本文選題：排球 + 運(yùn)動(dòng)員　； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以長春師范大學(xué)體育學(xué)院24名男排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員為受試者,按不同運(yùn)動(dòng)水平分為兩組,高水平組為體育學(xué)院運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練排球?qū)ｍ?xiàng)班12名國家二級運(yùn)動(dòng)員,低水平組為體育學(xué)院體育教育專業(yè)排球?qū)＿x班12名普通學(xué)生,被試均為男性,把排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在判斷發(fā)球落點(diǎn)時(shí)的運(yùn)動(dòng)情景作為刺激材料,探討排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員判斷發(fā)球落點(diǎn)過程中的認(rèn)知加工特征研究,同時(shí)對不同運(yùn)動(dòng)水平的排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員觀看不同發(fā)球方式的刺激材料的眼動(dòng)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行記錄分析,為排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員科學(xué)的訓(xùn)練和提高競技能力提供理論依據(jù)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)不同水平的排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員預(yù)判落點(diǎn)的認(rèn)知加工特征有較大差異,優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員的判斷發(fā)球落點(diǎn)時(shí)的主要注視部位是肩、手臂、手腕和腰而普通運(yùn)動(dòng)員對球和上之軀干和頭也進(jìn)行了注視分配,且比例占總注視分配的40%。(2)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的運(yùn)動(dòng)水平越高,運(yùn)動(dòng)員的反應(yīng)速度越快,判斷越準(zhǔn)確。運(yùn)動(dòng)員對威力較大的跳發(fā)球預(yù)判準(zhǔn)確率最低,反應(yīng)時(shí)最長。對原地飄球的預(yù)判準(zhǔn)確率最高,反應(yīng)時(shí)最短,對跳飄球的預(yù)判準(zhǔn)確性和反應(yīng)時(shí)居于跳發(fā)球和跳飄球之間。(3)優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員在判斷發(fā)球落點(diǎn)時(shí)采用的認(rèn)知加工模式較專選班學(xué)生更合理,在判斷跳發(fā)球落點(diǎn)時(shí),優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員在預(yù)判不同發(fā)球方式中都采用了合理的認(rèn)知加工模式。優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員在判斷跳發(fā)球落點(diǎn)時(shí)的采用了眼跳距離長,注視持續(xù)時(shí)間短,注視次數(shù)多,注視點(diǎn)連接成紡錘狀的認(rèn)知加工模式。建議:在對排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員發(fā)球落點(diǎn)判斷中的認(rèn)知加工進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練時(shí),可將運(yùn)動(dòng)員的主要注視點(diǎn)放在肩、手臂、手腕、和腰等獲取信息源的主要部位進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。對排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員落點(diǎn)判斷的認(rèn)知加工特征研究應(yīng)重點(diǎn)針對運(yùn)動(dòng)員反應(yīng)的快慢和準(zhǔn)確率進(jìn)行,而對運(yùn)動(dòng)員的視覺搜索能力研究則應(yīng)選擇更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)情景進(jìn)行綜合判斷,不能單一的選擇發(fā)球方式進(jìn)行,通過探討排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在判斷發(fā)球落點(diǎn)中的認(rèn)知加工特征,在研究成果里顯示了,優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員認(rèn)知加工時(shí)的加工優(yōu)勢,但在以后研究中可以采用其他運(yùn)動(dòng)情景相結(jié)合的方式進(jìn)一步揭示優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員的認(rèn)知加工優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:In this paper, 24 male volleyball players from College of physical Education of Changchun normal University were divided into two groups according to different sports level.The low level group consisted of 12 ordinary students of volleyball specialized in physical education major in physical education college, all of whom were male. The sports scene of volleyball players when judging the service landing point was used as the stimulating material.This paper probes into the cognitive processing characteristics of volleyball players in the process of judging the landing point of serve, and records and analyzes the eye movement indexes of volleyball players with different sports levels who watch the stimulating materials of different serve ways.It provides theoretical basis for scientific training and improvement of competitive ability of volleyball players.The results showed that there were great differences in cognitive processing characteristics of volleyball players at different levels in determining the landing point, and the main fixation position of the elite players in judging the landing point of serve was shoulder and arm.The wrist and waist, and the average athlete also assigned the ball and the trunk and head of the ball and the upper torso, and the proportion of the total fixation distribution was 40 / 2) the higher the athlete's sports level was, the faster the reaction speed was and the more accurate the judgment was.Players have the lowest predictive accuracy and the longest reaction time for the powerful jump serve.The accuracy of prediction is the highest, and the reaction time is the shortest.The accuracy and reaction time of the jump float ball is between the jump serve and the float ball.) the cognitive processing mode used by the excellent athletes in judging the service landing point is more reasonable than that of the special class students. When judging the jump serve landing point, the excellent athletes adopt a more reasonable cognitive processing mode than the students in the special class.Excellent athletes have adopted reasonable cognitive processing mode in different serving modes.The excellent athletes used the cognitive processing mode of long distance of eye jump, short duration of fixation, more times of fixation, and the fixation points connected into spindle-like cognitive processing mode when judging the landing point of jump serve.It is suggested that in the training of volleyball players' cognitive processing in the judgment of serve landing point, the main fixation points can be placed on the shoulders, arms, wrists, waist and so on to obtain the main information sources for training.The research on the cognitive processing characteristics of volleyball players' landing point judgment should focus on the speed and accuracy of athletes' reaction, while the research on the athletes' visual search ability should select more sports situations for comprehensive judgment.We can't choose the serve way alone. By discussing the characteristics of the volleyball players' cognitive processing in judging the service landing point, the research results show the processing advantages of the excellent athletes in the cognitive processing.However, in the later studies, the cognitive processing advantages of elite athletes can be further revealed by combining other sports scenarios.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G842

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本文編號：1738097