本文關(guān)鍵詞：人體—蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的力學(xué)模擬與分析　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 蹦床 足底壓力 三維影像解析 人體動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真

【摘要】：蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)是一種技巧類體育項(xiàng)目,最初起源于中世紀(jì)雜技演員的表演節(jié)目,2000年悉尼奧運(yùn)會(huì)首次被接納為奧運(yùn)比賽項(xiàng)目。我國于1998年才正式開展蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目,經(jīng)過十多年的發(fā)展蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目在我國已經(jīng)取得了優(yōu)異成績,成為我國奧運(yùn)會(huì)優(yōu)勢項(xiàng)目之一。但要進(jìn)一步穩(wěn)定提高蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù)和成績,則亟待科學(xué)化的訓(xùn)練和技術(shù)優(yōu)化。這就需要建立三維人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的力學(xué)分析模型與仿真系統(tǒng),以三維方式逼真模擬、設(shè)計(jì)、分析蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù)動(dòng)作,并將模擬結(jié)果與運(yùn)動(dòng)員訓(xùn)練視頻同步對(duì)比,為定量認(rèn)識(shí)人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)理、提高運(yùn)動(dòng)員成績方法提高指導(dǎo)。同時(shí),可詳細(xì)了解運(yùn)動(dòng)員在蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中身體各部分關(guān)節(jié)、肌肉的受力情況,為預(yù)防運(yùn)動(dòng)員在訓(xùn)練和比賽中受傷奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。因此,本文研究的主要目標(biāo)是建立人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的力學(xué)分析模型,以分析人體在蹦床上跳躍過程中尤其是與蹦床網(wǎng)面接觸瞬間的運(yùn)動(dòng)特征與受力狀態(tài),進(jìn)而探明人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)與動(dòng)力學(xué)特性。為此,首先對(duì)蹦床器械的力學(xué)特性進(jìn)行測試與模擬,然后對(duì)人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)模擬中的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)—足底與網(wǎng)面接觸瞬間的動(dòng)態(tài)應(yīng)力分布進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,再利用視頻解析軟件分析了優(yōu)秀蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽中的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡,進(jìn)而利用生物動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件LifeMOD軟件建立三維人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的力學(xué)模型,進(jìn)行優(yōu)秀蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽過程的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)與動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析。完成的工作與主要成果包括：1.基于蹦床器械力學(xué)性能測試結(jié)果建立了可模擬蹦床網(wǎng)面中心區(qū)域力學(xué)特征的蹦床器械A(chǔ)DAMS動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。與其它運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目不同的是,蹦床器械的各項(xiàng)力學(xué)性能指標(biāo)是不確定的。無論是美國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(ASTM F381-14)還是英國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(BS EN 13219:2008)都只對(duì)蹦床的框架尺寸、網(wǎng)面尺寸、彈簧尺寸個(gè)數(shù)等有詳細(xì)規(guī)定,但是對(duì)網(wǎng)面中心區(qū)域的力學(xué)特性參數(shù)并無規(guī)定。本文對(duì)蹦床網(wǎng)面中心區(qū)域和彈簧的力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行了靜力測試,獲得蹦床網(wǎng)面中心區(qū)域的荷載-位移變化規(guī)律,然后通過軟件ADAMS建立了蹦床器械的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。研究結(jié)果表明,所建立的模型能夠較為準(zhǔn)確的模擬網(wǎng)面中心區(qū)域的荷載-位移變化規(guī)律,為建立人體,蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型奠定了基礎(chǔ)。2.實(shí)測分析了兩名蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)員在跳躍過程中足底和蹦床網(wǎng)面接觸時(shí)的動(dòng)態(tài)應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律。以江蘇省蹦床隊(duì)的兩名運(yùn)動(dòng)員為研究對(duì)象,利用穿戴式足底壓力鞋墊,測量了運(yùn)動(dòng)員在蹦床網(wǎng)面跳躍過程中足底與網(wǎng)面接觸瞬間的動(dòng)應(yīng)力分布與變化規(guī)律。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)員跳躍高度分別為15cm、28cm時(shí),足底應(yīng)力分別是其重力的4.45和4.96倍。同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),足跟處所受壓強(qiáng)值占整個(gè)足底壓強(qiáng)的50%。因此在蹦床比賽和訓(xùn)練中,應(yīng)關(guān)注腳跟的受力以避免骨折和扭傷。3.用三維視頻分析法采集和分析獲得運(yùn)動(dòng)員在蹦床比賽中的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡。通過用影像解析軟件ARIEL對(duì)“廣元建設(shè)杯”2013年全國蹦床冠軍賽中運(yùn)動(dòng)員跳躍軌跡進(jìn)行解析分析,識(shí)別出參賽運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽過程中的主要運(yùn)動(dòng)特征量,包括騰空高度的最高值以及達(dá)到最高值的時(shí)間等。對(duì)獲得冠軍的運(yùn)動(dòng)員董棟的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析,為后續(xù)的人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的建模和仿真分析奠定了基礎(chǔ)。4.建立了三維人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,利用模型進(jìn)行了冠軍董棟在比賽過程的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)與動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析,獲得該運(yùn)動(dòng)員在蹦床上跳躍過程中各部分關(guān)節(jié)、肌肉等人體組織的受力狀態(tài)。通過生物動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件LifeMOD建立了董棟的三維人體模型,導(dǎo)入蹦床器械模型和之前實(shí)測解析獲得的董棟運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡。再經(jīng)過反向動(dòng)力學(xué)分析與正向動(dòng)力學(xué)分析之后運(yùn)行人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,分析得到了董棟在運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中的動(dòng)力學(xué)和運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)。研究結(jié)果表明,在蹦床比賽過程中董棟下肢關(guān)節(jié)中的膝關(guān)節(jié)受力最大、膝關(guān)節(jié)和踝關(guān)節(jié)的受扭矩較大。在下肢肌肉中,股四頭肌群、股二頭肌、比目魚肌比較活躍。本文建立的三維人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型和運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)與動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析方法,可在采集相關(guān)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽與訓(xùn)練過程的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)行其人體-蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)與動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析,為相關(guān)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的科學(xué)化訓(xùn)練和優(yōu)化技術(shù)動(dòng)作、提高比賽成績奠定了理論分析基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Trampoline is a skill sport, originated in medieval acrobatic performances, the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games for the first time was accepted into the Olympic Games. In 1998 China was officially launched in trampoline, after more than 10 years of development project of trampoline in China has achieved excellent results, become one of the advantages of the project China's Olympic Games. But to further improve stability of trampoline technique and achievement, is in urgent need to scientific training and optimization technology. The mechanical analysis model and simulation system, which requires the establishment of three-dimensional human trampoline system, 3D realistic simulation, design, analysis of trampoline technical movements, and the results of the simulation with the athletes the training video synchronization for comparison, quantitative understanding of motion mechanism of human - Trampoline system, improve the guidance of improving athletes' performance. At the same time, a detailed understanding. In the process of mobilization of trampoline in various parts of the body joints, muscle force, lay the theoretical foundation for the prevention of injury of athletes in training and competition. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to establish mechanical model of human trampoline system, to analyze the human jumping on the trampoline process especially with stress state movement characteristics and trampoline net contact moment, then verify the kinematics and dynamics of human trampoline system. Therefore, the first test and Simulation of mechanical characteristics of trampoline equipment, then the human body movement - key trampoline dynamic system simulation in network contact moment with foot stress experiment the distribution, then analyzes the trajectory of Trampoline Athletes in the game using video analysis software, and then use the biological dynamics software LifeMOD software to establish the three-dimensional human body The mechanical model of trampoline system, carry on the kinematics and dynamics simulation of Trampoline Players analysis. And the main results of the work include: 1. based on the test results of mechanical properties is established and trampoline equipment bed device ADAMS kinetic model can be the characteristics of trampoline net center of mechanical simulation. Unlike other sports, index the mechanical properties of trampoline equipment is uncertain. It is an American national standard (ASTM F381-14) was a British national standard (BS EN 13219:2008) only the frame size on the trampoline, mesh size, the number of dimensions have detailed provisions, but on the surface in the center region of mechanical parameters is not required. The mechanical properties of the trampoline net center area and the spring was analyzed by static test, obtained the load trampoline net in the center region of displacement variation, and then through the ADAMS software to establish a dynamics model of trampoline equipment. The results show that the model can simulate the load displacement variation of net surface center area accurately, the establishment of the human body, dynamic model of trampoline system laid the foundation for.2. were measured and analyzed two dynamic plantar Trampoline Athletes in the process of jumping and trampoline net the surface contact stress distribution. The two athletes trampoline team in Jiangsu Province as the research object, the use of wearable plantar pressure insoles, athletes in the dynamic trampoline net and net jump plantar surface in the process of the moment of contact and change law of stress distribution was measured. The experimental results show that when the athletes jump height respectively. 15cm, 28cm, foot stress are the gravity of the 4.45 and 4.96 times. At the same time, the pressure of heel premises accounted for the entire plantar pressure 50%. in trampoline competition And in training, should be kept in force with footnotes to avoid fracture and sprain.3. analysis method for collection and analysis of motion trajectory of athletes in trampoline game with 3D video. By using image analysis software ARIEL of athletes of Guangyuan construction cup 2013 national Trampoline Championship in the jump trajectory analysis, identify the main sports athletes during the game features, including the maximum height of the flight time and reached the highest value. The trajectory of the champion athlete Dong Dong carried out a detailed analysis for the subsequent human trampoline system modeling and simulation analysis of the foundation of.4. established a three-dimensional human trampoline system the dynamic model of champion Dong Dong analysis in kinematics and dynamics simulation game process using the model, the athletes on the trampoline jumping process Each part of the joint, the stress state of muscle and other tissues. 3D human body model was established by using the Dong Dong biological dynamics software LifeMOD, Dong Dong motion model and measurement instruments into the trampoline before analysis. Then after the analysis of inverse dynamics analysis and positive dynamic operation human trampoline system dynamics model, analysis of the dynamics and Dong Dong kinematics data in the course of the campaign. The results show that, in the trampoline competition in the process of Dong Dong's knee joints of the lower the maximum force of the knee and ankle torque is large. In the lower limb muscles, femoral head four muscles, unit two biceps, soleus muscle was more active. The analysis methods of 3D the human trampoline system dynamics model and the kinematics and dynamics simulation, in collecting relevant track athletes in the sports competition and training process On the basis of it, the kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis of the human trampoline system is made, which lays a theoretical foundation for the scientific training and optimization of the technical movements and the performance of athletes.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G838;G804.6

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李艷翎;中國競技蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)現(xiàn)狀及水平分析[J];中國體育科技;2000年07期

2 ;蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)[J];體育科技文獻(xiàn)通報(bào);2000年02期

3 ;蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)[J];體育科技文獻(xiàn)通報(bào);2000年08期

4 ;蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)[J];體育科技文獻(xiàn)通報(bào);2000年09期

5 ;蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)[J];體育科技文獻(xiàn)通報(bào);2000年12期

6 譚成清,曾子曼,李艷翎;蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練與傷病[J];北京體育大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2001年03期

7 李東建;奧運(yùn)新周期世界蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)展趨勢分析[J];北京體育大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2001年04期

8 楊東;我國女子蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)的現(xiàn)狀分析[J];上海師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2001年02期

9 ;蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)[J];體育科技文獻(xiàn)通報(bào);2001年01期

10 林春源,趙儉,鄭文海,郭曉霄;我國蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展策略的研究[J];西安體育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2002年04期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前4條

1 陳峰;卓賢麟;彭建才;;蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù)特點(diǎn)與診斷的探討[A];第十四屆全國運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)交流大會(huì)論文集[C];2010年

2 任釗;林春源;;新規(guī)則的變化對(duì)蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù)發(fā)展形成影響的研究[A];中華人民共和國第十屆運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)科學(xué)大會(huì)論文摘要匯編[C];2005年

3 宋義;周維臻;;第十一屆全國運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)成績與技術(shù)的分析研究[A];第二十屆全國高校田徑科研論文報(bào)告會(huì)論文專輯[C];2010年

4 李東建;;蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)“801團(tuán)”動(dòng)作技術(shù)分析[A];第八屆全國體育科學(xué)大會(huì)論文摘要匯編（一）[C];2007年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前4條

1 本報(bào)記者 劉穎余;中國蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)展形勢喜人[N];工人日?qǐng)?bào);2011年

2 本報(bào)記者 尤佳 沈沁芳;山西代表團(tuán) 歸來數(shù)優(yōu)劣[N];發(fā)展導(dǎo)報(bào);2005年

3 本報(bào)記者 朱文利;奧運(yùn)金牌背后的科技傳奇[N];電腦報(bào);2004年

4 姚治前 楊杰;常州成為全省首批體育強(qiáng)市[N];常州日?qǐng)?bào);2009年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 高希彬;我國蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究[D];上海體育學(xué)院;2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 毛一玲;人體—蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的力學(xué)模擬與分析[D];東南大學(xué);2015年

2 王海;蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)屈體兩周早轉(zhuǎn)后空翻動(dòng)作技術(shù)研究[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2009年

3 劉鈺姍;陜西省蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)單跳項(xiàng)目開展的現(xiàn)狀及對(duì)策研究[D];西北師范大學(xué);2014年

，

本文編號(hào)：1427608