【摘要】：田徑項(xiàng)目取勝的關(guān)鍵就是爆發(fā)力,爆發(fā)力的好壞直接影響著成績是否優(yōu)異,所以田徑教練員在體育訓(xùn)練中都十分重視發(fā)展運(yùn)動(dòng)員爆發(fā)力,隨著社會(huì)對爆發(fā)力理解的不斷深入,當(dāng)代運(yùn)動(dòng)競技成績顯著提高。我們知道快速伸縮復(fù)合訓(xùn)練(Plyometrics training,以下簡稱PT)通常被作為一種提高短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢爆發(fā)力的方法,同時(shí)也有許多研究表明快速伸縮復(fù)合訓(xùn)練和負(fù)重訓(xùn)練(Weight training,以下簡稱WT)兩者相結(jié)合會(huì)取得錦上添花的效果,但是運(yùn)用何種負(fù)重方式的PT訓(xùn)練能在訓(xùn)練中發(fā)揮更好的效果,對此進(jìn)行研究的人卻很少。因此,本人通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對比和分析,希望探索出提高運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢爆發(fā)力和力量的最佳訓(xùn)練方法組合,有效的指導(dǎo)高校短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練實(shí)踐,更好地提高受訓(xùn)人員最大力量和爆發(fā)力,從而盡可能避免短跑隊(duì)員的運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷。我采用實(shí)驗(yàn)法、專家訪談法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法以及文獻(xiàn)資料法對本文進(jìn)行研究,實(shí)驗(yàn)對象是遼寧石油化工大學(xué)12名田徑短跑男運(yùn)動(dòng)員,在隨機(jī)的情況下將遼寧石油化工大學(xué)12名男田徑短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員分成6人的測試Ⅰ組和6人的測試Ⅱ組。兩組分別采用不同方式負(fù)重的快速伸縮復(fù)合訓(xùn)練進(jìn)行練習(xí),測試Ⅰ組采用WT訓(xùn)練和PT訓(xùn)練相結(jié)合的方法(Combined training,以下簡稱CT),測試Ⅱ組進(jìn)行負(fù)重快速伸縮復(fù)合訓(xùn)練(Weight plyometrics training,以下簡稱WPT),在為期8周的訓(xùn)練之后,得出最佳的提高高校短跑遠(yuǎn)動(dòng)員下肢爆發(fā)力和力量的訓(xùn)練方法組合。研究結(jié)果如下:1、經(jīng)過8周CT訓(xùn)練之后,實(shí)驗(yàn)前后運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢爆發(fā)力成績的差異為高度顯著性(P0.01),實(shí)驗(yàn)前后運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢力量成績的差異為高度顯著性(P0.01)。2、經(jīng)過8周負(fù)WPT訓(xùn)練之后,實(shí)驗(yàn)前后運(yùn)動(dòng)員的30m跑、立定三級跳、原地縱跳摸高、爆發(fā)力測試儀和專項(xiàng)成績的差異為高度顯著性(P0.01),實(shí)驗(yàn)前后立定跳遠(yuǎn)成績的差異為顯著性(P0.05)。實(shí)驗(yàn)前后運(yùn)動(dòng)員的蹲起1RM和60%自重半蹲5次計(jì)時(shí)成績的差異為顯著性(P0.01),實(shí)驗(yàn)前后蹲起/體重比成績的差異為高度顯著性(P0.05)。3、經(jīng)過8周訓(xùn)練之后,測試Ⅰ組和測試Ⅱ組的30m跑、立定三級跳、原地縱跳摸高、專項(xiàng)成績的差異為顯著性(P0.05),爆發(fā)力測試儀成績得差異為高度顯著性(P0.01);測試Ⅰ組的蹲起1RM和60%自重半蹲5次計(jì)時(shí)成績的差異為顯著性(P0.05),蹲起/體重比成績的差異為高度顯著性(P0.01),測試Ⅰ組的各項(xiàng)成績優(yōu)于測試Ⅱ組。研究結(jié)論:CT訓(xùn)練可以有效提高高校男子二級短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢爆發(fā)力和力量;WPT訓(xùn)練可以有效提高高校男子二級短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢爆發(fā)力和力量;CT訓(xùn)練與WPT訓(xùn)練相比較而言,前者對高校男子二級短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢爆發(fā)力和力量的提高更有效。
[Abstract]:The key to winning track and field events is explosive power, which directly affects whether the result is excellent or not. Therefore, track and field coaches attach great importance to the development of athletes' explosive power in sports training, and with the deepening of society's understanding of explosive power, Competitive performance in contemporary sports has improved significantly. We know that Plyometrics training (hereinafter referred to as PT) is often used as a way to increase the explosive force of the lower extremities of sprinters. At the same time, many studies have shown that the combination of rapid stretching training and weight training (hereinafter referred to as WT) can add to the success of the training, but what kind of weight bearing PT training can play a better role in the training. Few people have studied it. Therefore, through the comparison and analysis of the experiment, I hope to explore the best combination of training methods to improve the explosive force and strength of the lower extremities of the athletes, and to effectively guide the training practice of the college sprinters. Improve the maximum strength and explosive power of the trainees, so as to avoid sprinters' sports injuries. I use experimental method, expert interview method, mathematical statistics method and literature method to study this article. The experimental object is 12 male track and field sprinters from Liaoning University of Petrochemical Technology. Under random conditions, 12 male sprinters from Liaoning University of Petroleum and Chemical Technology were divided into 6 test group I and 6 test group II. The two groups were trained with different ways of rapid stretching training. Group I was trained by combining WT training with PT training (CT), and group 鈪，

本文編號：2124308