發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-16 09:04

  本文選題：詞義理解 + 教學(xué)實(shí)踐　； 參考：《集美大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)是個(gè)詩(shī)歌古國(guó),流傳至今的古詩(shī)文,都?xì)v經(jīng)錘煉而熠熠生輝,具有豐富的思想內(nèi)涵和完美的藝術(shù)形式,是傳承傳統(tǒng)文化的重要工具。小學(xué)階段,加強(qiáng)古詩(shī)文的學(xué)習(xí),提高學(xué)習(xí)古詩(shī)文的興趣,掌握一定的古漢語(yǔ)知識(shí),可以為以后的學(xué)習(xí)奠定基礎(chǔ)。古詩(shī)文簡(jiǎn)約精煉、含蓄深邃,在起承轉(zhuǎn)合間,言有盡而意無(wú)窮。古詩(shī)文獨(dú)有的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象和語(yǔ)言規(guī)律,使得理解詞義成為讀懂古詩(shī)文的特殊要求。同時(shí),理解關(guān)鍵詞表達(dá)情意的作用也是理解能力的核心基礎(chǔ),是小學(xué)各學(xué)段閱讀教學(xué)的具體目標(biāo)。文章從小學(xué)語(yǔ)文教師的視角出發(fā),闡述基于詞義理解的小學(xué)古詩(shī)文教學(xué)的研究背景、研究目的和意義,采用文獻(xiàn)研究法、觀察法、實(shí)驗(yàn)研究法和行動(dòng)研究等方式進(jìn)行深入研究。在對(duì)相關(guān)研究梳理、分析的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納出當(dāng)前小學(xué)古詩(shī)文教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀如下:囿于參考、淺于理解、輕于感悟等。并圍繞教材內(nèi)容、教學(xué)方法、學(xué)科素養(yǎng)三個(gè)方面剖析現(xiàn)狀存在的原因。該研究首先通過(guò)大量的理論研究,從心理學(xué)、教育學(xué)、訓(xùn)詁學(xué)三個(gè)理論層面尋找依據(jù)。心理學(xué)角度,提出意義識(shí)記為重、形象思維為主、學(xué)習(xí)興趣為要三點(diǎn)。教育學(xué)角度,主要從建構(gòu)主義的知識(shí)觀和教學(xué)觀出發(fā),強(qiáng)調(diào)以“學(xué)生為主體”的教學(xué)。訓(xùn)詁學(xué)角度,通過(guò)探究訓(xùn)詁與詞義的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,為詞義理解提供參考依據(jù)。其次,以《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》為依托,尋找實(shí)踐研究的現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù),包括:詞義理解是小學(xué)古詩(shī)文教學(xué)的重要內(nèi)容,是古今文言差異性的客觀需求,可以促進(jìn)古詩(shī)文教學(xué)三維目標(biāo)的達(dá)成。在理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上,確定教學(xué)原則為科學(xué)性、直觀性、主體性原則,教學(xué)方法為講讀結(jié)合法、直觀演示法、關(guān)聯(lián)比較法。設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)教學(xué)案例用于行動(dòng)研究和教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn),比照教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)一和教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)效果,并運(yùn)用SPSS軟件分析實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)。最后,得出實(shí)踐研究的結(jié)論:有助于解詞釋句,疏通文意;有助于咀嚼涵泳,品味語(yǔ)言;有助于感知形象,體味意境;有助于傳承文化,豐厚底蘊(yùn)。并基于教師層面,提出相應(yīng)的教學(xué)實(shí)施建議:一是提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng),包括古代漢語(yǔ)知識(shí)和古典文學(xué)知識(shí);二是提高教學(xué)技能,包括文本解讀和選詞教學(xué)。
[Abstract]:China is an ancient country of poetry, the ancient poetry and prose have been refined and shining, with rich ideological connotation and perfect art form, is an important tool for the inheritance of traditional culture.In primary school, strengthening the study of ancient poetry and prose, improving the interest of learning ancient poetry and prose, mastering certain knowledge of ancient Chinese can lay the foundation for future study.Ancient poetry and prose concise, profound, in the joint between the words and endless meaning.The unique language phenomena and language rules of ancient poetry and prose make it a special requirement to understand the meaning of words.At the same time, understanding the role of key words to express feelings is the core foundation of the ability of understanding, and is the specific goal of reading teaching in all stages of primary school.From the perspective of primary school Chinese teachers, this paper expounds the research background, purpose and significance of the teaching of ancient poetry and prose in primary schools based on the understanding of word meaning, and adopts the methods of literature research, observation, experimental research and action research.On the basis of combing and analyzing the relevant studies, this paper concludes the current situation of the teaching of ancient poetry and prose in primary schools as follows: limited by reference, shallow in understanding, light in feeling, and so on.And around the teaching material content, the teaching method, the discipline accomplishment three aspects analyzes the present situation existence reason.This research first through a large number of theoretical research, from psychology, pedagogy, exegetics three theoretical levels to find the basis.From the psychological point of view, the author puts forward three points: the importance of memorizing the meaning, the thinking in images and the interest in learning.From the point of view of pedagogy, it emphasizes the teaching of "students as the main body" from the view of knowledge and teaching of constructivism.From the angle of exegetics, it provides the reference for the understanding of word meaning by exploring the internal relation between exegesis and word meaning.Secondly, based on "Curriculum Standard", to find the practical basis of practical research, including: the understanding of word meaning is an important content in the teaching of ancient poetry and prose in primary schools, and it is the objective demand of the difference between ancient and modern classical Chinese.It can promote the achievement of the three-dimensional goal in the teaching of ancient poetry and prose.On the basis of theoretical research, the teaching principles are determined to be scientific, intuitive and subjective, and the teaching methods are the combination of teaching and reading, the direct demonstration and the relative comparison.The related teaching cases are designed for action research and teaching experiment. The results of teaching design are compared with those of teaching design one and two, and the experimental data are analyzed with SPSS software.Finally, the conclusion of the practical research: help to understand words and sentences, dredge meaning; help to chew culinary swimming, taste language; help to perceive image, taste artistic conception; help to inherit culture, rich inside information.Based on the teacher level, the author puts forward the corresponding teaching suggestions: first, to improve the subject literacy, including ancient Chinese knowledge and classical literature knowledge; second, to improve teaching skills, including text interpretation and the teaching of selected words.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：集美大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G623.2

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本文編號(hào)：1758194