本文選題：重慶市 + 青少年后備人才��； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為體育項目中的基礎(chǔ)大項,田徑項目不僅是一種體育實踐活動,更是一種文化載體,是一個國家綜合國力的重要體現(xiàn)。青少年田徑項目后備人才的培養(yǎng)是田徑競技體育能否取得持續(xù)發(fā)展的致勝因素,是我國體育事業(yè)發(fā)展的主要命題之一。國家體育總局制定的《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)競技體育后備人才培養(yǎng)工作的指導(dǎo)意見》要求充分發(fā)揮我國競技體育舉國體制的優(yōu)勢,構(gòu)建行之有效后備人才培養(yǎng)體系,把青少年運(yùn)動員人才發(fā)掘與培養(yǎng)工作提升到國家體育發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略地位。競技后備人才培養(yǎng)與體育項目布局相輔相成,田徑作為獎牌數(shù)量最多的競技體育項目,對青少年田徑競技人才布局的分析與研究,有利于區(qū)分田徑優(yōu)勢項目和潛力項目,為田徑競技體育后備人才培養(yǎng)找準(zhǔn)方向。基于此大背景下,重慶市加強(qiáng)了對青少年田徑運(yùn)動員的培養(yǎng),著力構(gòu)建以體育院校為龍頭、業(yè)余體校為支撐、大中小學(xué)校為補(bǔ)充的多元化青少年田徑后備人才培養(yǎng)體系,加強(qiáng)了業(yè)余體校和體育傳統(tǒng)項目學(xué)校管理,這也標(biāo)志著重慶市體育事業(yè),尤其是田徑項目方面取得突破性進(jìn)展。本研究綜合相關(guān)優(yōu)秀研究成果,著力調(diào)查重慶市青少年后備人才發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,結(jié)合重慶市實際情況,分析重慶市青少年田徑運(yùn)動的優(yōu)勢項目、潛優(yōu)勢項目、弱勢項目及影響因素,以期為重慶市青少年田徑競技后備人才培養(yǎng)提供正確的方向,從而為重慶市青少年田徑競技后備人才發(fā)展提供建設(shè)性的意見和建議。本文采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、問卷調(diào)查法、實地訪談法、統(tǒng)計分析法、帕累托分析法等研究方法,以重慶市2013-2016年全國中學(xué)生田徑錦標(biāo)賽成績?yōu)檠芯繉ο?通過對重慶市12所學(xué)校的教練員和運(yùn)動員進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查,從運(yùn)動員、教練員的基本情況,運(yùn)動員的比賽成績進(jìn)行分析。根據(jù)分析得出以下結(jié)論:(1)近年來重慶市青少年田徑的整體實力呈現(xiàn)上升的趨勢,但是在短跑項目和跳躍項目的競爭實力逐漸減弱。青少年田徑后備人才短缺,集團(tuán)優(yōu)勢不明顯,一定程度上阻礙了重慶市青少年田徑水平的進(jìn)一步提高。(2)重慶市青少年田徑優(yōu)勢項目為:男子100米、200米、400米、跳遠(yuǎn)、接力;女子100米欄、300米欄、200米、400米;潛優(yōu)勢項目為:男子三級跳遠(yuǎn)、跳高、800米、1500米;女子100米、400米欄、跳遠(yuǎn)、三級跳遠(yuǎn)、跳高;弱勢項目為:男子3000米、5000米、投擲類、全能類;女子800米、1500米、3000米、投擲類、全能類。(3)重慶市青少年運(yùn)動員運(yùn)動等級水平較低,運(yùn)動項目和運(yùn)動員性別分布不平衡。絕大多數(shù)運(yùn)動員從事田徑訓(xùn)練的動機(jī)集中在個人愛好和升學(xué)壓力。(4)重慶市青少年田徑教練員學(xué)歷水平普遍偏高,但從業(yè)年限不長,繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)的意識不強(qiáng)。由于多方面的原因,教練員隊伍面臨著訓(xùn)練經(jīng)驗和執(zhí)教能力斷層的危險。(5)影響重慶市青少年田徑后備人才項目分布的因素有:后備人才選材和引進(jìn)因素、高水平教練因素、經(jīng)費(fèi)和投入問題、激勵機(jī)制的影響、科技及市場因素的影響。研究針對重慶市青少年田徑運(yùn)動員項目分布現(xiàn)狀及其影響因素得出的結(jié)論及存在的問題,給出以下幾點(diǎn)建議:(1)發(fā)展優(yōu)勢項目,建立多渠道后備人才選拔和培養(yǎng)體系。(2)完善教練員培訓(xùn)考核機(jī)制,打造高水平的教練員隊伍。(3)拓寬經(jīng)費(fèi)渠道,設(shè)立青少年田徑項目發(fā)展的專項基金。(4)構(gòu)建重慶市青少年田徑后備人才保障體系和激勵機(jī)制。(5)完善政策法規(guī)和競賽制度,提供制度保障。(6)發(fā)展科技,加快田徑項目的社會化、市場化發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As a basic item in sports, track and field events are not only a kind of sports practice, but also a cultural carrier. It is an important embodiment of a country's comprehensive national strength. The cultivation of the reserve talents for young and young track and field sports is a winning factor for the sustainable development of athletics sports, and the main proposition of the development of China's sports cause. First, the guiding opinions on Further Strengthening the training of reserve talents for competitive sports formulated by the State General Administration of physical education are required to give full play to the advantages of our country's competitive sports system, to build an effective training system for reserve talents, and to promote the important strategic areas of the national sports development by the exploration and training of young athletes. Competitive reserve personnel training and sports project layout complement each other, track and field as the most medals of competitive sports, the analysis and Research on the layout of young and track athletic talents, is beneficial to distinguish the track and field advantages and potential projects, for the track and field athletic sports reserve personnel training direction. Based on this background, Chongqing The city has strengthened the training of young and young track and field athletes, focused on the construction of a diversified training system for Juvenile Track and field reserve talents, supported by sports colleges and universities as the lead, amateur sports schools as a support, and supplemented by primary and middle schools, and strengthened the management of Amateur Sports schools and sports traditional project schools. This also marks the sports cause in Chongqing, especially the track and field events. This study has made breakthrough progress. This research integrates the relevant outstanding research results, and focuses on the investigation of the development status of Chongqing teenager reserve talents, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the Chongqing teenager track and field sports, the potential advantages, the weak items and the influence factors, with a view to the reserve talents of the youth athletics in Chongqing. The training provides the correct direction to provide constructive suggestions and suggestions for the development of Chongqing teenage track and field Athletic Reserve talents. This paper uses literature data method, questionnaire survey method, field interview method, statistical analysis method, Pareto analysis method and other research methods, taking the results of the 2013-2016 year national high school track and Field Championships in Chongqing as a study. Through a questionnaire survey of the coaches and athletes in 12 schools in Chongqing, this paper analyzes the athletes, the coaches' basic situation and the performance of the athletes. According to the analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) in recent years, the overall strength of the teenage track and field in Chongqing is on the rise, but in the sprint and jumping events The competitive strength has gradually weakened. The shortage of young track and field reserve talents, the group advantage is not obvious, to some extent hinders the further improvement of the Chongqing teenager track and field level. (2) the Chongqing teenage track and field advantages are as follows: Men 100 meters, 200 meters, 400 meters, long jump, relay; women 100 meter hurdles, 300 meters hurdles, 200 meters, 400 meters; potential advantages are as follows: Men's three jump, high jump, 800 meters, 1500 meters; women 100 meters, 400 meter hurdles, long jump, three long jump, high jump; the weak items are: Men 3000 meters, 5000 meters, throwing class, all-around class; women 800 meters, 1500 meters, 3000 meters, throwing class, all-around class. (3) Chongqing youth athletes sports grade level is lower, sports and athletes gender distribution is uneven. The overwhelming majority of athletes engaged in track and field training are focused on personal hobbies and pressure to rise in school. (4) Chongqing teenage track and field coaches have a high level of education, but their employment is not long and the awareness of continuing study is not strong. For many reasons, the coaches are facing the danger of training experience and teaching ability fault. (5) influence The factors of the distribution of Chongqing adolescent track and field reserve talents include: the selection and introduction of reserve talents, the factors of high level coaching, the problem of funds and investment, the influence of incentive mechanism, the influence of science and technology and market factors. The conclusion and the existence of the present situation and the influencing factors of the Youth Track and field athletes in Chongqing are studied. The following suggestions are given as follows: (1) developing advantage projects and establishing a multi-channel reserve personnel selection and training system. (2) improve the training and assessment mechanism of coaches and create a high level of coaches. (3) broaden the funding channels and set up a special fund for the development of young and young track and field projects. (4) the construction of Chongqing adolescent track and field reserve personnel support (5) improve policies and regulations and competition system, provide system guarantee. (6) develop science and technology, accelerate the socialization of track and field projects, and market development.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G82

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