發(fā)布時間：2018-05-03 13:04

  本文選題：劃艇 + 生化指標��； 參考：《西安體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:伴隨著2016年里約奧運會的緊張到來。為了能使運動員以最好的精神狀態(tài)發(fā)揮出最優(yōu)秀的比賽成績,除了依靠運動員自身通過長期的訓(xùn)練、比賽所積累的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)之外,運用生理生化指標對運動員的身體機能進行檢測與評定,顯得尤為重要。對運動員進行的身體機能狀態(tài)評定,是對運動員訓(xùn)練負荷以及掌握其身體機能狀態(tài)、訓(xùn)練科學(xué)性等的重要的檢驗方法。本研究以參加2016年里約奧運會的男子劃艇長組運動員為研究對象,探討劃艇訓(xùn)練的特點及運用生理生化指標對訓(xùn)練進行監(jiān)控的研究,希望找到有效的生理生化指標及其變化規(guī)律,為劃艇的科學(xué)訓(xùn)練進一步完善提供參考。方法:本文以國家劃艇4名運動員為本次論文研究對象,采用跟蹤研究,觀察并記錄訓(xùn)練情況及測試各個指標得到結(jié)果后加以分析并及時反饋給教練員,讓教練員及時地了解運動員的身體機能狀況,運用文獻法、專家訪談法、實驗觀察法等,通過對國家劃艇運動員備戰(zhàn)里約奧運會比賽期間訓(xùn)練過程中的機能評定,研究探討部分生化指標的有效性,可行性、指標及訓(xùn)練之間的相關(guān)性、指標和指標之間的相關(guān)性,為劃艇的訓(xùn)練和監(jiān)控提供一定的參考依據(jù)。整個監(jiān)測有三個階段,分別為世錦賽備戰(zhàn)期間、亞錦賽備戰(zhàn)期間以及冬訓(xùn)期間。以紅細胞、白細胞、血紅蛋白、尿素氮、血清肌酸激酶五個指標對集訓(xùn)期的運動員機能狀況進行了系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測,并通過統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法獨立樣本檢驗探討不同時期指標的差異,通過分析研究指標與指標的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果:本次跟蹤監(jiān)測研究結(jié)果顯示,在三個備戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練期間,血清肌酸酶波動程度隨著運動負荷的增大而增大,提示運動員適應(yīng)大強度訓(xùn)練能力加強;血尿素均呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降的趨勢,與運動量變化趨勢保持一致;血紅蛋白、紅細胞、白細胞尚未出現(xiàn)顯著性差異。同時,備戰(zhàn)期間對運動員的生理生化指標進行完整的跟蹤監(jiān)控,真正做到了為教練員制定運動員狀態(tài)的“晴雨表”,為促進運動員的能力的提高與疲勞后的恢復(fù)、為國家劃艇隊較好的完成訓(xùn)練計劃和訓(xùn)練目標奠定了基礎(chǔ)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)單純的對運動隊整體分析是不夠的,建立運動員個體分析體系十分必要;通過建立個人指標庫,使今后開展運動員技能評定有據(jù)可依。結(jié)論:四名運動員生化指標的特征表現(xiàn)為:(1)四名國家隊劃艇運動員在備戰(zhàn)期間紅細胞和血紅蛋白均值一直保持在一個較高的水平,其中王龍*的血紅蛋白含量高達174.5g/L。(2)白細胞在各個時期都不具有顯著性差異(P0.05),基本都在正常值范圍內(nèi)波動,免疫能力在整個備戰(zhàn)階段沒有過大異常變動。(3)王龍*、陳**和鄭**三名運動員尿素氮在各個時期波動不大,都處于正常范圍之內(nèi);王龍*在訓(xùn)練前期尿素氮均值超過了正常值為7.51mmol/L,原因由于之前兩個多月訓(xùn)練量的累積使其有了一定的身體疲勞積累,屬正常。(4)四名劃艇運動員在整個備戰(zhàn)期間CK基本水平值在正常值范圍內(nèi)波動,僅有王日*出現(xiàn)一過性高值提示力量訓(xùn)練對此刺激明顯,CK值平穩(wěn)變化可以看出力量相對較小,沒有對肌肉造成明顯刺激。
[Abstract]:Objective: with the arrival of the Rio Olympic Games in 2016, in order to enable the athletes to play the best results in the best mental state, in addition to the athletes themselves through long-term training and the skills and tactics accumulated in the competition, the physical and biochemical indexes are used to test and evaluate the physical function of the mobilization. The assessment of the physical function state of the athletes is an important test method for the training load of the athletes, the state of their physical function and the scientific training. In this study, the athletes of the men rowing group who participated in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games were taken as the research object to explore the characteristics of the canoeing training and the use of physiological and biochemical fingers. We hope to find effective physiological and biochemical indexes and their changing rules, and provide reference for the further improvement of the canoeing training. In this paper, 4 national rowing athletes were used as the research object of this paper. Following the following research, the training situation was observed and recorded and the results were added. Through the analysis and timely feedback to the coach, let the coach understand the physical function of the athletes in a timely manner, using the literature method, expert interview method, experimental observation method and so on. Through the evaluation of the function of the national rowing athletes during the training process during the Rio Olympic Games, the effectiveness, feasibility and indicators of some of the biochemical indexes are studied and discussed. The correlation between training and training, the correlation between indicators and indicators, provides a reference for the training and monitoring of rowing. There are three stages in the whole monitoring period: during the preparation of the world championships, during the preparation of the Asian Championships and during the winter training period, five indexes of red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, urea nitrogen and serum creatine kinase are set. The functional status of the athletes in the training period was systematically monitored, and the difference between the indexes in different periods was examined by the independent sample test of statistics. The correlation between the indexes and the indexes was analyzed. The results of the study showed that the degree of serum creatine enzyme fluctuation was increased with the increase of exercise load during the three training periods. Large and larger, suggesting that the athletes should adapt to the strength of high intensity training; the blood urea showed a trend of first rising and then declining, and the trend of the change in movement. Hemoglobin, red blood cells and white blood cells have not had significant differences. At the same time, the physiological and biochemical indexes of the athletes were completely tracked and monitored during the preparation period. It has laid the foundation for the improvement of the athletes' ability and the recovery after fatigue. It has laid the foundation for the national rowing team to complete the training plan and training goal. It is found that the analysis of the sports team is not enough. It is necessary to establish the individual analysis system of the athletes; The individual index library was established to make the evaluation of athletes' skills in the future. Conclusion: the characteristics of the biochemical indexes of four athletes were as follows: (1) the mean of red blood cells and hemoglobin in four national rowing athletes remained at a high level during the period of preparation, and the hemoglobin content of Wang long * was as high as 174.5g/L. (2). There was no significant difference (P0.05) in each period, basically in the range of normal value, and the immune ability had not changed greatly during the whole preparation period. (3) Wang long *, Chen * * and Zheng * * three athletes were in a normal range, and the urea nitrogen in the early period of training exceeded the normal range. The normal value is 7.51mmol/L, because the cumulative amount of training for more than two months has made it have a certain physical fatigue accumulation, which is normal. (4) four rowing athletes fluctuate within the range of normal value during the whole period of preparation for the whole period of war. Only Wang sun * has an excessive high value training for this stimulation, and the CK value is changed smoothly. It can be seen that the force is relatively small and does not cause obvious stimulation to muscles.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G861.4

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