有關力量、速度、耐力素質(zhì)的研究相對較多,而關于靈敏素質(zhì)的研究相對較少,針對小學階段學生靈敏素質(zhì)的研究更少。靈敏素質(zhì)作為身體運動素質(zhì)的一項重要組成部分,其發(fā)展水平也是衡量學生體質(zhì)健康水平和體育學習情況的一個重要指標,同時也是對體育課程教學效果的反饋。本論文的研究通過文獻資料法、專家訪談法、實驗法和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法等研究方法,以理論知識結(jié)合教學實踐進行分析探討,以石家莊市建明小學五年級兩個班124名學生和石家莊市裕東小學五年級兩個班92名學生,以爬行運動作為實驗課堂干預手段,進行了為期16周的教學實驗,實驗前和實驗后對實驗所選取的實驗樣本進行靈敏素質(zhì)測試(20s反復橫跨跳、15s立臥撐、4×10m折返跑、十字象限跳、六角球抓球),獲得完整數(shù)據(jù),并運用SPSS18.0進行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計分析。研究結(jié)果:(1)兩所學校的對照班實驗前和實驗后的五項靈敏素質(zhì)指標對比均不存在顯著性差異(P0.05);實驗班實驗前和實驗后的五項靈敏素質(zhì)指標對比均存在顯著性差異(P0.05);(2)在實驗后建明小學實驗班與對照班五項靈敏素質(zhì)指標中15s立臥撐、4×10m折返跑和十字象限跳三項指標存在顯著性差異(P0.05),其余20s反復橫跨跳和六角球抓球兩項指標不存在顯著性差異(P0.05);裕華東路小學實驗班與對照班五項靈敏素質(zhì)指標中15s立臥撐、4×10m折返跑和六角球抓球三項指標存在顯著性差異(P0.05),其余20s反復橫跨跳和十字象限跳兩項指標不存在顯著性差異(P0.05)。研究結(jié)論:(1)爬行運動對五年級小學生靈敏素質(zhì)地提高具有積極的影響;(2)兩處實驗地點的實驗結(jié)果具有一致性,由此證明此實驗具有可復制性;(3)爬行運動可以適當?shù)卦谖迥昙壭W生體育課堂中進行開展,從而更高效地提高五年級小學生的靈敏素質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of social economy, people's quality of life has been improved gradually. Parents pay more attention to their children's academic performance, but they pay less attention to their children's physical quality. Especially in the primary school stage, parents often ignore the physical quality of their children while they are asking for their children's classes of interest and tutoring classes. The young children in grade five are at the peak of physical development. This stage is the key period to improve the physical agility, coordination and other sports qualities of the pupils. The development of the children's physical quality and the most basic sports ability, namely, sensitivity, balance, coordination and speed, is better developed. Children's ability to exercise, improve their physical quality and provide a physical basis for future study and development. Crawling is gradually favored by the majority of the fitness enthusiasts. From the point of view of sports anatomy, crawling can spread the weight of the body to the limbs and reduce the stress of other parts of the body. When standing, the spine bears the body. Sixty of the weight, when the body is crawling from erect position to horizontal position, can greatly reduce the weight of the spine, increase the strength and elasticity of the muscles around the spine, prevent and correct the scoliosis and kyphosis. From the medical point of view, the level of the body is replaced by the upright position, the heart and the chest, and so on. It can reduce the pressure of the blood supply of the heart, is beneficial to the circulation of the whole body, the droop of the head makes the blood flow increase fully, and has a positive effect on the prevention and cure of cardiovascular disease and the improvement of the blood circulation of the brain. Sports, which is beneficial to the strength training of the core muscle group, thus can effectively improve the physical quality of the body. The sensitive quality is a comprehensive sport quality, which means that the body can coordinate the body in a short time, change the body movement position, adjust the direction of the body movement and carry on the strain of the body in a short time under various complex conditions. Ability. Sensitive quality is a complex and comprehensive physical quality, which has a close relationship with the size of power, speed and the coordination of the body. In this field, the research on the strength, speed, and endurance quality is relatively more, and the research on the quality of the spirit is relatively few, aiming at the students' spirit in the primary school stage. Sensitive quality is less studied. Sensitive quality is an important part of physical fitness. Its development level is also an important indicator to measure the health level of students' physical health and physical education. It is also a feedback to the teaching effect of physical education. The research of this thesis is conducted through literature, expert interview and experimental method. With the method of mathematical statistics and other research methods, with the combination of theoretical knowledge and teaching practice, 124 students of two classes in grade five of Jianming primary school in Shijiazhuang and 92 students in two classes of five grade five of Yudong primary school in Shijiazhuang city were used as the intervention means of the experimental class for 16 weeks, and the experiment was carried out for 16 weeks before and after the experiment. After the test, the sensitive quality tests were carried out on the experimental samples selected by the experiment (20s repeated jump, 15s standing brace, 4 x 10m return running, cross quadrant jump, six corner ball catching), and obtained complete data, and used SPSS18.0 to analyze the data. The results were as follows: (1) five sensitive quality indexes before and after the control class in two school. There was no significant difference in comparison (P0.05); there were significant differences between the five sensitive indexes before and after the experiment (P0.05); (2) there were significant differences in the three indexes of the 4 x 10m return run and the cross quadrant jump (P0.05) in the five sensitive quality indexes of the experimental class and the control class after the experiment. There is no significant difference between the two indexes of repeated 20s cross jumping and six corner ball catching (P0.05); there are significant differences between the three indexes of the five sensitive quality indexes of Yuhua East Road Primary School and the control class in five sensitive quality indexes, and there are significant differences between the 4 x 10m reentry running and the six corner ball catch (P0.05), and the remaining two indexes of the residual 20s cross jump and the cross quadrant jump do not exist. Significant differences (P0.05). Research conclusions: (1) the crawl movement has a positive influence on the sensitivity of grade five pupils; (2) the experimental results in the two experimental sites are consistent, which proves that the experiment is reproducible; (3) the crawling movement can be carried out locally in the pupils' physical education class in grade five. Improve the sensitivity of primary school students in grade five.

【學位授予單位】：河北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G623.8

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