【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和社會(huì)的變革以及飲食結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,中國青少年的肥胖程度正在以令人擔(dān)憂的速度迅速增加,我國即將面臨嚴(yán)峻的青少年單純性肥胖問題。在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)由于肥胖所引起的冠心病、高血脂、高血壓及代謝異常等一系列疾病,尤其在青少年群體中發(fā)生的概率直線上升,國家每年需要在體質(zhì)健康這方面投入大量的人力、財(cái)力和物力等。眾所周知,減肥的方法有很多,但是人們最認(rèn)可的是運(yùn)動(dòng)減肥法,因?yàn)樗粌H起到減脂的作用,還能增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)。而生活中,人們往往以有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)為主,而抗阻力練習(xí)很少被人采用,本文正是帶著這一問題從事運(yùn)動(dòng)減肥。因此,本文將對(duì)青少年單純性肥胖發(fā)生的原因及現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行科學(xué)合理的探索,找出預(yù)防及有效的減肥訓(xùn)練方法,來提升我國青少年的身體素質(zhì),并為以后青少年科學(xué)合理的減脂提供有效的訓(xùn)練方法和理論基礎(chǔ)。本研究從北京體育大學(xué)“天天享瘦”夏季減肥訓(xùn)練營中,通過體適能測(cè)試與評(píng)估,選取40名體重在80—120公斤,平均年齡在15歲,身高160—185厘米的單純性肥胖青少年為研究對(duì)象。根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)的需要將40名受試者按性別、身高、體重、腰臀比均勻的分成兩組,每組各20名,且所有的受試者都統(tǒng)一住宿,統(tǒng)一飲食與休息,運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間一致。第一組采用有氧結(jié)合抗阻力練習(xí),第二組采用單純有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)來完成4周的封閉式訓(xùn)練。最后進(jìn)行相對(duì)應(yīng)的測(cè)試評(píng)定和對(duì)比分析。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,得出如下結(jié)論:抗阻力練習(xí)能夠有效地增加肌肉含量,使機(jī)體大量的消耗熱量和脂肪,以達(dá)到減脂的效果;有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)結(jié)合抗阻力練習(xí)與單純有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)都能有效的降低單純性肥胖青少年機(jī)體中的脂肪含量,但是相比較而言,有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)結(jié)合抗阻力練習(xí)在降低單純性肥胖青少年的體重、體脂、腰臀比、BMI方面的效果要顯著高于單純有氧運(yùn)動(dòng);兩者都能有效降低青少年單純性肥胖者的心率、血壓,但效果相比并無明顯差異,而在提高肺活量方面,有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)結(jié)合抗阻力練習(xí)效果更明顯;兩者都有效的提高了單純性肥胖青少年身體素質(zhì),但是有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)結(jié)合抗阻力練習(xí)在力量、速度方面提高較為明顯;調(diào)查表明有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)結(jié)合抗阻力練習(xí)形式靈活、方法多樣,更易受到減肥者的喜愛,并且反彈程度小。本實(shí)驗(yàn)研究證實(shí),有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)結(jié)合抗阻力練習(xí)對(duì)單純性肥胖青少年減脂效果明顯高于單純有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)。但是兩者怎樣優(yōu)化結(jié)合,從而能起到更好的減脂效果,有待深入研究。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society and the change of diet structure, the obesity degree of Chinese teenagers is increasing rapidly at a worrying rate, and our country will soon face the severe problem of simple obesity among adolescents. In real life, it is not difficult to find a series of diseases such as coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure and abnormal metabolism caused by obesity, especially among adolescents. The country needs to invest a lot of human, financial and material resources in physical health every year. As we all know, there are many ways to lose weight, but the most popular is exercise diet, because it can not only reduce fat, but also enhance physical fitness. But in life, people tend to take aerobic exercise as the main part, but anti-resistance exercises are seldom used by people. This paper is engaged in exercise to lose weight with this problem. Therefore, this article will carry on the scientific and reasonable exploration to the youth simple obesity occurrence reason and the present situation, will find out the prevention and the effective weight loss training method, in order to enhance our country young people's physical quality, And to provide effective training methods and theoretical basis for the later scientific and reasonable fat reduction for teenagers. In the summer weight-loss training camp of Beijing University of physical Education, 40 subjects weighing 80-120 kg were selected by physical fitness test and evaluation, with an average age of 15 years. Simple obese adolescents with height of 160-185 cm were studied. According to the needs of the experiment, 40 subjects were divided into two groups according to gender, height, weight, waist-to-hip ratio, 20 in each group, and all the subjects were in uniform accommodation, diet and rest, exercise time was the same. In the first group, aerobic combined with anti-resistance exercise was used. In the second group, aerobic exercise was used to complete 4 weeks of closed training. Finally, the corresponding test evaluation and comparative analysis are carried out. Through the experimental study, the following conclusions are drawn: Anti-resistance exercises can effectively increase muscle content, make the body burn a lot of heat and fat, in order to achieve the effect of fat reduction; Aerobic exercise combined with anti-resistance exercise and aerobic exercise alone can effectively reduce the fat content in the body of simple obese teenagers, but in comparison, aerobic exercise combined with anti-resistance exercise can reduce the weight of simple obese teenagers. Body fat, waist-to-hip ratio and BMI were significantly higher than those of aerobic exercise alone; both of them could effectively reduce heart rate and blood pressure in adolescents with simple obesity, but there was no significant difference in the effect. The effect of aerobic exercise combined with anti-resistance exercise is more obvious; both of them can effectively improve the physical quality of simple obese teenagers, but aerobic exercise combined with anti-resistance exercises can improve the strength and speed more obviously. The investigation shows that aerobic exercise combined with anti-resistance exercises is flexible in form, diverse in methods, more popular with dieters, and less rebound. The results showed that the effect of aerobic exercise combined with anti-resistance exercise on fat reduction of simple obese adolescents was significantly higher than that of aerobic exercise alone. However, how to optimize the combination of the two, so as to play a better effect of fat reduction, need further study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G804.2

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