本文選題：小學(xué)生 + 作文語病��； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：寫作是學(xué)生語文綜合素養(yǎng)的體現(xiàn),也是教師語文教學(xué)的重要部分。然而,多數(shù)小學(xué)生在習(xí)作時常出現(xiàn)語句不通、詞不達(dá)意、語序不當(dāng)?shù)日Z病問題。語病問題的存在,不利于小學(xué)作文教學(xué)水平的提高,又嚴(yán)重阻礙學(xué)生語言文字運用能力的發(fā)展。通過對小學(xué)生作文語病的研究、分析,既可以規(guī)范小學(xué)生的寫作用語,也可以為語文作文教學(xué)提出可行性建議。同時,針對小學(xué)生病句的研究拓寬了病句研究的領(lǐng)域,豐富完善了病句研究的理論體系。本文試圖從理論和實踐兩方面對小學(xué)生作文中語病的類型、語病產(chǎn)生的原因、語法教學(xué)的對策進行分析及研究,解決“是什么”、“為什么”、“怎么做”的問題。全文由以下五部分組成,分別為:第一章,緒論。本章節(jié)介紹了研究緣起、目的與意義、方法,對研究中的核心關(guān)鍵詞“語法”、“語病”、“語用”進行界定。從語病和學(xué)生作文語病兩個方面對當(dāng)前的研究現(xiàn)狀進行了介紹。第二章,研究的理論基礎(chǔ)。本章借鑒傳統(tǒng)的語病研究成果,從詞類誤用、句法失誤及辭格誤用三個方面對語病進行歸納分類,參考已有的寫作教學(xué)對策,歸納出暴露法、訓(xùn)練法、案例法三種教學(xué)方法。第三章,小學(xué)生作文語病現(xiàn)狀分析。主要運用了內(nèi)容分析法,對三、四、五年級90篇考場作文進行語料采集,以語病分類框架為工具,對不同年級的小學(xué)生作文語病進行人工的判斷、統(tǒng)計、梳理。運用問卷調(diào)查法,從學(xué)生對語法語用知識的了解程度、教師對語法語用知識的教學(xué)狀況、雙方對語法語用知識的態(tài)度三個方面展開調(diào)查,同時說明了調(diào)查的目的、調(diào)查的設(shè)計并對調(diào)查的結(jié)果做出分析。第四章,小學(xué)生作文語病現(xiàn)象的成因分析。主要從學(xué)生個人因素、課程與教學(xué)因素及社會因素三個方面進行論述。第五章,小學(xué)生作文語法教學(xué)的對策。主要思考如何減少小學(xué)生作文中的語病,提高小學(xué)生在寫作中的語言能力。提出以下意見:一,強化語文基本功;二,重審語文課程內(nèi)容;三,關(guān)注作文語言修改。語病研究是一項十分嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)墓ぷ?需要有大量的文獻(xiàn)和理論知識去支撐研究的觀點。由于本人的研究能力有限,本篇論文僅從詞法、句法和辭格三個方面對小學(xué)生作文中的病句做了梳理與分析,缺少語用、語法層面的研究。盡管如此,希望本文的研究能夠起拋磚引玉的作用,為小學(xué)生作文病句領(lǐng)域的研究提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:Writing is not only the embodiment of students' Chinese comprehensive accomplishment, but also an important part of teachers' Chinese teaching. However, most primary school students often have problems in the exercises, such as sentence impassability, word meaning is not clear, word order is improper, and so on. The existence of language diseases is not conducive to the improvement of composition teaching level in primary schools and seriously hinders the development of students' ability to use language and characters. Through the study of the primary school students' composition language diseases, it can not only standardize the primary school students' writing language, but also offer some feasible suggestions for the Chinese composition teaching. At the same time, the research on pupils' sick sentences widens the research field and enriches and perfects the theoretical system. This paper attempts to analyze and study the types of language diseases, the causes of language diseases and the countermeasures of grammar teaching in primary school students' compositions from both theoretical and practical aspects, so as to solve the problems of "what", "why" and "how to do it". The full text consists of the following five parts: chapter one, introduction. This chapter introduces the origin, purpose and significance of the research, and defines the key keywords in the study: grammar, language disease and pragmatics. This paper introduces the current research situation from two aspects: language disease and student composition language disease. The second chapter, the theoretical basis of the study. This chapter draws lessons from the traditional language disease research results, induces and classifies the language diseases from three aspects: the misuse of part of speech, the syntactic error and the case misuse, and summarizes the three teaching methods of exposure, training and case law with reference to the existing writing teaching countermeasures. The third chapter, the primary school composition language sickness present situation analysis. This paper mainly uses the content analysis method to collect 90 compositions in grade 3, 4 and 5 of the examination room. With the framework of classification of language diseases as a tool, the paper makes artificial judgment, statistics and combing on the composition language diseases of pupils of different grades. By using the method of questionnaire, this paper makes an investigation on the students' understanding of grammatical and pragmatic knowledge, teachers' teaching status of grammatical and pragmatic knowledge, and the attitudes of both sides to grammatical and pragmatic knowledge. The purpose of the investigation is also explained. Design and analyze the results of the survey. The fourth chapter, the primary school composition language sickness phenomenon causes analysis. Mainly from the student personal factor, the curriculum and the teaching factor and the social factor three aspects carries on the discussion. The fifth chapter, the elementary school student composition grammar teaching countermeasure. This paper mainly discusses how to reduce the language diseases in the composition of primary school students and how to improve their language ability in writing. Put forward the following suggestions: first, strengthen the basic skills of Chinese; second, review the content of Chinese curriculum; third, pay attention to composition language revision. Language disease research is a very rigorous work, need a lot of literature and theoretical knowledge to support the point of view. Due to my limited research ability, this thesis only combs and analyzes the sick sentences in primary school students' compositions from three aspects: lexical, syntactic and rhetorical, and lacks the study of pragmatics and grammar. Nevertheless, it is hoped that the research in this paper can serve as a reference for the study of pupils' composition ill sentences.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G623.24

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