【摘要】：高校德育在適應(yīng)和促進社會發(fā)展的同時,也必須適應(yīng)和促進教育對象的發(fā)展,在堅持不斷增強其社會適應(yīng)性的同時堅持不斷增強其個體適應(yīng)性。這是高校德育的一大基本原則。在中國社會急劇轉(zhuǎn)型的背景下,面對在全球化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化環(huán)境中成長起來的“90后”大學(xué)生群體,高校德育面臨著許多新問題、新挑戰(zhàn),個體適應(yīng)性亟待增強。因此,從德育原則角度加強對高校德育個體適應(yīng)性的研究就具有十分重要的理論意義和較強的現(xiàn)實意義。 高校德育的個體適應(yīng)性是指高校德育必須適應(yīng)大學(xué)生個體品質(zhì)發(fā)展的需要,適應(yīng)其年齡特征、個性特點和思想品德的實際情況,通過教育和引導(dǎo),將社會的要求轉(zhuǎn)化為大學(xué)生個體的需要、動機和行為品質(zhì),使其形成相應(yīng)的社會實踐能力。堅持個體適應(yīng)性原則,最根本的是要適應(yīng)人的品德發(fā)展規(guī)律和大學(xué)生生理、心理特點及成長發(fā)展需求,堅持適應(yīng)與引導(dǎo)、適應(yīng)與超越、個體適應(yīng)性與社會適應(yīng)性三個方面的有機統(tǒng)一。通過對建國到改革開放初期高校德育實踐的歷史軌跡的反思,不論是汲取成功的經(jīng)驗,還是總結(jié)失誤的教訓(xùn),歷史一再表明高校德育必須始終堅定不移地堅持個體適應(yīng)性這一原則。對社會現(xiàn)代化要求的回應(yīng)、對高等教育改革新浪潮的順應(yīng)和“90后”大學(xué)生新特點的關(guān)照成為高校德育堅持個體適應(yīng)性原則的時代訴求。當(dāng)前高校德育在堅持個體適應(yīng)性原則方面進行了探索,盡管取得了較為豐富的理論成果和實踐經(jīng)驗,但在價值取向、教育目標(biāo)、內(nèi)容及方法等方面仍存在著與個體適應(yīng)性原則要求不相符合的問題。新時期的高校德育只有始終堅持以人為本的價值取向、預(yù)設(shè)富有層次性的科學(xué)目標(biāo)、構(gòu)建具有多樣性的內(nèi)容體系、探索彰顯主體性的德育方法,才能始終堅持個體適應(yīng)性原則,不斷推進高校德育工作的科學(xué)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Moral education in colleges and universities should adapt to and promote the development of social development, but also adapt to and promote the development of educational objects. This is a basic principle of moral education in colleges and universities. Under the background of the rapid transformation of Chinese society, in the face of the "post-90s" college students who have grown up in the globalized and networked environment, moral education in colleges and universities is facing many new problems, new challenges, and the individual adaptability needs to be enhanced. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to strengthen the research on the individual adaptability of moral education in colleges and universities from the perspective of moral education principles. The individual adaptability of moral education in colleges and universities means that moral education in colleges and universities must adapt to the needs of the development of college students' individual quality, the characteristics of their age, personality and ideology, and guide them through education and guidance. The social requirements are transformed into the individual needs, motivations and behavioral qualities of college students, so as to form the corresponding social practical ability. To adhere to the principle of individual adaptability, it is essential to adapt to the law of human moral development and the physiological and psychological characteristics of college students and the needs of their growth and development, to adhere to the principles of adaptation and guidance, to adapt and transcend. The organic unity of individual adaptability and social adaptability. Through the reflection on the historical track of moral education practice in colleges and universities from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the early stage of reform and opening up, whether it is to draw successful experiences or to sum up the lessons of mistakes, History has repeatedly shown that moral education in colleges and universities must firmly adhere to the principle of individual adaptability. The response to the demands of social modernization, the adaptation to the new tide of higher education reform and the care of the new characteristics of the "post-90s" college students have become the demands of the times for moral education in colleges and universities to adhere to the principle of individual adaptability. At present, moral education in colleges and universities has carried on the exploration in the aspect of adhering to the principle of individual adaptability. Although it has obtained rich theoretical achievements and practical experience, it has achieved a great deal in value orientation and educational goal. There are still some problems in content and method which are inconsistent with individual adaptability principle. The moral education in colleges and universities in the new era can always adhere to the principle of individual adaptability only by adhering to the value orientation of people-oriented, presupposing the scientific goal with rich levels, constructing a diversified content system, and exploring the moral education methods that highlight the subjectivity. We will continue to promote the scientific development of moral education in colleges and universities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G641

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