本文關(guān)鍵詞： 單側(cè)訓(xùn)練 籃球 下肢爆發(fā)力 體能訓(xùn)練 青少年　出處：《北京體育大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：研究目的:籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢爆發(fā)力要求非常高。單側(cè)訓(xùn)練是日益向?qū)ｍ?xiàng)化發(fā)展的當(dāng)代體能訓(xùn)練中的一種訓(xùn)練方式。本次論文的主要研究目的在于探索出一種貼合籃球?qū)ｍ?xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)特征的下肢爆發(fā)力的訓(xùn)練手段。研究方法:根據(jù)籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù)動(dòng)作存在單側(cè)肢體頻繁發(fā)力的特征;對(duì)單側(cè)力量訓(xùn)練的研究也被證實(shí)其有效性,其在其他專項(xiàng)已有成功案例;將兩者相結(jié)合,提出單側(cè)力量訓(xùn)練對(duì)籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員下肢爆發(fā)力的發(fā)展更有意義的假設(shè)。然后設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)和周期安排,并選擇垂直縱跳的高度作為主要測(cè)量指標(biāo)。實(shí)驗(yàn)選擇U15國(guó)家少年女子籃球隊(duì)的隊(duì)員們作為受試者,將受試者們分為實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對(duì)照組兩組,實(shí)驗(yàn)組所有訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容皆為單側(cè)訓(xùn)練;而對(duì)照組的訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容皆為雙側(cè)訓(xùn)練。研究結(jié)果:(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)組實(shí)驗(yàn)后雙腿原地縱跳沒(méi)有顯著性變化,而原地、助跑單腿縱跳和助跑雙腿縱跳都有顯著提高;(2)對(duì)照組實(shí)驗(yàn)后原地、助跑單腿縱跳沒(méi)有顯著性變化,而原地、助跑雙腿縱跳都有顯著提高;(3)實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組比較實(shí)驗(yàn)前后差值,在雙腿縱跳方面兩組并沒(méi)有顯著區(qū)別;而在單腿縱跳方面,實(shí)驗(yàn)組相較于對(duì)照組有顯著提高。結(jié)論:(1)對(duì)于原地雙腿起跳的垂直縱跳,傳統(tǒng)的雙側(cè)訓(xùn)練更具意義,而單側(cè)訓(xùn)練不能很有效的起到作用;(2)對(duì)于原地單腿起跳的垂直縱跳,單側(cè)訓(xùn)練具有非常顯著的作用,而雙側(cè)訓(xùn)練不具有顯著意義;(3)對(duì)于助跑后雙腿起跳的垂直縱跳,單側(cè)訓(xùn)練與雙側(cè)訓(xùn)練皆具有顯著作用;(4)對(duì)于助跑后單腿起跳的垂直縱跳,單側(cè)訓(xùn)練具有非常顯著的作用,而雙側(cè)訓(xùn)練不具有顯著意義;(5)對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)后實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對(duì)照組垂直縱跳高度變化的幅度,雙腿起跳時(shí),不論是否助跑,兩者皆不存在顯著差異;而在單側(cè)起跳時(shí),不論是否助跑,單側(cè)訓(xùn)練相比雙側(cè)訓(xùn)練都顯得非常具有意義;
[Abstract]:Objectives of the study:. Basketball has a very high demand for lower limb explosive force. Unilateral training is one of the training methods in the contemporary physical training, which is increasingly developing into a special situation. The main purpose of this paper is to explore a kind of basket sticking. Training methods for the explosive force of the lower extremities with special sports characteristics of the ball. Research methods:. According to the characteristics of frequent exertion of unilateral limbs in basketball technical movements; The research on unilateral strength training has also proved its effectiveness and has been successful in other special projects. Combining the two, this paper puts forward the hypothesis that unilateral strength training is more meaningful to the development of lower limb explosive force of basketball players, and then designs experiments and periodic arrangements. The height of vertical jump was chosen as the main measurement index. The members of U15 National Junior Women's Basketball team were selected as subjects. The subjects were divided into two groups: experimental group and control group. All the training contents in the experimental group were unilateral training. The training contents of the control group were all bilateral training. The results showed that there was no significant change in the vertical jump of both legs after the experiment in the experimental group, but in situ, both the one-leg longitudinal jump and the double-leg longitudinal jump of the run-up were significantly improved. (2) in the control group, there was no significant change in one-leg longitudinal jump after the experiment, but in situ, the longitudinal jump of both legs was significantly improved. 3) the difference between the experimental group and the control group before and after the experiment, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the longitudinal jump of the legs; In the aspect of single leg longitudinal jump, the experimental group is significantly higher than the control group. Conclusion: 1) the traditional bilateral training is more significant for the vertical jump of the standing legs. But the unilateral training can not play a very effective role; (2) for the vertical jump with one leg in situ, the unilateral training has a very significant effect, but the bilateral training has no significant significance; 3) both unilateral and bilateral training have significant effects on the vertical and longitudinal jump of the take-off of both legs after the run-up. 4) for the vertical jump with one leg after the run-up, the unilateral training has a very significant effect, but the bilateral training has no significant significance. (5) there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the change of vertical vertical jump height after the experiment, and there was no significant difference between the two groups during the take-off of both legs, no matter whether they were run-up or not. However, when taking off on one side, whether running up or not, the training on one side is more meaningful than that on both sides.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G841

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