傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)發(fā)展中的師徒傳承研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-16 08:16
【摘要】：文化是人類在社會(huì)發(fā)展過程中,所創(chuàng)造的物質(zhì)財(cái)富和精神財(cái)富的總稱,文化傳承在于傳承人之間的傳遞和承接。傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)作為我國獨(dú)具特色的民族傳統(tǒng)體育活動(dòng),具有顯著的文化傳遞性。而師徒傳承更成為中華武術(shù)源適流長的重要?jiǎng)恿蜆?biāo)識(shí)。師傅和徒弟,在武術(shù)文化的傳承中占據(jù)有重要的地位。但是,隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展和變遷,傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)發(fā)展中的"擇師"與"授徒"等文化現(xiàn)象也在逐步發(fā)生變化,其人文內(nèi)涵正逐步削弱,很大程度上成為制約武術(shù)傳承與發(fā)展的內(nèi)在動(dòng)因。同時(shí),在普遍意識(shí)到傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)師徒傳承內(nèi)在價(jià)值的同時(shí),寄生其中的某些文化糟巧也在悄然復(fù)蘇,如口戶之爭等。在這樣的背景下,如何科學(xué)地認(rèn)識(shí)師徒傳承,解讀其內(nèi)涵,明晰其發(fā)展,對于中國武術(shù)的傳承而言,具有顯著的理論價(jià)值和實(shí)踐意義。基于此,論文以傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)中的師徒傳承為研究對象。采用文獻(xiàn)資料、影像資料、邏輯分析等研究方法,從師徒傳承的樣態(tài),擇師授徒的儀式,新型師徒關(guān)系的確立等方面進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究。一方面明晰武術(shù)發(fā)展中師徒傳承的文化內(nèi)涵,厘清其內(nèi)在的價(jià)值和意義；另一方面社會(huì)變遷背景下中華武術(shù)的傳承提供的理論借鑒和解決方案。論文通過研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)：第一,師徒傳承是傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)傳承的主要方式,師父擇徒嚴(yán)格遵守著“道德決定論”,對徒弟類型的劃分體現(xiàn)了“以家為本”的家族文化。傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)發(fā)展中師徒關(guān)系的過程是儒家文化的縮影,授徒過程體現(xiàn)了傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)傳承內(nèi)容的多樣性；第二,師父在傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)傳承過程中有著不可替代的作用,在師徒關(guān)系中有著至高無上的地位,承擔(dān)著傳道授業(yè)的歷史重任,是師徒傳承中的重要的組成部分；第三,“師為徒綱”限制了徒弟的權(quán)利,其任務(wù)是刻苦訓(xùn)練、發(fā)揚(yáng)技藝,但隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,其趨勢逐步弱化。論文通過師徒傳承儀式和當(dāng)前社會(huì)發(fā)展的文化考察,認(rèn)為：一方面,師徒傳承有利于武術(shù)拳種套路風(fēng)格保持,有利于武術(shù)拳種套路的橫向拓展,有利于武術(shù)套路技藝的精深,有利于武術(shù)拳種套路的繼承.但同時(shí),論資排輩：不利于武術(shù)技藝的平等化交流,門派之爭：不利于武術(shù)拳種的技藝交流,固守陳規(guī)：不利于武術(shù)技藝的革新,縱向傳承：不利于武術(shù)技藝的多元化發(fā)展。在此基礎(chǔ)上,論文提出了建立“新型師徒關(guān)系”的研究構(gòu)想。認(rèn)為,在當(dāng)前的社會(huì)背景下,武術(shù)的傳承方式上應(yīng)當(dāng)“取其精華,去其糟粕”,第一,剔除封建陋習(xí),改變擇徒觀念,在傳授技藝方面要保持“德藝雙修”理念,打破“門戶之見”。第二,大力推廣、發(fā)展新型師徒關(guān)系,這種關(guān)系可以是師生關(guān)系、師徒關(guān)系、師友關(guān)系的單獨(dú)存在或組合發(fā)展。第三,傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)師徒傳承與學(xué)校師生關(guān)系的融合,傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)進(jìn)入學(xué)校發(fā)展可以促使傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)的技藝、文化得到快速繁衍。
[Abstract]:Culture is the general term of material wealth and spiritual wealth created by human beings in the process of social development. As a unique national traditional sports activity in China, traditional Wushu has remarkable cultural transmission. And the inheritance of teachers and disciples has become an important driving force and symbol of the source of Chinese Wushu. Master and apprentice occupy an important position in the inheritance of martial arts culture. However, with the development and changes of the society, the cultural phenomena such as "teacher selection" and "apprenticeship" in the development of traditional Wushu are gradually changing, and its humanistic connotation is gradually weakening. To a large extent, it has become the internal motivation that restricts the inheritance and development of Wushu. At the same time, while the traditional martial arts master inherits the intrinsic value, some of the parasitic culture is reviving quietly, such as the battle between mouth and family. In such a background, how to scientifically understand the inheritance of teachers and disciples, understand its connotation, clear its development, for the inheritance of Chinese martial arts, has a significant theoretical value and practical significance. Based on this, the thesis takes the inheritance of teachers and disciples in traditional martial arts as the research object. By using the methods of literature, image and logic analysis, this paper makes a systematic study on the patterns of the inheritance of teachers and disciples, the ritual of selecting teachers and apprentices, and the establishment of new relationship between teachers and disciples. On the one hand, it clarifies the cultural connotation of the inheritance of masters and disciples in the development of Wushu, and clarifies its intrinsic value and significance; on the other hand, the inheritance of Chinese Wushu under the background of social change provides theoretical reference and solution. The thesis finds that: first, the inheritance of masters and disciples is the main way of inheritance of traditional martial arts. Master strictly obeys "moral determinism", and the classification of apprentice types embodies the "home-based" family culture. The process of relationship between teacher and disciple in the development of traditional Wushu is the epitome of Confucian culture. Second, master plays an irreplaceable role in the inheritance of traditional martial arts, plays a supreme role in the relationship between teachers and disciples, and assumes the historical responsibility of preaching and teaching, which is an important part of the inheritance of teachers and disciples; Thirdly, the right of apprentice is restricted by "teacher as apprentice", whose task is to train hard and develop skills, but with the development of society, its tendency is gradually weakened. Based on the cultural investigation of the ceremony and the current social development, the thesis holds that, on the one hand, the inheritance of teachers and disciples is conducive to the maintenance of martial arts boxing routine style, the lateral expansion of martial arts boxing routine, and the depth of martial arts routine skills. Conducive to the inheritance of martial arts boxing routine. But at the same time, seniority: not conducive to the equal exchange of martial arts skills, schools of contention: not conducive to the exchange of martial arts boxing skills, adhere to stereotypes: not conducive to the innovation of martial arts skills, vertical inheritance, is not conducive to the development of martial arts technology diversification. On this basis, the paper puts forward the concept of establishing a new relationship between teacher and disciple. Under the current social background, Wushu should adopt the essence and discard the dross. First, it should eliminate the bad habits of feudalism, change the idea of selecting students, and maintain the idea of "double cultivation of virtue and art" in the teaching of skills. Break the door. Secondly, we should promote and develop a new relationship between teacher and student, which can be the separate existence or combination of teacher-student relationship, teacher-disciple relationship and teacher-friend relationship. Third, the traditional Wushu inheritance and the relationship between teachers and students, the traditional Wushu into the school development can promote the traditional Wushu skills, culture has been rapid reproduction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G852
本文編號：2424240
[Abstract]:Culture is the general term of material wealth and spiritual wealth created by human beings in the process of social development. As a unique national traditional sports activity in China, traditional Wushu has remarkable cultural transmission. And the inheritance of teachers and disciples has become an important driving force and symbol of the source of Chinese Wushu. Master and apprentice occupy an important position in the inheritance of martial arts culture. However, with the development and changes of the society, the cultural phenomena such as "teacher selection" and "apprenticeship" in the development of traditional Wushu are gradually changing, and its humanistic connotation is gradually weakening. To a large extent, it has become the internal motivation that restricts the inheritance and development of Wushu. At the same time, while the traditional martial arts master inherits the intrinsic value, some of the parasitic culture is reviving quietly, such as the battle between mouth and family. In such a background, how to scientifically understand the inheritance of teachers and disciples, understand its connotation, clear its development, for the inheritance of Chinese martial arts, has a significant theoretical value and practical significance. Based on this, the thesis takes the inheritance of teachers and disciples in traditional martial arts as the research object. By using the methods of literature, image and logic analysis, this paper makes a systematic study on the patterns of the inheritance of teachers and disciples, the ritual of selecting teachers and apprentices, and the establishment of new relationship between teachers and disciples. On the one hand, it clarifies the cultural connotation of the inheritance of masters and disciples in the development of Wushu, and clarifies its intrinsic value and significance; on the other hand, the inheritance of Chinese Wushu under the background of social change provides theoretical reference and solution. The thesis finds that: first, the inheritance of masters and disciples is the main way of inheritance of traditional martial arts. Master strictly obeys "moral determinism", and the classification of apprentice types embodies the "home-based" family culture. The process of relationship between teacher and disciple in the development of traditional Wushu is the epitome of Confucian culture. Second, master plays an irreplaceable role in the inheritance of traditional martial arts, plays a supreme role in the relationship between teachers and disciples, and assumes the historical responsibility of preaching and teaching, which is an important part of the inheritance of teachers and disciples; Thirdly, the right of apprentice is restricted by "teacher as apprentice", whose task is to train hard and develop skills, but with the development of society, its tendency is gradually weakened. Based on the cultural investigation of the ceremony and the current social development, the thesis holds that, on the one hand, the inheritance of teachers and disciples is conducive to the maintenance of martial arts boxing routine style, the lateral expansion of martial arts boxing routine, and the depth of martial arts routine skills. Conducive to the inheritance of martial arts boxing routine. But at the same time, seniority: not conducive to the equal exchange of martial arts skills, schools of contention: not conducive to the exchange of martial arts boxing skills, adhere to stereotypes: not conducive to the innovation of martial arts skills, vertical inheritance, is not conducive to the development of martial arts technology diversification. On this basis, the paper puts forward the concept of establishing a new relationship between teacher and disciple. Under the current social background, Wushu should adopt the essence and discard the dross. First, it should eliminate the bad habits of feudalism, change the idea of selecting students, and maintain the idea of "double cultivation of virtue and art" in the teaching of skills. Break the door. Secondly, we should promote and develop a new relationship between teacher and student, which can be the separate existence or combination of teacher-student relationship, teacher-disciple relationship and teacher-friend relationship. Third, the traditional Wushu inheritance and the relationship between teachers and students, the traditional Wushu into the school development can promote the traditional Wushu skills, culture has been rapid reproduction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G852
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 呂韶鈞;張維凱;;民間習(xí)武共同體的提出及其社會(huì)文化基礎(chǔ)[J];北京體育大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2013年09期
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 時(shí)延芳;從生活世界看中國傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)的發(fā)展[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2014年
，本文編號：2424240
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