【摘要】：錯(cuò)誤動(dòng)作糾正是體育教學(xué)訓(xùn)練中的重要組成部分,當(dāng)學(xué)生出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤動(dòng)作時(shí),不同的糾正階段會(huì)影響新技能學(xué)習(xí)的進(jìn)度。特別是在排球普修課教學(xué)中,學(xué)生對(duì)新技能的接觸,難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤動(dòng)作,晚了,很難糾正；早了,錯(cuò)誤連連,無法著手。以往對(duì)錯(cuò)誤動(dòng)作糾正階段的研究?jī)H局限于基礎(chǔ)性理論學(xué)科,缺少對(duì)教學(xué)中具體動(dòng)作技能的實(shí)踐驗(yàn)證。本文根據(jù)運(yùn)動(dòng)技能形成過程的理論基礎(chǔ),通過訪談排球領(lǐng)域的專家和教師,并結(jié)合排球普修課教學(xué)實(shí)踐,試圖探究傳球錯(cuò)誤動(dòng)作糾正的合適階段,為以后的排球傳球教學(xué)提供一種新的思路和理論依據(jù)。本實(shí)驗(yàn)通過神經(jīng)類型測(cè)試、身體素質(zhì)測(cè)試和傳球初始水平的測(cè)試來挑選實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象由游泳和籃球兩專項(xiàng)組成,共分為三個(gè)同班級(jí)的實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組(同一專項(xiàng)),三者之間不存在干擾。在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中,對(duì)照組學(xué)生正常上課,實(shí)驗(yàn)組學(xué)生在未完成一定的次數(shù)前不予干預(yù),完成后再給予個(gè)別糾正,實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組的授課教師相同,教學(xué)方法不會(huì)對(duì)其產(chǎn)生影響。通過對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組60學(xué)時(shí)的教學(xué)觀察、分析,研究結(jié)果如下：1、在排球普修課教學(xué)中,從傳球動(dòng)作技能的分化階段開始進(jìn)行個(gè)別糾錯(cuò)比泛化階段糾正錯(cuò)誤效果好。2、在排球32節(jié)課(64學(xué)時(shí))的普修課中,游泳專項(xiàng)學(xué)生在連續(xù)對(duì)傳次數(shù)到20次(第8次課)左右時(shí)傳球技能的形成過程接近分化階段,籃球?qū)ｍ?xiàng)學(xué)生在連續(xù)對(duì)傳次數(shù)到30次(第10次課)左右時(shí)接近分化階段。可以認(rèn)為不同專項(xiàng)學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)傳球動(dòng)作技能時(shí),達(dá)到分化階段的量化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不同。3、大部分學(xué)習(xí)者更愿意接受教師在分化階段對(duì)自己的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行個(gè)別糾錯(cuò)。教師也認(rèn)為在分化階段進(jìn)行個(gè)別糾錯(cuò)相對(duì)比較容易,而且節(jié)省了糾正錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)間。
[Abstract]:Error correction is an important part of physical education teaching and training. When students appear wrong actions, different correction stages will affect the progress of learning new skills. Especially in the volleyball general course teaching, the students' contact with the new skills will inevitably appear wrong action, late, it is very difficult to correct; early, mistakes again and again, can not start. In the past, the research on the stage of error correction was limited to the basic theoretical subject, and the practical verification of the specific action skills in teaching was lacking. Based on the theoretical basis of the formation process of motor skills, this paper, by interviewing experts and teachers in volleyball field, and combining with the teaching practice of volleyball general course, attempts to explore the appropriate stage of correcting the wrong movement of passing the ball. To provide a new way of thinking and theoretical basis for the volleyball passing teaching in the future. In this experiment, the subjects were selected by nerve type test, physical fitness test and initial pass level test. The subjects were composed of swimming and basketball. It was divided into three experimental groups with the same class and the control group (the same special item), and there was no interference among the three groups. In the course of the experiment, the students in the control group were in normal class, the students in the experimental group did not intervene before completing a certain number of times, and then they were given individual correction after completion. The teaching teachers in the experimental group and the control group were the same, and the teaching method would not have an effect on it. Through the teaching observation of 60 hours in the experimental group and the control group, the research results are as follows: 1, in the volleyball general course teaching, Starting from the differentiation stage of passing skill, it is better to correct errors in individual error correction than in generalization stage. In 32 courses of volleyball (64 hours), The formation process of passing skills was close to the differentiation stage when the number of consecutive transfers reached 20 times (the 8th lesson), while the basketball special students reached the differentiation stage when the number of consecutive pairs reached 30 times (the 10th lesson). It can be concluded that students with different special subjects have different quantification standards to reach the differentiation stage when they learn the skills of passing movement. Most learners prefer to accept teachers' individual correction of their own actions in the differentiation stage. Teachers also think that it is relatively easy to correct errors in the differentiation stage and save time to correct them.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G842-4

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