發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-15 13:14

【摘要】：上世紀(jì)50年代西方心理學(xué)家在觀察西方現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性個(gè)人主義這種極端個(gè)人主義。我國(guó)正處于現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中,也出現(xiàn)了這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性個(gè)人主義。筆者通過對(duì)湖北省三所高校調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性個(gè)人主義在當(dāng)前大學(xué)生中的表現(xiàn)主要是:首先,大學(xué)生在價(jià)值取向上偏向功利,表現(xiàn)出重物質(zhì)輕精神的價(jià)值取向;其次,大學(xué)生競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的目的趨利,傾向于參加能獲取利益的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)活動(dòng);再次,大學(xué)生合作意識(shí)下降,他們更愿意孤獨(dú)的學(xué)習(xí),并且割裂的看待競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與合作;最后,大學(xué)生的誠信意識(shí)下降,在利益面前表現(xiàn)出知行脫節(jié)。其成因主要為:一是教育系統(tǒng)外部如社會(huì)推崇競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的負(fù)面影響;二是教育系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部特別是對(duì)高考競(jìng)爭(zhēng)宣傳的偏差;三是大學(xué)生個(gè)體自身的原因。大學(xué)生是社會(huì)的未來,我們必須對(duì)此予以足夠的警惕。應(yīng)該如何幫助當(dāng)代大學(xué)生克服競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性個(gè)人主義對(duì)他們的影響,筆者認(rèn)為:首先,高考是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的根源,我們應(yīng)該在社會(huì)輿論和學(xué)校內(nèi)部方面改善這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)狀況;其次,從價(jià)值觀方面我們應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)對(duì)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的集體主義教育,培育學(xué)生和諧的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)觀,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性個(gè)人主義的危害,培育大學(xué)生的合作意識(shí)和誠信精神;然后,應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)對(duì)大學(xué)生的心理健康教育;最后,通過有效措施提高大學(xué)生的人文素質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:In the 1950s western psychologists observed the process of western modernization and discovered the extreme individualism of competitive individualism. Our country is in the process of modernization, also appeared this kind of competitive individualism. Through the investigation of three colleges and universities in Hubei Province, the author finds that competitive individualism is mainly manifested in the current college students: first, the value orientation of college students is biased towards utilitarianism, showing the value orientation of weight, substance and spirit; secondly, The purpose of college students' competition tends to benefit, and they tend to participate in the competition activities which can obtain benefits. Thirdly, the college students' sense of cooperation drops, they prefer to study alone, and they look at competition and cooperation in a separate way. Finally, College students' sense of honesty and credit drops, showing a disconnect between knowledge and action in front of interests. The main causes are as follows: first, the negative influence of the external education system such as the social esteem of competition; second, the deviation of the internal education system, especially to the competitive propaganda of the college entrance examination; third, the reasons of the individual students themselves. College students are the future of society, we must give sufficient vigilance to this. How to help contemporary college students overcome the influence of competitive individualism? firstly, the college entrance examination is the root of competition, we should improve the competitive situation in the aspects of public opinion and school; secondly, From the aspect of values, we should strengthen collectivism education to contemporary college students, cultivate students' harmonious view of competition, guide students to realize the harm of competitive individualism, cultivate college students' sense of cooperation and spirit of honesty. We should strengthen the psychological health education of college students, and finally, improve the humanistic quality of college students through effective measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢紡織大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G641

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本文編號(hào)：2184311