【摘要】：本次研究是在項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練理論的基礎(chǔ)上,研究集體同場(chǎng)對(duì)抗技戰(zhàn)主導(dǎo)類(lèi)項(xiàng)群(足球、籃球、手球、水球、冰球、曲棍球)比賽中的快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)問(wèn)題,以集體同場(chǎng)對(duì)抗技戰(zhàn)主導(dǎo)類(lèi)項(xiàng)群快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)作為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)這6個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)特征橫向進(jìn)行了相關(guān)探索研究,對(duì)各子項(xiàng)目快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)存在的共同點(diǎn)和差異進(jìn)行分析,接下來(lái)對(duì)其進(jìn)行細(xì)化整理,整合該項(xiàng)群各子項(xiàng)目間共有的快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)規(guī)律,并分離出該項(xiàng)群6個(gè)子項(xiàng)目自身特有的快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù),從而總結(jié)歸納出該項(xiàng)群各個(gè)子項(xiàng)目間較為完整的專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練快攻理論體系,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)適用于本項(xiàng)群各項(xiàng)目之間快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)方面起到正遷移和相互借鑒的理論平臺(tái)。項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練理論發(fā)表以來(lái),一直保持著高速的發(fā)展,主要的項(xiàng)群理論進(jìn)展有：依復(fù)合主導(dǎo)競(jìng)技能力劃分項(xiàng)群；多標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、多維度的項(xiàng)群組合；依不同項(xiàng)群特點(diǎn)劃規(guī)訓(xùn)練大周期；廣泛的應(yīng)用項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練概念。項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練理論的問(wèn)世,首先,從縱向角度看,很大程度上彌補(bǔ)了運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練學(xué)原有兩層次訓(xùn)練理論的不足,形成了由一般-項(xiàng)群-專(zhuān)項(xiàng)三層次訓(xùn)練理論構(gòu)成的新體系,很好的彌補(bǔ)了原有兩層次訓(xùn)練理論之間出現(xiàn)的斷層,在研究和揭示具有相同特點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的訓(xùn)練規(guī)律方面創(chuàng)造了可行的路徑；其次,從橫向角度看,可在項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練理論的指導(dǎo)下,對(duì)具有相似競(jìng)技特點(diǎn)與訓(xùn)練要求的項(xiàng)目展開(kāi)相似的訓(xùn)練模式,即關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練原則、內(nèi)容、負(fù)荷、方法以及訓(xùn)練安排等方面的研究,使得運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練理研究的領(lǐng)域有了更深層次的拓展。但是,就當(dāng)前對(duì)項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練理論的研究來(lái)看,仍處于比較初級(jí)狀態(tài),在對(duì)項(xiàng)群體系的劃分方面,依據(jù)不同的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)把不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目歸納為不同的項(xiàng)群,構(gòu)建了較為完善的項(xiàng)群分組框架,但并沒(méi)有提出在項(xiàng)群層面上對(duì)某一項(xiàng)群各子項(xiàng)目具體訓(xùn)練實(shí)踐共同的理論指導(dǎo)。在對(duì)項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練體系中的許多細(xì)節(jié)性問(wèn)題的研究不充分,甚至處于空白狀態(tài),具體化和針對(duì)性程度處于探索階段。同時(shí),目前國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)該項(xiàng)群的研究大都是對(duì)單一項(xiàng)目或兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目單獨(dú)研究的層面,很少能夠做到在項(xiàng)群的高度上,把同一項(xiàng)群的各子項(xiàng)目作為一個(gè)整體來(lái)進(jìn)行實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)和研究。由此可見(jiàn),目前項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練理論存在很大空缺之處,需要我們持續(xù)不斷填充、完善己構(gòu)筑的項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練理論體系框架,使其不斷發(fā)展壯大,由稚嫩走向成熟,在訓(xùn)練實(shí)踐中發(fā)揮應(yīng)有的價(jià)值,并能夠在“全民健身計(jì)劃”和“奧運(yùn)爭(zhēng)光計(jì)劃”的實(shí)施與體育教育改革中提供很好的理論指導(dǎo)和幫助。本文主要對(duì)集體同場(chǎng)對(duì)抗技戰(zhàn)主導(dǎo)類(lèi)項(xiàng)群各個(gè)項(xiàng)目的快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)的特征、實(shí)施過(guò)程、形式、技戰(zhàn)術(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)、要求以及影響因素等方面進(jìn)行整理、歸納和分析,總結(jié)出各子項(xiàng)目之間“快攻”戰(zhàn)術(shù)的共性和差異。研究結(jié)果表明：在快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用的特征、過(guò)程、形式、技戰(zhàn)術(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)、要求及影響因素等方面,集體同場(chǎng)對(duì)抗技戰(zhàn)主導(dǎo)類(lèi)項(xiàng)群各子項(xiàng)目之間存在共同特點(diǎn),并同時(shí)存在諸多差異性,這是由于該項(xiàng)群各項(xiàng)目的自身特點(diǎn)、比賽場(chǎng)地、比賽規(guī)則等方面因素的不同所造成。因此,本研究不僅有助于構(gòu)筑一個(gè)完整的集體同場(chǎng)對(duì)抗技戰(zhàn)主導(dǎo)類(lèi)項(xiàng)群的快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)理論體系,而且較好地填充和完善了之前在該項(xiàng)群進(jìn)攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)研究方面的短缺。對(duì)集體同場(chǎng)對(duì)抗技戰(zhàn)主導(dǎo)類(lèi)項(xiàng)群“快攻”戰(zhàn)術(shù)研究,其期望所在是為“項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練理論”研究的一個(gè)細(xì)小分支提供理論支撐,以及進(jìn)一步填補(bǔ)項(xiàng)群訓(xùn)練理論研究的空缺。同時(shí)為實(shí)現(xiàn)本項(xiàng)群項(xiàng)目間有效的理論遷移,豐富本項(xiàng)群快攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)理論,為該項(xiàng)群各子項(xiàng)目提供一個(gè)可以相互借鑒、相互學(xué)習(xí)的理論平臺(tái),更好的指導(dǎo)該項(xiàng)群各項(xiàng)目的教學(xué)訓(xùn)練實(shí)踐,提高各子項(xiàng)目的訓(xùn)練水平和比賽成績(jī)。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of event group training, this paper studies the fast attack tactics in the dominant group of events (soccer, basketball, handball, water polo, ice hockey, hockey) in the same game. Taking the fast attack tactics of the dominant group of events in the same game as the research object, the characteristics of the fast attack tactics of the six sports events are carried out horizontally. This paper analyzes the common points and differences of the fast-break tactics of each sub-item, then finishes and sorts them out, integrates the common fast-break tactics rules among the sub-items of the group, and separates the special fast-break tactics of the six sub-items of the group, thus sums up the comparison among the sub-items of the group. Since the publication of the event group training theory, it has maintained a high-speed development. The main progress of event group theory is as follows: dividing the event group according to compound dominant competitive ability; dividing the event group according to multi-criteria and multi-criteria; The emergence of event group training theory, first of all, from a vertical point of view, largely made up for the shortcomings of the original two-level training theory of sports training, forming a new three-level training theory consisting of general-event group-specific training theory. The system makes up the gap between the two levels of training theory and creates a feasible way to study and reveal the training rules of sports with the same characteristics; secondly, from the horizontal point of view, under the guidance of event group training theory, similar sports with similar characteristics and training requirements can be launched. Training mode, that is, the study on the principles, contents, loads, methods and training arrangements of sports training, makes the field of sports training theory research have a deeper expansion. However, the current research on the theory of event group training is still in a relatively primary state, in terms of the division of event group system, according to different division. The standard classifies different sports into different event groups and constructs a more perfect framework for event group grouping, but it does not put forward the common theoretical guidance for the specific training practice of each sub-item of a certain event group at the event group level. At the same time, at home and abroad, the research on this group is mostly on the level of a single project or two projects, and seldom on the level of the item group, the sub-items of the same item group as a whole for practical guidance and research. There are great vacancies in the theory, which need us to fill in and perfect the theoretical framework of event group training, so as to make it develop and grow from childishness to maturity, play its due value in training practice, and be able to carry out the "National Fitness Program" and "Olympic Glory Program" and reform of physical education. This paper summarizes and analyzes the characteristics, implementation process, forms, technical and tactical structure, requirements and influencing factors of the fast-break tactics of the main events in the group-on-the-spot confrontation. The results show that there are common characteristics and many differences among the sub-events of the dominant group in the same-court confrontation in terms of the characteristics, process, form, structure, requirements and influencing factors of the application of fast-break tactics. This is due to the characteristics of the sub-items of the group, the playing field and the rules of the game. Therefore, this study not only helps to construct a complete theoretical system of fast-break tactics for the dominant group of tactics in the same-court group confrontation, but also fills and perfects the shortage of previous research on the offensive tactics of this group. The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical support for a small branch of the research on the theory of event group training and to fill the gap in the theory of event group training. On the platform, it can better guide the teaching and training practice of each item of the group, and improve the training level and competition results of each sub-item.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G808.1

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本文編號(hào)：2184511