本文關(guān)鍵詞： 武術(shù) 武術(shù)拳種 譜系 菏澤市　出處：《淮北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中華武術(shù)源遠(yuǎn)流長,從遠(yuǎn)古求生打獵到現(xiàn)當(dāng)代對技擊運(yùn)動(dòng)的完美展示,在不斷發(fā)展進(jìn)步的中華文化影響下,武術(shù)被認(rèn)為是傳統(tǒng)文化的結(jié)晶。菏澤自古以來就有著濃厚的尚武精神,千百年來菏澤武術(shù)薪火相傳。但在快速發(fā)展的大變革時(shí)代,人們的生活方式發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化,開始追求新鮮、刺激的多元化生活方式,傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)漸漸的被人忽視。拳種作為傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)發(fā)展的基準(zhǔn),現(xiàn)階段拳種傳承青黃不接;老一輩拳師離去新一輩無人承接的問題尤為突出,導(dǎo)致許多武術(shù)拳種逐漸消失。可見,現(xiàn)階段加大對傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)拳種傳承的工作力度已經(jīng)刻不容緩。通過對菏澤武術(shù)拳種走訪調(diào)研,得到大量武術(shù)拳種的真實(shí)資料,并運(yùn)用譜系學(xué)方法、文獻(xiàn)資料法、訪談法、田野調(diào)查法等方法對菏澤武術(shù)拳種進(jìn)行梳理分析,整理出菏澤武術(shù)拳種發(fā)展歷史,力求將菏澤武術(shù)拳種發(fā)展的早期呈現(xiàn)、中期分化、后期傳承與發(fā)展的三個(gè)階段進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的解析,通過武術(shù)拳種的發(fā)展形態(tài),總結(jié)阻礙拳種發(fā)展的因素,并提出相對應(yīng)的傳承構(gòu)思。研究得出以下結(jié)論:1.菏澤自古被稱為“天下之中”,地處四省交界之處,在權(quán)利統(tǒng)治的邊緣。黃河流域哺乳著勤勞的菏澤人民,也養(yǎng)成了菏澤人民彪悍的民風(fēng)。由于四省交界戰(zhàn)亂不斷,培育了人們忠義之氣的武術(shù)精神和彪悍的民風(fēng);同時(shí)各類會(huì)道門的崛起,加速了菏澤武術(shù)拳種的形成與發(fā)展。2.由于菏澤拳種眾多,在快速發(fā)展后逐漸走向分化,不僅形成了菏澤本地自創(chuàng)拳種和外地拳種主動(dòng)吸收學(xué)習(xí)的兩種傳承模式,同時(shí)還促進(jìn)了獨(dú)秀一枝的太極拳穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。由于這些拳種分布在菏澤不同的地區(qū),導(dǎo)致這些拳種套路演練、習(xí)練功法各不相同,且各有發(fā)展特色。3.菏澤傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)拳種是開放發(fā)展的,教門拳譜世界和單一傳承機(jī)制的廢除、拳種之間相互交叉融合發(fā)展,相互學(xué)習(xí)以及解除固有的傳承方式,都促進(jìn)了拳種的發(fā)展。拳種傳承譜系的多元化、拳種研究會(huì)、優(yōu)秀傳承人和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)的申請都展現(xiàn)了菏澤武術(shù)拳種傳承的積極性。但是拳種起源模糊、傳統(tǒng)習(xí)武方式陳舊、現(xiàn)代運(yùn)動(dòng)的沖擊、武術(shù)拳種“圈子化”以及唯利是圖對拳種發(fā)展的負(fù)面影響,仍然是阻礙拳種發(fā)展的重要因素。4.菏澤武術(shù)拳種遵循拳理的譜系化發(fā)展、拳種的起源時(shí)間不同所帶來的歷史背景不同以及各門類拳種的發(fā)展都是對技擊之術(shù)的完美展現(xiàn)。針對菏澤武術(shù)拳種譜系發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及阻礙菏澤拳種發(fā)展因素,對菏澤武術(shù)拳種的傳承提出構(gòu)思:第一,傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代相結(jié)合發(fā)展。第二,拳種的傳承要彰顯拳種意識(shí),提煉拳種優(yōu)秀基因。第三,武術(shù)拳種傳承提倡科學(xué)化發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Chinese Wushu has a long history, from survival hunting in ancient times to the perfect display of modern and contemporary martial arts, under the influence of the continuous development and progress of Chinese culture. Wushu is considered to be the crystallization of traditional culture. Heze has a strong martial spirit since ancient times, Heze Wushu has been handed down for thousands of years. But in the rapidly developing era of great change, people's way of life has undergone earth-shaking changes. The pursuit of fresh and exciting diversified way of life, traditional martial arts gradually ignored. As the development of traditional martial arts, the present stage of boxing inheritance; The problem of the older boxers leaving the new generation is particularly acute, which has led to the gradual disappearance of many martial arts fighters. At this stage, it is urgent to intensify the work of inheriting traditional martial arts boxing. Through the investigation and investigation of Heze martial arts boxing, we can get a large number of true materials of martial arts boxing, and use genealogical methods, literature and materials methods, interviews, Field investigation and other methods to sort out Heze martial arts boxing, sorting out the history of Heze martial arts boxing development, and strive to make the early appearance of Heze martial arts boxing development, the mid-term differentiation, The three stages of later inheritance and development are analyzed in detail. Through the development form of martial arts boxing, the factors that hinder the development of martial arts boxing are summarized. And put forward the corresponding conception of inheritance. The study draws the following conclusion: 1.Heze has been called "the world in the world" since ancient times, located at the border of the four provinces, on the edge of the rule of rights. The Yellow River Valley nurtures the hardworking Heze people. The people of Heze have also developed a strong folk style. As a result of the incessant war between the four provinces, the spirit of martial arts and the fierce folk style of people's loyalty and righteousness have been cultivated; at the same time, the rise of all kinds of clubs, roads and gates, Accelerate the formation and development of Heze martial arts boxing .2.Because of Heze's numerous boxing varieties, it has gradually divided after rapid development, and not only has formed the two inheritance modes of Heze's local self-created boxing and foreign boxing's active absorption and learning, At the same time, it has also promoted the steady development of the unique Taijiquan. As these fighters are distributed in different areas of Heze, they are practiced in routine exercises, and their skills vary from one to the other. The traditional martial arts boxing in Heze is open to development, the abolition of the world of teaching boxing score and the single inheritance mechanism, the intersecting development of boxing, the mutual learning and the lifting of the inherent inheritance. All of them have promoted the development of boxing. The diversity of boxing inheritance pedigree, the application of boxing research association, outstanding inheritors and intangible cultural heritage all show the enthusiasm of inheritance of martial arts in Heze. But the origin of boxing is vague. The outmoded way of traditional martial arts practice, the impact of modern movement, the "circle" of martial arts boxing and the negative influence of profit seeking on the development of boxing are still the important factors that hinder the development of boxing. 4. Heze Wushu boxing follows the pedigree development of boxing theory. The historical background of different origin time and the development of various kinds of boxing are the perfect display of the skill of fighting. In view of the present situation of the development of Heze Wushu boxing pedigree and the factors that hinder the development of Heze boxing, The inheritance of martial arts in Heze is conceived as follows: first, the combination of tradition and modern development; second, the inheritance of boxing should highlight the awareness of boxing, refine the outstanding genes of boxing; third, inheritance of martial arts promote scientific development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：淮北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G852.1

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