【摘要】：三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)是田徑項(xiàng)目三種跳躍項(xiàng)目中的一項(xiàng),其中起跳階段扮演著重要角色。一個(gè)有效的起跳動(dòng)作需要最佳的垂直起跳速度,同時(shí)減少水平方向速度的損失以及對(duì)身體平衡性較好地控制。而完成這一動(dòng)作需要三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員具備較好的身體素質(zhì),懸吊訓(xùn)練被認(rèn)為可以同時(shí)發(fā)展身體力量、平衡、靈敏及核心穩(wěn)定性。因此通過懸吊訓(xùn)練可以有效地對(duì)三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行針對(duì)性地身體素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練,從而提高其專項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)能力及運(yùn)動(dòng)表現(xiàn)。研究目的:本研究采用上肢爆發(fā)力測試、下肢爆發(fā)力測試、靈敏性、平衡性測試及專項(xiàng)能力測試等方法,通過測量經(jīng)過18周傳統(tǒng)力量訓(xùn)練及懸吊訓(xùn)練前后,三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員上、下肢爆發(fā)力,身體靈敏性、平衡性以及專項(xiàng)能力的變化,研究和探討不同訓(xùn)練方法對(duì)三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員專項(xiàng)能力及運(yùn)動(dòng)表現(xiàn)的影響。其結(jié)果可為今后教練員及運(yùn)動(dòng)員對(duì)訓(xùn)練手段的選取以及三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)教學(xué)提供理論依據(jù)。研究方法:本研究通過文獻(xiàn)資料法、實(shí)驗(yàn)研究法及數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法進(jìn)行研究與分析。其中文獻(xiàn)資料法通過查閱相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫得到相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料,從而為本文提供堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論依據(jù)。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究法通過將8名國家二級(jí)水平男子三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員,隨機(jī)分為實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對(duì)照組。應(yīng)用美產(chǎn)TRX?訓(xùn)練帶對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)組受試者進(jìn)行為期18周的懸吊訓(xùn)練,同時(shí)對(duì)照組受試者進(jìn)行傳統(tǒng)力量訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練前與經(jīng)過18周的訓(xùn)練后,分別對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對(duì)照組受試者進(jìn)行上肢爆發(fā)力測試、下肢爆發(fā)力測試、身體靈敏性、平衡性測試及專項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)能力測試。數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法應(yīng)用獨(dú)立樣本T檢驗(yàn)法分析不同訓(xùn)練方法訓(xùn)練前后(組內(nèi)及組間差異)對(duì)三級(jí)跳運(yùn)動(dòng)員專項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)能力相關(guān)指標(biāo)的影響。本研究規(guī)定一類錯(cuò)誤的概率小于0.05時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)有顯著性意義。研究結(jié)論:1.通過懸吊訓(xùn)練,三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員上、下肢爆發(fā)力,身體靈敏性、平衡性及專項(xiàng)成績均有顯著提高。2.懸吊訓(xùn)練主要對(duì)三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員靈敏、平衡能力產(chǎn)生影響,而傳統(tǒng)力量訓(xùn)練則更側(cè)重于對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員上、下肢爆發(fā)力進(jìn)行提高。3.懸吊訓(xùn)練和傳統(tǒng)力量訓(xùn)練方法對(duì)三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員運(yùn)動(dòng)表現(xiàn)的影響亦不同。4.懸吊訓(xùn)練較傳統(tǒng)力量訓(xùn)練在提升三級(jí)跳遠(yuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員上肢爆發(fā)力、身體靈敏性、身體平衡性及專項(xiàng)成績方面更加有效。
[Abstract]:The triple jump is one of the three jumping events in track and field, in which the take-off stage plays an important role. An effective takeoff requires optimal vertical take-off speed, while reducing the loss of horizontal velocity and better control of body balance. To complete this action, the triple jumpers need to have good physical fitness. Suspension training is considered to develop physical strength, balance, agility and core stability at the same time. Therefore, suspension training can effectively train triple jumpers' physical quality, thus improving their specific sports ability and performance. Objective: the purpose of this study was to use the methods of upper limb explosive force test, lower extremity explosive force test, sensitivity test, balance test and special ability test, through measuring before and after 18 Zhou Chuantong strength training and suspension training, triple jump athletes, The effects of different training methods on the specific ability and performance of triple jumpers were studied and discussed in the changes of lower limb explosive power, body sensitivity, balance and special ability. The results can provide theoretical basis for coaches and athletes to select training methods and triple jump teaching. Methods: this study was studied and analyzed by literature, experiment and mathematical statistics. Among them, the literature method obtains the relevant documents by consulting the relevant databases, thus providing a solid theoretical basis for this paper. By means of experimental study, 8 national second-level male triple jumpers were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group and control group. Application of American TRX? The subjects in the experimental group were trained with suspension for 18 weeks, while the subjects in the control group received traditional strength training. Before and after training for 18 weeks, the subjects in the experimental group and the control group were tested for upper limb explosive force, lower extremity explosive force, body sensitivity, balance test and specific exercise ability test respectively. The independent sample T test method was used to analyze the influence of different training methods (intra-group and inter-group differences) on the specific sports ability of three-level jumpers. In this study, there is a significant difference when the probability of a class of errors is less than 0.05. Conclusion: 1. Through suspension training, triple jump athletes on the lower extremity burst, body sensitivity, balance and special results are significantly improved. 2. Suspension training mainly affects the agility and balance ability of the triple jumpers, while the traditional strength training focuses on improving the explosive force of the athletes' upper and lower limbs. Suspension training and traditional strength training methods have different effects on the performance of triple jumpers. The suspension training is more effective than the traditional strength training in enhancing the upper limb explosive force, body sensitivity, body balance and special achievement of triple jumpers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G823.4

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