本文關(guān)鍵詞： 北京市 乒乓球 傳統(tǒng)校 問題 對策　出處：《首都體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：乒乓球在我國作為傳統(tǒng)項目的同時也作為我國的國球,在世界上一直是處于絕對領(lǐng)先的地位。中國在乒乓球項目上之所以經(jīng)常在世界級比賽中壟斷前三名,保持著“霸主”地位,跟我國的社會主義體制和各個傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校對于后備人才的培養(yǎng)是分不開的。在我國,對于運動員的培養(yǎng)體制主要有兩種,第一種為三級體制,及市體校—專業(yè)隊—國家隊專業(yè)型運動員的人才培養(yǎng);二是傳統(tǒng)項目學(xué)校進行培養(yǎng)及小學(xué)—初中(高中)—大學(xué)(出國)等綜合型人才的培養(yǎng)。我國傳統(tǒng)項目傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校起始于20世紀(jì)80年代,指在能保證學(xué)生正常學(xué)習(xí)的情況下,對學(xué)生其他方面的技能進行培訓(xùn),使之具有一技之長,讓學(xué)生能夠在德、智、體、美等進行全面發(fā)展。經(jīng)過多年的發(fā)展,我國體育傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校已逐漸形成規(guī)模。體育項目傳統(tǒng)成為了各省市地區(qū)體育院校和高等院校培養(yǎng)后備人才的重要基地,是國家儲存優(yōu)秀后備人才的“搖籃”。北京市作為中國的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化中心,為后備人才的培養(yǎng)提供了豐富的資源與條件。本文通過調(diào)查,北京市乒乓球傳統(tǒng)項目學(xué)校共有12所,其中國家級2所,分別是人大附中,和北京市66中學(xué);市區(qū)級6所,分別是北京二中,北京五中,廣渠門中學(xué),北京市四十四中學(xué),北京十八中學(xué)和楊鎮(zhèn)一中,區(qū)縣級2所分別是昌平區(qū)第三中學(xué)和大興龐各莊中學(xué),通過對這幾所學(xué)校發(fā)放問卷,教師訪談等方式全面了解這些傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校的基本現(xiàn)狀。(1)北京整體乒乓球傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校分配不均勻,整體數(shù)量偏少(2)學(xué)校管理模式落后,訓(xùn)練經(jīng)費匱乏,場地設(shè)施有待改善(3)教練員學(xué)歷不高(4)學(xué)訓(xùn)矛盾突出以下就是針對這些問題所提出的發(fā)展性建議:(1)教育部、體育局應(yīng)鼓勵傳統(tǒng)校較少的城區(qū)采取措施,配備條件、師資力量。積極申請傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校,使傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校數(shù)量分布均勻,使不同區(qū)域的孩子都能參與到這項運動,;在管理方面學(xué)校應(yīng)該采用先進的管理模式即“教練組—體育組—領(lǐng)導(dǎo)組”這種三級責(zé)任機制而不是采用落后的校長制或教練員制度,采取這樣的管理制度,能夠分工明確的同時又能夠相互影響,相互監(jiān)督,這樣的管理機制更有利于傳統(tǒng)校的長遠發(fā)展。(2)各個學(xué)校需要引進更高學(xué)歷和職稱的教練員,并組織在職教練員定期進行業(yè)務(wù)培訓(xùn)加強教練員的科研能力和理論水平,對教練員的全面素質(zhì)進行提高。(3)增加學(xué)�；I資的渠道,相關(guān)部門增加對學(xué)校的扶持力度,增加資金的數(shù)量,學(xué)校也可以跟企業(yè)進行合作進行對學(xué)校的贊助;在保證學(xué)生能夠正常訓(xùn)練的情況下,教練員應(yīng)增加學(xué)生對外比賽的機會,增加各個學(xué)校進行交流的機會。(4)在學(xué)習(xí)和訓(xùn)練中需要學(xué)生付出更多的努力去克服困難,畢竟運動員只有一半的時間進行文化課學(xué)習(xí),而且隨著訓(xùn)練任務(wù)的加重和比賽頻率的增加,在某些時候會對學(xué)習(xí)產(chǎn)生消極的影響,需要教練員和家長的共同努力來幫助學(xué)生克服困難。
[Abstract]:Table tennis is always in the leading position in the world as well as the traditional event in our country. The reason why China often monopolizes the top three in the world table tennis competition. Maintaining the status of "overlord" is inseparable from the socialist system of our country and the training of reserve talents in various traditional schools. In our country, there are mainly two kinds of training systems for athletes. The first is the three-level system, and the city sports school-professional team-national team professional athletes training; The second is the training of traditional project schools and the training of integrated talents from primary school to junior high school (senior high school) and university (going abroad). The traditional school of traditional projects in our country began in 1980s. It means that students can be trained in other aspects of their skills under the condition that they can ensure their normal study, so that they can develop in an all-round way in virtue, intelligence, physique, beauty, etc. After many years of development. Traditional sports schools in China have gradually formed the scale. Sports tradition has become an important base for the training of reserve talents in sports colleges and universities in various provinces and cities. Beijing, as the political, economic and cultural center of China, provides abundant resources and conditions for the cultivation of reserve talents. There are 12 traditional ping-pong sports schools in Beijing, of which 2 are state-level schools, respectively, secondary school attached to the people's Congress and Beijing No. 66 Middle School; There are 6 urban grade schools, namely Beijing No.2 Middle School, Beijing No. 5 Middle School, Guangqumen Middle School, Beijing 44 Middle School, Beijing 18 Middle School and Yang Zhen No. 1 Middle School, and two county-level schools are Changping District No. 3 Middle School and Daxing Panggezhuang Middle School. Through the distribution of questionnaires to these schools, teachers interviews and other ways to comprehensively understand the basic status of these traditional schools. 1) Beijing table tennis traditional schools as a whole uneven distribution. The overall number is less than 2) the school management model is backward, training funds are scarce. Venue facilities need to be improved (3) coaches are not highly educated 4) the contradiction between learning and training highlights the following is the development of these problems put forward by the proposal of the Ministry of Education. The Sports Bureau should encourage the urban areas with fewer traditional schools to take measures, equip themselves with conditions and teachers, and actively apply for traditional schools so that the number of traditional schools is evenly distributed so that children from different regions can participate in the sport; In the aspect of management, the school should adopt the advanced management mode, that is, "coaching group, sports group and leadership group", which is a three-level responsibility mechanism, instead of adopting the backward principal system or coach system, adopting such a management system. Such a management mechanism is more conducive to the long-term development of traditional schools. 2) each school needs to introduce coaches with higher academic qualifications and titles. And organize on-the-job coaches to conduct regular business training to strengthen coaches' scientific research ability and theoretical level, to improve the overall quality of coaches. 3) to increase the channels of school financing. Relevant departments increase the support to the school, increase the number of funds, schools can also cooperate with enterprises to sponsor the school; Under the condition that the students can train normally, the coaches should increase the chances of the students competing with foreign countries. Increase the opportunity of communication between schools. 4) in the study and training students need to pay more efforts to overcome the difficulties, after all, athletes only half the time for cultural classes. With the aggravation of training task and the increase of competition frequency, it will have a negative effect on learning at some time. It needs the joint efforts of coaches and parents to help students overcome the difficulties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.96;G846

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