【摘要】：目的:高血壓由于長期的壓力超負(fù)荷導(dǎo)致心肌間質(zhì)纖維增生,從而使心功能下降。長期有氧運(yùn)動可以改善心功能,其機(jī)制是否與有氧運(yùn)動能改善心肌纖維化有關(guān),熱休克轉(zhuǎn)錄因子1(HSF1)是否在運(yùn)動的保護(hù)機(jī)制中起調(diào)節(jié)作用都有待研究。因此本文采用主動脈縮窄手術(shù)制備小鼠高血壓模型,探討長期有氧運(yùn)動對高血壓小鼠心功能及心肌纖維化作用的影響。為高血壓病的運(yùn)動治療提供實驗依據(jù)。方法:8周齡BALB/c雄性小鼠60只,隨機(jī)分為3組每組20只,分別為正常組(CON)、手術(shù)組(TAC)和手術(shù)+運(yùn)動組(TAE)。TAC和TAE組小鼠進(jìn)行升主動脈縮窄手術(shù)(transverse aortic constriction,TAC),建立高血壓模型。TAE組小鼠手術(shù)4天后進(jìn)行0坡度跑臺跑步,采用漸進(jìn)遞增運(yùn)動負(fù)荷運(yùn)動時間方案,自12米/分×30min遞增到15米/分×60min,第5周持續(xù)采用15米/分×60min,5次/周,一共10周。待TAE組10周有氧運(yùn)動結(jié)束后3組小鼠分別采用Vevo770超聲診斷儀和30MHz高頻探頭進(jìn)行心臟超聲檢測,測量左室收縮期內(nèi)徑(left ventricular internal dimension systole,LVIDs)、左室舒張期內(nèi)徑(left ventricular internal dimension diastole,LVIDd)、左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)(left ventricular ejection fraction,EF%)和心率(Heart rate,HR)等指標(biāo)。血流動力學(xué)檢查采用Millar導(dǎo)管測量右頸主動脈壓。取材后立即用電子天平稱量小鼠心臟重量,計算心重體重比。病理染色采用HE染色和Masson染色,分別觀察小鼠心肌肥厚情況和心肌纖維化程度。同時采用實時熒光定量PCR技術(shù)(Quantitative Real-time PCR)檢測小鼠熱休克轉(zhuǎn)錄因子1(Heat shock transcription factor 1,HSF1)基因的表達(dá)量。結(jié)果:實驗過程中小鼠運(yùn)動狀態(tài)良好,體重穩(wěn)步增長。主動脈測壓結(jié)果顯示:與CON組相比,TAC組血壓升高了大約60mmHg,10周有氧運(yùn)動后TAE組血壓明顯下降(P0.05)。超聲心電圖的結(jié)果顯示,TAC組相對于CON組小鼠的左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)(LVEF)降低(P0.01),左室舒張末期內(nèi)徑(LVIDd)和左室收縮末期內(nèi)徑(LVIDs)升高(P0.01);TAE組相對于TAC組小鼠的左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)(LVEF)升高(P0.05),左室舒張末期內(nèi)徑(LVIDd)和左室收縮末期內(nèi)徑(LVIDs)降低(P0.01)。小鼠心臟重量指數(shù)結(jié)果顯示,TAC組的心重指數(shù)明顯大于CON組(P0.01),TAE組的心重體重比小于TAC組(P0.05)。HE病理染色結(jié)果得出:TAC組心肌細(xì)胞明顯比CON組肥大,而運(yùn)動后的TAE組心肌橫截面積小于TAC組。Masson病理染色結(jié)果顯示:TAC組心肌纖維化明顯多于CON組,而TAE組相較TAC組,纖維化程度減弱。從HSF1的基因表達(dá)量可以得出:TAC組小鼠HSF1的表達(dá)量相較CON組減少(P0.01),而TAE組卻顯著高于TAC組小鼠HSF1的表達(dá)量(P0.01)。結(jié)論:1、通過主動脈縮窄手術(shù)建立的壓力超負(fù)荷模型以及手術(shù)后有氧運(yùn)動模型建立是成功。2、10周壓力超負(fù)荷使心肌肥厚、心肌纖維增生從而導(dǎo)致心功能下降,通過有氧運(yùn)動后能有效緩解心功能的下降、減弱纖維化程度。3、壓力超負(fù)荷致心肌組織中的HSF1下降,而有氧運(yùn)動上調(diào)心肌HSF1基因表達(dá),推測這是減少心肌纖維化、提高心功能的可能機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:Objective: To reduce the cardiac function due to long-term pressure overload. The long-term aerobic exercise can improve the heart function, and whether the mechanism is related to the aerobic exercise can improve the myocardial fibrosis, and whether the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) plays an important role in the mechanism of motion protection is to be studied. Therefore, the effect of long-term aerobic exercise on the heart function and myocardial fibrosis of the mice with high blood pressure was discussed. and provides an experimental basis for the exercise therapy of the hypertension. Methods: 60 BALB/ c male mice were randomly divided into three groups: normal group (CON), operation group (TAC) and operation + exercise group (TAE). After 4 days of operation in the TAE group, the 0-grade running platform was run, and the progressive incremental moving-load movement time scheme was used, and it was increased from 12 m/ min to 15 m/ min for 60min, and the 5-week duration was 15 m/ min to 60min and 5 times/ week for a total of 10 weeks. After the 10-week aerobic exercise of the TAE group, three groups of mice were detected by the Vevo 770 ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and the 30MHz high-frequency probe, respectively, and the left ventricular systolic internal diameter (LVIDs), the left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVIDd) and the left ventricular ejection fraction were measured. EF%) and heart rate (HR). The right-neck aortic pressure was measured by a Milar catheter using a Milar catheter. The weight of the heart weight of the mice was weighed using an electronic balance, and the weight ratio of the heart weight was calculated. The myocardial hypertrophy and the degree of myocardial fibrosis were observed by HE staining and Masson staining. At the same time, the expression of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) gene in mice was detected by the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). Results: In the course of the experiment, the exercise status of the mice was good and the body weight increased steadily. The results of aortic pressure test showed that the blood pressure of the TAC group increased by about 60mmHg compared with that of the CON group, and the blood pressure of the TAE group decreased significantly after 10 weeks of aerobic exercise (P0.05). The results of echocardiography showed that the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of the TAC group was lower than that of the CON group (P0.01), the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVIDd) and the left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVIDs) increased (P0.01), and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of the TAE group relative to the TAC group mice (P0.05). The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVIDd) and the left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVIDs) decreased (P0.01). The heart weight index of the TAC group was significantly higher than that of the CON group (P0.01), and the weight ratio of the center weight of the TAE group was lower than that of the TAC group (P0.05). The results of HE and pathology showed that the cardiac myocyte of the TAC group was significantly higher than that of the CON group, and the cross-sectional area of the myocardial cross-section of the TAE group after the exercise was smaller than that of the TAC group. The results of Masson's pathological staining showed that the myocardial fibrosis in the TAC group was significantly higher than that of the CON group, while the group with the TAE group had a higher degree of fibrosis and the degree of fibrosis decreased. The expression of HSF1 in the TAC group was lower than that of the CON group (P0.01), while the group of TAE was significantly higher than that of the mice in the TAC group (P0.01). Conclusion: 1. The pressure overload model established by the narrow operation of the aorta and the establishment of the aerobic exercise model after operation are successful. To decrease the degree of fibrosis. 3, the HSF1 in the myocardial tissue decreased with the pressure overload, and the aerobic exercise upregulates the expression of the myocardial HSF1 gene, which is a possible mechanism to reduce the myocardial fibrosis and improve the heart function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G804.2

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