本文關(guān)鍵詞： 第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女子足球比賽 進(jìn)球特征　出處：《武漢體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：眾所周知,我國女足曾經(jīng)是世界女足強(qiáng)隊(duì)之一。1996年亞特蘭大奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足比賽和1999年第三屆女足世界杯,我們?cè)鴥啥葕Z得世界亞軍,確立了“鏗鏘玫瑰”的歷史地位。不僅如此,我們還在1991年成功舉辦了第一屆女足世界杯,對(duì)世界女足的發(fā)展作出了積極的貢獻(xiàn),國際足壇對(duì)此也給予了充分肯定。然而,進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以后,世界女足迅速發(fā)展,參與的國家越來越多,競(jìng)技水平越來越高,我國在上個(gè)世紀(jì)專業(yè)體制下的專業(yè)訓(xùn)練優(yōu)勢(shì)已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在。中國女足在國際比賽中的成績(jī)不斷下滑,甚至在亞洲也沒有了明顯優(yōu)勢(shì),世界排名也在悄然后移。最令人擔(dān)憂的是,近年來,我國女足青年隊(duì)和少年隊(duì)在國際比賽中,成績(jī)也是差強(qiáng)人意。由此可見,中國女足的現(xiàn)狀確實(shí)非常嚴(yán)峻,實(shí)現(xiàn)《方案》提出的“重返世界一流強(qiáng)隊(duì)行列”這個(gè)奮斗目標(biāo),任務(wù)異常艱巨。因此,全國女足工作者必須臥薪嘗膽,加倍努力。四年一屆的奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足比賽是全球范圍內(nèi)影響力最大,技戰(zhàn)術(shù)水平最高的女子足球賽事。它客觀地展現(xiàn)了世界女足隊(duì)伍最先進(jìn)的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)打法與潮流,充分反映出了當(dāng)代女子足球運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展方向。近年來,在世界女足比賽中,攻防轉(zhuǎn)換節(jié)奏加快,身體對(duì)抗激烈,打法更趨于成熟,注重整體性與技戰(zhàn)術(shù)的時(shí)效性。女足球員在力量、速度、體能以及技戰(zhàn)術(shù)風(fēng)格等方面已趨于男性化,想要獲得進(jìn)球越來越困難。因此,本文主要運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、專家訪談法、錄像觀察法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法和邏輯分析法等對(duì)第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女子足球比賽進(jìn)球特征進(jìn)行綜合分析。通過對(duì)進(jìn)球時(shí)間段、進(jìn)球區(qū)域、進(jìn)球方式這3個(gè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行全面分析,試圖從中找出奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足優(yōu)秀球隊(duì)伍的進(jìn)球特征,從而對(duì)我國女子足球運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展提供啟示與借鑒。研究結(jié)論如下:(1)第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足比賽的進(jìn)球時(shí)間段,主要集中在46-60min和76-90min。本屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足比賽的進(jìn)球區(qū)域主要集中在1、2區(qū)。進(jìn)球方式多樣化,本屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足不再是光靠講求個(gè)人能力的進(jìn)球,而是更講究傳接配合、定位球的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)變化,完成進(jìn)球的含金量越來越高,進(jìn)攻打法越來越成熟。進(jìn)球部位多以腳射為主,用腳射門是足球比賽中運(yùn)用最多的。而頭球射門總進(jìn)球數(shù)在這屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)比賽中,所占比例很小。(2)第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)與2015年第7屆世界杯女足前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)的相同點(diǎn)在于進(jìn)球區(qū)域,都是集中在1區(qū)和2區(qū)。第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)與2015年第7屆世界杯女足前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)的不同點(diǎn)在于進(jìn)球時(shí)間段和進(jìn)球方式。其中,第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)進(jìn)球時(shí)間段為46-60min;第7屆世界杯女足前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)進(jìn)球數(shù)量最多的時(shí)間段為0-15min里。第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)運(yùn)用斜長(zhǎng)傳或傳中方式進(jìn)球的數(shù)量最多;第7屆世界杯女足前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)運(yùn)用定位球方式進(jìn)球的數(shù)量最多。這兩屆賽事的半決賽與決賽,腳射進(jìn)門的成功率非常高,而頭球射門卻是少之又少,頭球進(jìn)球更是無。(3)第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足中國隊(duì)與前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)的相同點(diǎn)在于進(jìn)球時(shí)間段,都集中在76-90min這最后15分鐘里。第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)女足中國隊(duì)與前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)的不同點(diǎn)在于進(jìn)球區(qū)域和進(jìn)球方式。其中,進(jìn)球區(qū)域前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)在1區(qū)、2區(qū)和4區(qū)這三塊區(qū)域爭(zhēng)奪非常激烈,三塊區(qū)域加起來就是中路的球門區(qū)、罰球區(qū)和罰球區(qū)外,說明在這三塊區(qū)域中射門進(jìn)球率最高;而中國隊(duì)在這三塊區(qū)域里,缺乏得分能力。進(jìn)球方式前四強(qiáng)球隊(duì)有滲透?jìng)髑�、斜長(zhǎng)傳或傳中、個(gè)人突破、對(duì)手失誤、間接射門的任意球、點(diǎn)球六種方式,說明了現(xiàn)代女足進(jìn)球方式變化越來越多,完成進(jìn)球的含金量越來越高;而中國隊(duì)在這屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)比賽中,缺乏多變的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)打法,定位球的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)也尚未成熟。(4)第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)中國女足與歷屆大賽中國女足從進(jìn)球時(shí)間段上看,大多集中在31-45min和76-90min;從進(jìn)球區(qū)域上看,大多集中在3區(qū)和4區(qū);從進(jìn)球方式上看,多以邊路突破、邊路傳中和防守反擊為主。第31屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)中國女足較歷屆大賽中國女足既沒有太大的發(fā)展,在任意球技戰(zhàn)術(shù)上也發(fā)展停滯。
[Abstract]:As everyone knows, China's women's football team was once one of the world's women's team.1996 Atlanta Olympic Games football tournament and 1999 third women's World Cup, we have twice won the world runner up, established the historical status of "sonorous rose". Moreover, we are still in 1991 successfully held the first women's World Cup, made a positive contribution the development of the world women's international football, this is also fully affirmed. However, after entering twenty-first Century, the world's rapid development, more and more countries to participate in the competition, more and more high level, our country in the last century under the system of professional training of professional advantage no longer exists. China women's achievement in the international competition continue to decline, even in Asia have no obvious advantage, the world ranking is also quietly moved. Most worrying is that in recent years, China's women's youth team and youth team in International competition, achievement is just passable. Thus, the status of women's Chinese is indeed very serious, the scheme proposed "< > to return to the ranks of the world's top teams" of this goal, extremely arduous task. Therefore, the National Women's football workers have to work harder and work even harder. Four year term of the Olympic women's football game is the world the most influential women's Soccer Tactics at the highest level. It objectively shows the ranks of the world's most advanced tactics and trend, fully reflects the direction of development of contemporary women's football. In recent years, in the world of football in transition to accelerate the pace of the intense physical confrontation, play more and more mature, pay attention to the integrity and timeliness tactics. Women's football player in strength, speed, physical and technical and tactical style tends to be masculine, want to get more goals More difficult. Therefore, in this paper, using the method of literature, expert interviews, video observation, mathematical statistics and logical analysis of the thirty-first Olympic Games women's football game scoring characteristics were analyzed. The goal of the goal time, region, these 3 indicators scoring methods to conduct a comprehensive analysis, trying to find out the goal the characteristics of the Olympic women's elite team in providing inspiration and reference to the development of Chinese women's football. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the goal time of the thirty-first Olympic Games women's football game, mainly concentrated in the area of 46-60min and 76-90min. score of the Olympic Games women's football competition mainly concentrated in the 1,2 area. The goal the diversification of the Olympic Games, women's football is no longer rely on personal ability to score, but also pay attention to passing the ball, technical and tactical changes, more and more gold to complete the goal, in Attacking more and more mature. The goal position by foot shot, with a foot shot in football is to use the most. And the header shoots the total number of goals in the Olympic Games, the proportion is very small. (2) the same point of the thirty-first Olympic Games women's football team before the semi-finals and the Seventh World Cup in 2015 female foot top four teams in the goal area, are concentrated in the 1 and 2 areas. Different points of the thirty-first Olympic Games women's football team and the top four in 2015 Seventh World Cup women's top four teams in scoring time and score goals. Among them, thirty-first Olympic Games women's top four goal time is 46-60min the seventh women's World Cup; the number of the top four teams most goals for the period 0-15min. The thirty-first Olympic Games women's top four teams using the quantity or pass way of plagioclase pass goal most; the Seventh World Cup women's top four teams by position The number of ball scoring most. Semi final and final competition of the two tournament, shot in the success rate is very high, and the header is less and less, is no more headed goals. (3) the same point of the thirty-first Olympic Games women's Chinese team and top four teams in scoring time are in this 76-90min in the last 15 minutes. Different points of the thirty-first Olympic Games women's football team and the top four Chinese lies in the goal area and scored goals. The area scored top four teams in the 1 zone, 2 zone and 4 zone of the three regional competition is very fierce, three areas that add up to the middle goal area the penalty area, and outside the penalty area, that scoring rate is the highest in the three regions; and the Chinese team in these three areas, the lack of ability to score goals. The top four teams have infiltrated pass, or plagioclase pass pass, personal breakthroughs, turnovers, indirect shot term Italy ball penalty in six ways, showing the modern women's goals change more and more complete, more and more high gold content goals; and China team in the Olympic Games, the lack of skill and tactics changing tactics, positioning is not yet mature. (4) the thirty-first Olympic Games women's football and China the previous contest Chinese women from goal time, mostly concentrated in the 31-45min and 76-90min score; from the regional perspective, mostly concentrated in the 3 and 4 areas; from scoring ways, with wing break, winger and defensive back. Thirty-first Olympic Games women's China than the previous contest Chinese women neither the development is too large, in any of the skills and tactics on the development of stagnation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G843

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