本文選題：楔形平面　切入點(diǎn)：楔形鞋墊　出處：《北京體育大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：研究目的：本研究擬通過觀察內(nèi)外翻楔形平面及鞋墊對人體直立及步態(tài)造成的影響,探討人類下肢環(huán)節(jié)之間是否存在假設(shè)的相互影響,并且觀察楔形平面鞋墊對于人體步態(tài)造成的影響,探討外界環(huán)境影響下人體下肢生物力學(xué)可能產(chǎn)生的損傷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,為今后相關(guān)損傷預(yù)防提供基礎(chǔ)信息的積累與參考。研究方法：(1)健康男性20名,通過紅外三維捕捉系統(tǒng)對不同內(nèi)外翻角度的支撐平面上雙腿站立的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特征進(jìn)行捕捉,獲得下肢環(huán)節(jié)的相對角度。(2)健康男性15名,分別佩戴正常及內(nèi)外翻楔形鞋墊完成行走與跑步步態(tài)測試,通過紅外三維捕捉系統(tǒng)、測力臺(tái)、表面肌電對受試者不同條件下的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)、動(dòng)力學(xué)及肌肉放電特征進(jìn)行采集。運(yùn)用SPSS軟件對數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果進(jìn)行重復(fù)測量單因素方差分析,探討不同角度楔形平面及鞋墊條件下,人體直立姿勢及步態(tài)受到的影響。研究結(jié)果：外翻10度和內(nèi)翻10度的楔形平面支撐造成了直立姿勢下人體下肢排列的連鎖反應(yīng),內(nèi)外翻造成的小腿旋轉(zhuǎn)進(jìn)一步傳遞到了大腿,并且引發(fā)了骨盆前傾角度的變化。對于動(dòng)力學(xué)特征,楔形鞋墊主要改變了額狀面上的下肢動(dòng)力學(xué)。行走步態(tài)中,外翻楔形鞋墊使踝關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)收力矩峰值增加了31.6%,膝關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)收力矩第二峰值降低12.8%；內(nèi)翻楔形鞋墊使踝關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)收力矩峰值降低21.1%,增加了8.7%的膝關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)收力矩第一峰值。跑步步態(tài)中,外翻鞋墊使踝關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)收力矩峰值增加了14%,使膝關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)收力矩峰值降低了17%；內(nèi)翻鞋墊使踝關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)收力矩峰值降低了5%,使膝關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)收力矩峰值增加了9%。研究結(jié)論：10度外翻楔形平面引起了足外翻、小腿內(nèi)旋、大腿內(nèi)旋、骨盆前傾的連鎖變化,10度內(nèi)翻楔形平面引起了足內(nèi)翻、小腿外旋、大腿外旋、骨盆后傾的連鎖變化。內(nèi)翻與外翻10度的楔形鞋墊在步行步態(tài)過程中造成了踝關(guān)節(jié)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)及踝關(guān)節(jié)與膝關(guān)節(jié)動(dòng)力學(xué)的變化。以上直立及步態(tài)過程中產(chǎn)生的變化有可能成為下肢損傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate whether there is hypothetical interaction between human lower extremities by observing the effects of internal and external turning wedge planes and insoles on the upright and gait of human body. The effects of wedge plank insole on human gait were observed, and the possible injury risk factors of human lower limb biomechanics under the influence of external environment were discussed. To provide basic information and reference for the prevention of injury in the future. Methods: 20 healthy males were used to capture the kinematic characteristics of standing on the supporting plane with different internal and external angles by infrared three-dimensional capture system. The relative angle of lower limb link was obtained from 15 healthy men, who wore normal and internal and external overturned wedge insole respectively to complete the walking and running gait tests, through the infrared three-dimensional capture system, force measuring table, Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to collect the kinematics, dynamics and muscle discharge characteristics of the subjects under different conditions. The single factor variance analysis of repeated measurement of the data was carried out by using SPSS software to explore the different angle wedge plane and insole condition. The effects of vertical posture and gait on the human body. Results: the wedge plane support with 10 degrees of valgus and 10 degrees of varus caused a chain reaction of the arrangement of the lower limbs in the vertical posture, and the rotation of the lower legs caused by the internal and external rotation was further transferred to the thigh. For dynamic characteristics, wedge-shaped insoles mainly change the lower limb dynamics on the frontal surface. In walking gait, The valgus wedge insole increased the peak value of the adductive torque of the ankle joint by 31.6, and the second peak value of the adductive moment of the knee joint decreased by 12.8.The varus wedge insole reduced the peak value of the adductive moment of the ankle joint by 21.1a, adding 8.7% of the first peak value of the adductive moment of the knee joint. Valgus insole increased the peak value of adductive torque of ankle joint by 14%, reduced the peak value of knee joint torque by 17%, and overturned insole reduced the peak value of adduction moment of ankle joint by 5% and increased the peak value of knee joint adduction torque by 9%. Conclusion: 10 degrees. The valgus wedge plane causes the foot to roll out. Interlocking changes in the internal rotation of the leg, the internal rotation of the thigh, and the forward tilt of the pelvis; the 10-degree varicose wedge plane causes foot varus, outer leg rotation, and thigh rotation. Linkage changes in pelvic retroversion. Wedge insoles with varus and valgus of 10 degrees cause changes in ankle kinematics and ankle and knee joint dynamics during walking gait. May be a risk factor for lower limb injury.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G804.6

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本文編號：1609186