發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-03 13:04

  本文選題：劃艇 + 生化指標(biāo)��； 參考：《西安體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:伴隨著2016年里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)的緊張到來(lái)。為了能使運(yùn)動(dòng)員以最好的精神狀態(tài)發(fā)揮出最優(yōu)秀的比賽成績(jī),除了依靠運(yùn)動(dòng)員自身通過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的訓(xùn)練、比賽所積累的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)之外,運(yùn)用生理生化指標(biāo)對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的身體機(jī)能進(jìn)行檢測(cè)與評(píng)定,顯得尤為重要。對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行的身體機(jī)能狀態(tài)評(píng)定,是對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員訓(xùn)練負(fù)荷以及掌握其身體機(jī)能狀態(tài)、訓(xùn)練科學(xué)性等的重要的檢驗(yàn)方法。本研究以參加2016年里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)的男子劃艇長(zhǎng)組運(yùn)動(dòng)員為研究對(duì)象,探討劃艇訓(xùn)練的特點(diǎn)及運(yùn)用生理生化指標(biāo)對(duì)訓(xùn)練進(jìn)行監(jiān)控的研究,希望找到有效的生理生化指標(biāo)及其變化規(guī)律,為劃艇的科學(xué)訓(xùn)練進(jìn)一步完善提供參考。方法:本文以國(guó)家劃艇4名運(yùn)動(dòng)員為本次論文研究對(duì)象,采用跟蹤研究,觀察并記錄訓(xùn)練情況及測(cè)試各個(gè)指標(biāo)得到結(jié)果后加以分析并及時(shí)反饋給教練員,讓教練員及時(shí)地了解運(yùn)動(dòng)員的身體機(jī)能狀況,運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)法、專家訪談法、實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察法等,通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)家劃艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員備戰(zhàn)里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)比賽期間訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中的機(jī)能評(píng)定,研究探討部分生化指標(biāo)的有效性,可行性、指標(biāo)及訓(xùn)練之間的相關(guān)性、指標(biāo)和指標(biāo)之間的相關(guān)性,為劃艇的訓(xùn)練和監(jiān)控提供一定的參考依據(jù)。整個(gè)監(jiān)測(cè)有三個(gè)階段,分別為世錦賽備戰(zhàn)期間、亞錦賽備戰(zhàn)期間以及冬訓(xùn)期間。以紅細(xì)胞、白細(xì)胞、血紅蛋白、尿素氮、血清肌酸激酶五個(gè)指標(biāo)對(duì)集訓(xùn)期的運(yùn)動(dòng)員機(jī)能狀況進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測(cè),并通過(guò)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法獨(dú)立樣本檢驗(yàn)探討不同時(shí)期指標(biāo)的差異,通過(guò)分析研究指標(biāo)與指標(biāo)的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果:本次跟蹤監(jiān)測(cè)研究結(jié)果顯示,在三個(gè)備戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練期間,血清肌酸酶波動(dòng)程度隨著運(yùn)動(dòng)負(fù)荷的增大而增大,提示運(yùn)動(dòng)員適應(yīng)大強(qiáng)度訓(xùn)練能力加強(qiáng);血尿素均呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降的趨勢(shì),與運(yùn)動(dòng)量變化趨勢(shì)保持一致;血紅蛋白、紅細(xì)胞、白細(xì)胞尚未出現(xiàn)顯著性差異。同時(shí),備戰(zhàn)期間對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的生理生化指標(biāo)進(jìn)行完整的跟蹤監(jiān)控,真正做到了為教練員制定運(yùn)動(dòng)員狀態(tài)的“晴雨表”,為促進(jìn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的能力的提高與疲勞后的恢復(fù)、為國(guó)家劃艇隊(duì)較好的完成訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃和訓(xùn)練目標(biāo)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)單純的對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)整體分析是不夠的,建立運(yùn)動(dòng)員個(gè)體分析體系十分必要;通過(guò)建立個(gè)人指標(biāo)庫(kù),使今后開(kāi)展運(yùn)動(dòng)員技能評(píng)定有據(jù)可依。結(jié)論:四名運(yùn)動(dòng)員生化指標(biāo)的特征表現(xiàn)為:(1)四名國(guó)家隊(duì)劃艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員在備戰(zhàn)期間紅細(xì)胞和血紅蛋白均值一直保持在一個(gè)較高的水平,其中王龍*的血紅蛋白含量高達(dá)174.5g/L。(2)白細(xì)胞在各個(gè)時(shí)期都不具有顯著性差異(P0.05),基本都在正常值范圍內(nèi)波動(dòng),免疫能力在整個(gè)備戰(zhàn)階段沒(méi)有過(guò)大異常變動(dòng)。(3)王龍*、陳**和鄭**三名運(yùn)動(dòng)員尿素氮在各個(gè)時(shí)期波動(dòng)不大,都處于正常范圍之內(nèi);王龍*在訓(xùn)練前期尿素氮均值超過(guò)了正常值為7.51mmol/L,原因由于之前兩個(gè)多月訓(xùn)練量的累積使其有了一定的身體疲勞積累,屬正常。(4)四名劃艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員在整個(gè)備戰(zhàn)期間CK基本水平值在正常值范圍內(nèi)波動(dòng),僅有王日*出現(xiàn)一過(guò)性高值提示力量訓(xùn)練對(duì)此刺激明顯,CK值平穩(wěn)變化可以看出力量相對(duì)較小,沒(méi)有對(duì)肌肉造成明顯刺激。
[Abstract]:Objective: with the arrival of the Rio Olympic Games in 2016, in order to enable the athletes to play the best results in the best mental state, in addition to the athletes themselves through long-term training and the skills and tactics accumulated in the competition, the physical and biochemical indexes are used to test and evaluate the physical function of the mobilization. The assessment of the physical function state of the athletes is an important test method for the training load of the athletes, the state of their physical function and the scientific training. In this study, the athletes of the men rowing group who participated in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games were taken as the research object to explore the characteristics of the canoeing training and the use of physiological and biochemical fingers. We hope to find effective physiological and biochemical indexes and their changing rules, and provide reference for the further improvement of the canoeing training. In this paper, 4 national rowing athletes were used as the research object of this paper. Following the following research, the training situation was observed and recorded and the results were added. Through the analysis and timely feedback to the coach, let the coach understand the physical function of the athletes in a timely manner, using the literature method, expert interview method, experimental observation method and so on. Through the evaluation of the function of the national rowing athletes during the training process during the Rio Olympic Games, the effectiveness, feasibility and indicators of some of the biochemical indexes are studied and discussed. The correlation between training and training, the correlation between indicators and indicators, provides a reference for the training and monitoring of rowing. There are three stages in the whole monitoring period: during the preparation of the world championships, during the preparation of the Asian Championships and during the winter training period, five indexes of red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, urea nitrogen and serum creatine kinase are set. The functional status of the athletes in the training period was systematically monitored, and the difference between the indexes in different periods was examined by the independent sample test of statistics. The correlation between the indexes and the indexes was analyzed. The results of the study showed that the degree of serum creatine enzyme fluctuation was increased with the increase of exercise load during the three training periods. Large and larger, suggesting that the athletes should adapt to the strength of high intensity training; the blood urea showed a trend of first rising and then declining, and the trend of the change in movement. Hemoglobin, red blood cells and white blood cells have not had significant differences. At the same time, the physiological and biochemical indexes of the athletes were completely tracked and monitored during the preparation period. It has laid the foundation for the improvement of the athletes' ability and the recovery after fatigue. It has laid the foundation for the national rowing team to complete the training plan and training goal. It is found that the analysis of the sports team is not enough. It is necessary to establish the individual analysis system of the athletes; The individual index library was established to make the evaluation of athletes' skills in the future. Conclusion: the characteristics of the biochemical indexes of four athletes were as follows: (1) the mean of red blood cells and hemoglobin in four national rowing athletes remained at a high level during the period of preparation, and the hemoglobin content of Wang long * was as high as 174.5g/L. (2). There was no significant difference (P0.05) in each period, basically in the range of normal value, and the immune ability had not changed greatly during the whole preparation period. (3) Wang long *, Chen * * and Zheng * * three athletes were in a normal range, and the urea nitrogen in the early period of training exceeded the normal range. The normal value is 7.51mmol/L, because the cumulative amount of training for more than two months has made it have a certain physical fatigue accumulation, which is normal. (4) four rowing athletes fluctuate within the range of normal value during the whole period of preparation for the whole period of war. Only Wang sun * has an excessive high value training for this stimulation, and the CK value is changed smoothly. It can be seen that the force is relatively small and does not cause obvious stimulation to muscles.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G861.4

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