不同地域環(huán)境下黎、藏族青少年身體機能動態(tài)監(jiān)測與研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-05 13:14
【摘要】：2014年10月20日,國務(wù)院下發(fā)了《關(guān)于加快發(fā)展體育產(chǎn)業(yè)促進體育消費的若干意見》,將全民健身上升為國家戰(zhàn)略,青少年的體質(zhì)健康研究也顯得尤為重要。研究民族體質(zhì)不僅是提高少數(shù)民族青少年健康發(fā)展的需要,更能促進民族團結(jié)和維護國家統(tǒng)一,具有一定的政治意義、經(jīng)濟意義和文化意義。橫向以2010年海南黎族、海南鄉(xiāng)村漢族以及西藏藏族7~18歲青少年男女生作為研究對象,將黎、漢、藏三民族學(xué)生的身體機能作為主要研究內(nèi)容并將各項指標(biāo)進行兩兩比較,得出相應(yīng)u、p值并分析其是否具有差異性;縱向?qū)?985年與2010年黎藏族青少年學(xué)生各項身體機能指標(biāo)進行對比,分析黎藏族學(xué)生身體機能的變化,得出結(jié)論并提出建議。研究方法主要有:文獻資料法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法、對比分析法和專家訪談法。主要研究結(jié)果如下:肺活量方面:橫向,海南黎族、漢族與西藏藏族青少年男女肺活量均隨年齡的增大而增大,其中男女生肺活量數(shù)據(jù)均顯示:漢黎藏。縱向,1985與2010年相比可知,黎、藏族男女生肺活量指標(biāo)在25年內(nèi)成下降趨勢,兩民族的下降幅度均為女生大于男生。脈搏方面:橫向,2010年黎、漢、藏族7~18歲男女生脈搏指標(biāo)均隨著年齡的變化而變化,且黎、漢、藏族男女生脈搏均值有升有降。其脈搏數(shù)據(jù)顯示為:黎漢藏,那么三民族脈搏指數(shù)高低依次為:藏漢黎�？v向,1985年與2010年相比,黎族男、女生脈搏成下降趨勢且女生下降幅度大于男生;藏族7~18男、女青少年學(xué)生的脈搏有上升趨勢,藏族男生脈搏上升幅度大于藏族女生。收縮壓方面:橫向,漢族男女生收縮壓基本平穩(wěn)上升,黎族男女生青少年收縮壓整體上升,藏族男女生該項指標(biāo)波動起伏較大�？v向,1985與2010年相比可知,黎族7~18歲女生收縮壓略有下降;黎族7~10歲男生收縮壓有所回升,11~18歲男生的收縮壓成下降趨。藏族7~18歲男、女生青少年的收縮壓成階段性提高,從1985年~2010年這25年間,藏族7~13歲女生的收縮壓成下降趨勢,14~18歲藏族女生的均值成緩慢上升趨勢。舒張壓方面:黎、漢、藏族男女生舒張壓值基本隨年齡的增長而增高,其舒張壓數(shù)據(jù)顯示為:藏漢黎,那么三民族青少年男女生舒張壓高低依次為:黎漢藏�？v向,1985與2010年相比可知,黎、藏族男女生舒張壓指標(biāo)在25年內(nèi)成下降趨勢,兩民族的下降幅度均是女生大于男生。針對上述情況,根據(jù)民族不同的地域環(huán)境、生活習(xí)慣、政策制度、社會經(jīng)濟因素等所引起的青少年身體機能所引起的變化進行說明,提出提高和改善黎族與藏族青少年身體機能的對策和建議。黎族:加強有氧運動,減少課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生健康的生活方式,少食垃圾食品。藏族:增強體育鍛煉意識,堅持有氧運動,飲食清淡,多吃水果蔬菜少吃肉,少飲酒。此外,兩地區(qū)均要完善學(xué)校內(nèi)外體育設(shè)施,優(yōu)化整合體育課程,開放體育場館等。
[Abstract]:On October 20, 2014, the State Council issued some opinions on speeding up the development of sports industry and promoting sports consumption, which raised the national fitness to a national strategy, and the study on the physical health of adolescents is especially important. The study of national constitution is not only the need to improve the healthy development of minority youth, but also to promote national unity and safeguard national unity, which has certain political, economic and cultural significance. Horizontally, the male and female students of Li nationality in Hainan, Han nationality in rural Hainan and 18 year old Tibetan in Tibet were taken as the research objects. The physical function of students of Li, Han and Tibetan nationalities was taken as the main research content and the indexes were compared in two and two. This paper draws the corresponding UHP value and analyzes whether it has any difference, and makes a longitudinal comparison between 1985 and 2010, analyzes the changes of the physical function of Li Tibetan students, draws a conclusion and puts forward some suggestions. Research methods include: literature, mathematical statistics, comparative analysis and expert interviews. The main results are as follows: in the aspect of vital capacity: transverse, Hainan Li nationality, Han nationality and Tibet Tibetan adolescent lung capacity increase with the increase of age, in which male and female vital capacity data show: Han Li Tibet. Compared with 1985 and 2010, the index of vital capacity of male and female students in Li and Zang has a downward trend in 25 years, and the decrease range of the two ethnic groups is that the ratio of female students is larger than that of boys. Pulse: transverse, 2010, Li, Han, Tibetan 718 years old male and female pulse index changes with the change of age, and Li, Han, Tibetan male and female students pulse index has increased and decreased. The pulse data showed that Li Han and Tibet, then the three nationalities pulse index in turn: Tibetan Han Li Li. Longitudinal, in 1985, compared with 2010, the pulse of Li nationality male, female pulse decreased more than boys, Tibetan 718 boys, female adolescent students pulse rising trend, Tibetan male pulse rising amplitude is larger than Tibetan girls. The systolic blood pressure of male and female students of Han nationality increased steadily, the systolic blood pressure of boys and girls of Li nationality increased as a whole, and that of Tibetan male and female students fluctuated greatly. Compared with 2010, the systolic blood pressure of 718 year old girls of Li nationality decreased slightly, and the systolic pressure of 1118 year old boys of Li nationality increased slightly. From 1985 to 2010, the systolic blood pressure of girls and girls increased in stages. The systolic pressure of girls aged 7 to 13 decreased from 1985 to 2010, and the mean value of girls aged 14 to 18 showed a slow rising trend. In terms of diastolic pressure: the diastolic blood pressure of male and female students of Li Han and Tibetan increased with the increase of age. The data of diastolic pressure showed that the diastolic pressure of boys and girls of three nationalities was: Li Han and Tibetan. Compared with 2010 in 1985, the diastolic pressure index of Tibetan male and female students in Li and Zang has a downward trend in 25 years, and the decrease range of both nationalities is that female students are larger than male students. In view of the above situation, the changes caused by the physical functions of teenagers caused by different ethnic groups' regional environment, living habits, policy and system, social and economic factors, etc., are explained. The countermeasures and suggestions to improve the physical function of Li nationality and Tibetan teenagers were put forward. Li nationality: strengthen aerobic exercise, reduce the burden of school work, cultivate students' healthy lifestyle and eat less junk food. Tibetans: strengthen the awareness of physical exercise, adhere to aerobic exercise, light diet, eat more fruits and vegetables, eat less meat, less alcohol. In addition, both regions should perfect the physical facilities inside and outside the school, optimize the integration of physical education curriculum, open sports venues and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G804.49
[Abstract]:On October 20, 2014, the State Council issued some opinions on speeding up the development of sports industry and promoting sports consumption, which raised the national fitness to a national strategy, and the study on the physical health of adolescents is especially important. The study of national constitution is not only the need to improve the healthy development of minority youth, but also to promote national unity and safeguard national unity, which has certain political, economic and cultural significance. Horizontally, the male and female students of Li nationality in Hainan, Han nationality in rural Hainan and 18 year old Tibetan in Tibet were taken as the research objects. The physical function of students of Li, Han and Tibetan nationalities was taken as the main research content and the indexes were compared in two and two. This paper draws the corresponding UHP value and analyzes whether it has any difference, and makes a longitudinal comparison between 1985 and 2010, analyzes the changes of the physical function of Li Tibetan students, draws a conclusion and puts forward some suggestions. Research methods include: literature, mathematical statistics, comparative analysis and expert interviews. The main results are as follows: in the aspect of vital capacity: transverse, Hainan Li nationality, Han nationality and Tibet Tibetan adolescent lung capacity increase with the increase of age, in which male and female vital capacity data show: Han Li Tibet. Compared with 1985 and 2010, the index of vital capacity of male and female students in Li and Zang has a downward trend in 25 years, and the decrease range of the two ethnic groups is that the ratio of female students is larger than that of boys. Pulse: transverse, 2010, Li, Han, Tibetan 718 years old male and female pulse index changes with the change of age, and Li, Han, Tibetan male and female students pulse index has increased and decreased. The pulse data showed that Li Han and Tibet, then the three nationalities pulse index in turn: Tibetan Han Li Li. Longitudinal, in 1985, compared with 2010, the pulse of Li nationality male, female pulse decreased more than boys, Tibetan 718 boys, female adolescent students pulse rising trend, Tibetan male pulse rising amplitude is larger than Tibetan girls. The systolic blood pressure of male and female students of Han nationality increased steadily, the systolic blood pressure of boys and girls of Li nationality increased as a whole, and that of Tibetan male and female students fluctuated greatly. Compared with 2010, the systolic blood pressure of 718 year old girls of Li nationality decreased slightly, and the systolic pressure of 1118 year old boys of Li nationality increased slightly. From 1985 to 2010, the systolic blood pressure of girls and girls increased in stages. The systolic pressure of girls aged 7 to 13 decreased from 1985 to 2010, and the mean value of girls aged 14 to 18 showed a slow rising trend. In terms of diastolic pressure: the diastolic blood pressure of male and female students of Li Han and Tibetan increased with the increase of age. The data of diastolic pressure showed that the diastolic pressure of boys and girls of three nationalities was: Li Han and Tibetan. Compared with 2010 in 1985, the diastolic pressure index of Tibetan male and female students in Li and Zang has a downward trend in 25 years, and the decrease range of both nationalities is that female students are larger than male students. In view of the above situation, the changes caused by the physical functions of teenagers caused by different ethnic groups' regional environment, living habits, policy and system, social and economic factors, etc., are explained. The countermeasures and suggestions to improve the physical function of Li nationality and Tibetan teenagers were put forward. Li nationality: strengthen aerobic exercise, reduce the burden of school work, cultivate students' healthy lifestyle and eat less junk food. Tibetans: strengthen the awareness of physical exercise, adhere to aerobic exercise, light diet, eat more fruits and vegetables, eat less meat, less alcohol. In addition, both regions should perfect the physical facilities inside and outside the school, optimize the integration of physical education curriculum, open sports venues and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G804.49
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