本文選題：老年人 + 冰狀環(huán)境��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究通過對健康老年人冰狀環(huán)境行走步態(tài)的生物力學(xué)研究,為探討老年人冰狀環(huán)境行走的生物力學(xué)特征機(jī)制,預(yù)防老年人跌倒,制定有效的干預(yù)措施具有重要的意義。研究選擇Quintic動作捕捉分析系統(tǒng)和Footscan insole system壓力分布獲得老年人在正常路面和冰狀環(huán)境上的運動學(xué)參數(shù)和足底壓力參數(shù),并進(jìn)行比較分析,研究結(jié)論如下:5.1與普通行走相比,老年人在冰狀環(huán)境上行走時,一個步態(tài)周期所用的時間減少,其中支撐期相對增加,擺動期大幅度減少,由于支撐期尤其是雙支撐期雙腳著地時,會有效增大支撐面積,因此老年人會通過增加雙支撐期的時間縮短擺動期的時間維持身體平衡進(jìn)而降低跌倒的風(fēng)險。5.2與普通行走相比,老年人冰狀環(huán)境上行走步長值大幅度減少,步寬值顯著性降低(p0.05),行走的速度大幅度降低。5.3與普通行走相比,冰狀環(huán)境上行走軀干角活動范圍顯著性低(P0.01),髖關(guān)節(jié)活動范圍與正常行走相比,略有下降;膝關(guān)節(jié)的活動范圍和踝關(guān)節(jié)的活動范圍值較正常行走下降更加明顯;步偏角值顯著性減小,提示冰狀環(huán)境行走小步幅,穩(wěn)姿勢的行走模式。5.4與普通行走相比,冰狀環(huán)境上行走足底壓力中心在X軸和Y軸上的變化均減弱,足底壓力重心更加集中于人體足的中部,以保持身體的平衡,在正常路面上行走足底壓力中心集中于人體足的前半部分以保持一定的步伐和速度。5.5冰狀環(huán)境上行走足跟壓強(qiáng)峰值偏低,而在T1即足底大拇指部位的壓強(qiáng)上,冰狀環(huán)境上行走非常顯著性高于正常路面行走(P0.05);T1、T2-T5、M4部位的沖量值顯著性高于普通行走。
[Abstract]:In this study, the biomechanical study of walking gait in the ice environment of the healthy elderly is of great significance in exploring the biomechanical characteristics of walking in the ice environment of the elderly, preventing the elderly from falling down and making effective intervention measures. Quintic motion capture analysis system and footscan insole system pressure distribution were selected to obtain kinematics parameters and plantar pressure parameters of the elderly in normal pavement and ice environment. The results are as follows: 1. When the elderly walk in ice-like environment, the time spent on a gait cycle is reduced, in which the support period is relatively increased and the swing period is greatly reduced, because the support period, especially when the feet are on the ground during the double support period, will effectively increase the supporting area. As a result, older people will maintain their balance and reduce the risk of falling down by increasing the time of double support period and shortening the time of swing period. 5.2 compared with ordinary walking, the walking step length of the elderly in ice-like environment is significantly reduced. The step width was significantly decreased (p0.05), and the walking speed was significantly decreased .5.3 compared with normal walking, the range of walking trunk angle in ice environment was significantly lower (P0.01), and the range of hip joint movement was slightly lower than that of normal walking. The range of motion of knee joint and the range of motion of ankle joint decreased more obviously than that of normal walking, and the deviation angle of walking decreased significantly, which indicated that the walking range of ice environment was small, and the walking mode of steady posture was .5.4 compared with that of normal walking, and the motion range of knee joint and ankle joint decreased more obviously than that of normal walking. In ice environment, the change of plantar pressure center on X axis and Y axis is weakened, and the center of plantar pressure is more concentrated in the middle of human foot to keep the balance of body. Walking on a normal road surface, the pressure center of the foot is concentrated on the front part of the human foot to maintain a certain pace and speed. 5.5 the peak pressure of the heel is low in the ice environment, but on T1, the pressure of the thumb on the foot, Walking in ice-like environment was significantly higher than that in normal pavement (P0.05) the impulse value of T1T2-T5M4 was significantly higher than that of normal walking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G804.6

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