本文選題：歐洲杯 + 前場(chǎng)任意球��； 參考：《西安體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：從我國(guó)的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)展總體水平來(lái)看,我國(guó)的足球水平目前處于一個(gè)整體發(fā)展較為落后的狀況,而我國(guó)足球國(guó)家隊(duì)在許多訓(xùn)練及比賽中的表現(xiàn)也差強(qiáng)人意,從我國(guó)足球國(guó)家隊(duì)屢次比賽情況就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)許多需要改進(jìn)和改變的地方。本研究以2016年歐洲杯前八強(qiáng)球隊(duì)在比賽中的前場(chǎng)任意球戰(zhàn)略戰(zhàn)術(shù)布置為研究目標(biāo),對(duì)世界一流的足球水平的戰(zhàn)術(shù)運(yùn)用進(jìn)行分析,并從中找出這些球隊(duì)在前場(chǎng)任意球攻、守戰(zhàn)術(shù)方面所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的規(guī)律和應(yīng)對(duì),以學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)悟當(dāng)下世界一流足球比賽中前場(chǎng)任意球的地位與戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃趨勢(shì)。以為我國(guó)的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員及教練員提供戰(zhàn)略部署的借鑒及參考。本研究運(yùn)用了文獻(xiàn)資料法、專(zhuān)家訪談法、錄像觀察法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法等研究方法,通過(guò)對(duì)比賽視頻的觀察統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,包括了2016年第十五屆法國(guó)歐洲杯前八強(qiáng)球隊(duì)在各個(gè)比賽階段的全部36場(chǎng)比賽中前場(chǎng)任意球進(jìn)攻與防守的戰(zhàn)術(shù)運(yùn)用形式的分析及整合。戰(zhàn)術(shù)進(jìn)攻層面重點(diǎn)對(duì)各隊(duì)各區(qū)域射門(mén)方式、次數(shù)、形式、效果及各隊(duì)二次進(jìn)攻、成功限制對(duì)手反擊、被對(duì)手反擊射門(mén)情況進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析;戰(zhàn)術(shù)防守層面重點(diǎn)對(duì)各隊(duì)各區(qū)域防守成敗次數(shù)、原因、陣型及人墻排列情況、禁區(qū)內(nèi)防守人數(shù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。研究結(jié)果顯示:1、由多種比賽及相關(guān)研究中都可以看出,前場(chǎng)任意球的重要性在不斷提高,而在國(guó)際賽場(chǎng)的表現(xiàn)中,目前占據(jù)任意球絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)地位的依然是歐洲的傳統(tǒng)足球強(qiáng)隊(duì)。2、根據(jù)第十五屆歐洲杯足球錦標(biāo)賽決賽階段的數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),前場(chǎng)任意球射門(mén)方式中,直接射門(mén)方式較以往大大減少,與以往直接射門(mén)數(shù)一般大于等于配合射門(mén)數(shù)的研究結(jié)果。3、在統(tǒng)計(jì)中顯示出,中路以直接射門(mén)為主要射門(mén)方式,并且射門(mén)的角度會(huì)隨著射門(mén)次數(shù)的增大而增大,而隨著射門(mén)角度的增大,射門(mén)進(jìn)攻的組織方式也會(huì)出現(xiàn)相應(yīng)的改變。4、在任意球進(jìn)攻方選擇配合射門(mén)時(shí),統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示傳中搶點(diǎn)射門(mén)配合的數(shù)量在此次決賽中有大幅度提升,并且命中率及配合效果較以往都有更好的效果。5、在統(tǒng)計(jì)中,前場(chǎng)任意球得分率最高的球隊(duì)分別為法國(guó)隊(duì)和德國(guó)隊(duì),而這兩個(gè)隊(duì)伍在前場(chǎng)任意球的防守部署中,以防守隊(duì)員的站位為主,多用整體布防的防守戰(zhàn)略,這種防守方式可以起到對(duì)要害空間實(shí)行完整的布防及對(duì)于和攻擊隊(duì)員的盯防兩周防守的完美結(jié)合。6、在分析球隊(duì)的前場(chǎng)任意球防守戰(zhàn)略部署時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),比較成功的前場(chǎng)任意球防守,將防守職責(zé)主要以三種方式體現(xiàn),第一種是廣泛使用的防守人墻的方式,這種方式的好處是進(jìn)攻方的進(jìn)攻難度會(huì)大幅度增大;第二種主要防守方式是分散隊(duì)員封鎖要害空間,這種防守方式更加靈活;第三種防守方式是以盯防進(jìn)攻隊(duì)員為防守目標(biāo)。這三種防守方式的選擇主要根據(jù)任意球罰球點(diǎn)區(qū)域、及進(jìn)攻隊(duì)員的優(yōu)勢(shì)特點(diǎn)來(lái)選擇防守力量的重點(diǎn)部署。
[Abstract]:Judging from the overall level of sports development in China, the football level of our country is at present in a relatively backward situation of overall development, and the performance of our national football team in many training and matches is also unsatisfactory. From the situation of our country's national soccer team, we can find a lot of improvements and changes. In this study, the strategy and tactics arrangement of the top eight teams in the Euro 2016 competition in the front field free kick is the research goal, the tactics application of the world first class football level is analyzed, and these teams are found out the free kick attack in the front field. In order to learn and understand the position and strategic planning trend of free-kick in the front field of the world class football match, the rules and countermeasures of defending tactics are presented in order to study and comprehend the position of free kick in the front field of the world class football match. For our country's football players and coaches to provide strategic planning reference and reference. This study uses the methods of literature, expert interview, video observation, mathematical statistics and so on, through the observation and statistical analysis of the game video. It includes the analysis and integration of the tactics of attacking and defending in the front field in all 36 matches of the top eight teams in the 15th European Championship in 2016. At the level of tactical attack, it focuses on the shooting mode, times, form, effect and the second attack of each team, which limits the counterattack of the opponent, and analyzes the shooting situation of each team by the counterattack. The tactical defense level focuses on the number of defenses success or failure, the reasons, the formation and the arrangement of the walls, and the number of defenders in the restricted area. The results of the study show that the importance of free kicks in the front field is constantly increasing in various competitions and related studies, while in the performance of the international arena, At present, the absolute dominance of free kicks is still dominated by European traditional football teams. According to the statistics of the final stage of the 15th European Cup Football Championships, direct shooting methods in the previous field free kicks have been greatly reduced compared with those in the past. Compared with the previous research results that the number of direct shots is larger than the number of combined shots, the statistics show that direct shooting is the main way of shooting in the middle road, and the angle of shooting will increase with the increase of the number of shots. With the increase of shooting angle, the organization of shooting attack will also be changed accordingly. When the free-kick attacking side chooses to cooperate with the shooting, statistics show that the number of shots coordinated with each other has been greatly improved in this final. In the statistics, the teams with the highest scoring rate in the front field were France and Germany respectively, and these two teams were in the defensive deployment of the free kick in the front field. With the defensive players' position as the main position, the defensive strategy of using the whole defense, This kind of defense method can play a complete deployment of the vital space and perfect combination of two-week defense with the attacking players. When analyzing the team's defensive strategy of free kick in the front court, we can find that the more successful free kick defense in the front court. The defense duties are mainly embodied in three ways. The first is the widely used defensive wall. The advantage of this way is that the offensive difficulty of the offensive side will be greatly increased; the second main defense method is to disperse the players to block the vital space. This kind of defense is more flexible; the third is to mark the offensive player as the defensive target. The selection of these three defense methods is mainly based on the free kick free throw area and the advantage characteristics of the offensive players to select the key defensive force deployment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G843

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