【摘要】：研究目的:目前吳式太極拳在推廣過(guò)程中存在著吳式太極拳楊式練法的問(wèn)題,即動(dòng)作是吳式太極拳的動(dòng)作,但是練習(xí)中身型是楊式的身型。沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出吳式太極拳的特點(diǎn),也無(wú)法達(dá)到練習(xí)吳式太極拳的效果。本研究的目的在于更好地區(qū)分吳式與楊式太極拳的不同風(fēng)格特點(diǎn),使練習(xí)者達(dá)到科學(xué)健身的效果。研究方法:選取吳式與楊式太極拳的全國(guó)冠軍和北京市的冠軍共6人。運(yùn)用先進(jìn)的FAB本體感覺(jué)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)對(duì)6位太極拳練習(xí)者進(jìn)行測(cè)試。測(cè)試他們的上步動(dòng)作,并重點(diǎn)分析上步動(dòng)作中的弓步動(dòng)作。研究結(jié)果:1.吳式與楊式太極拳練習(xí)者在上步動(dòng)作過(guò)程中總時(shí)間不存在顯著性差異,但是在單腳支撐時(shí)間上存在極顯著性差異。吳式太極拳單腳支撐時(shí)間比楊式太極拳單腳支撐時(shí)間要長(zhǎng)。2.弓步前腿膝關(guān)節(jié)足底壓力占體重百分比不存在顯著性差異,但是弓步后腿足底壓力占體重百分比存在顯著性差異。從而導(dǎo)致楊式太極拳前后腳足底壓力差距較小,而吳式太極拳前后腳足底壓力差距大。3.弓步前腿和弓步后腿膝關(guān)節(jié)彎曲角度都不存在顯著性差,吳式與楊式太極拳在上步動(dòng)作過(guò)程中膝關(guān)節(jié)彎曲角度特點(diǎn)是一樣的。4.前髖和后髖彎曲角度都存在顯著性差異,髖關(guān)節(jié)彎曲角度不一樣主要是由于兩種太極拳的身法要求不一樣。5.軀干傾斜角度不存在顯著性差異(P㧐0.05),骨盆傾斜角度存在極顯著性差異(P0.01)。6.軀干受力、前髖受力、后髖受力、前膝受力、后膝受力都不存在顯著性差異(P㧐0.05)。7.練習(xí)者在做吳式太極拳上步動(dòng)作與楊式太極拳上步動(dòng)作時(shí),軀干扭轉(zhuǎn)受力存在顯著性差異,前髖扭轉(zhuǎn)受力、后髖扭轉(zhuǎn)受力、前膝扭轉(zhuǎn)受力、后膝扭轉(zhuǎn)受力不存在顯著性差異(P㧐0.05)研究結(jié)論:1.吳式和楊式太極拳都有利于增加腿部力量和平衡穩(wěn)定性,吳式太極拳上步動(dòng)作更有利于增加腿部力量,而楊式太極拳上步動(dòng)作更有利于步法的穩(wěn)定性。2.吳式和楊式太極拳在上步動(dòng)作過(guò)程中軀干受力變化不大,保證了重心的穩(wěn)定,髖關(guān)節(jié)和膝關(guān)節(jié)受力變化較大說(shuō)明上步動(dòng)作對(duì)下肢的鍛煉作用較大。3.楊式太極拳的立身中正和吳式太極拳的斜中寓正有共同特點(diǎn),都要求軀干和骨盆在幾乎同一條直線上。4.太極拳在上步動(dòng)作過(guò)程中主要依靠髖關(guān)節(jié)的擰轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)上步,膝關(guān)節(jié)幾乎沒(méi)有擰轉(zhuǎn)。
[Abstract]:Research objective: at present, there exists the problem of Yang style practice in Wu Taijiquan, that is, the action is the action of Wu Taijiquan, but the body type is the body type of Yang style in the practice. It does not reflect the characteristics of Wu style Taijiquan, nor can it achieve the effect of practicing Wu style Taijiquan. The purpose of this study is to better distinguish the different styles of Wu style and Yang style Taijiquan so as to achieve the effect of scientific fitness. Methods: the national champion of Wu style and Yang style Taijiquan and the champion of Beijing were selected. Six Taijiquan practitioners were tested by the advanced FAB Noumenon sense testing system. Test their upper steps and focus on the bow movements in the last steps. Results: 1. There was no significant difference in the total time between Wu style and Yang style Taijiquan practitioners in the last step but there was a very significant difference in the support time of one foot. Wu style Taijiquan one-foot support time than Yang Taijiquan one-foot support time is longer. 2. There was no significant difference in the percentage of foot pressure to body weight, but there was significant difference in the percentage of foot pressure to body weight. Therefore, the foot sole pressure gap was smaller before and after Yang Taijiquan, while the foot sole pressure difference was larger before and after Wu Taijiquan. There was no significant difference in the knee joint bending angle between the foreleg and the hind leg of the bow, and the characteristics of the knee joint bending angle of Wu style and Yang type Taijiquan were the same in the process of the upper step. 4. There is significant difference between the anterior hip and the posterior hip bending angle. The main reason for the different hip bending angle is that the requirements of the two Taijiquan methods are not the same. 5. There was no significant difference in torso tilt angle (P0. 05), but extremely significant difference in pelvic tilt angle (P0. 01). There was no significant difference in torso force, anterior hip force, posterior hip force, anterior knee force and posterior knee force (P0. 05). There is significant difference in torsion force between Wu Taijiquan and Yang Taijiquan. The torsion force of the front hip, the posterior hip, the front knee, and the front knee are significantly different. There was no significant difference in torsional force of posterior knee (P0. 05). Conclusion: 1. Both Wu style and Yang type Taijiquan are beneficial to increase leg strength and balance stability, Wu style Taijiquan upper step action is more advantageous to increase leg strength, and Yang style Taijiquan step up action is more favorable to the stability of footwork. 2. Wu-style and Yang Taijiquan had little change in the torso force during the upper step movement, which ensured the stability of the center of gravity. The larger changes of the hip joint and the knee joint indicated that the upper step movement had a great effect on the lower limb exercise. 3. Yang style Taijiquan standing center and Wu style Taijiquan have the same characteristics in the oblique, both require the torso and pelvis in almost the same line. 4. Taijiquan mainly relies on hip twisting in the upper step, and the knee joint is almost untwisted.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G852.11

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