本文選題：新自由主義 + 高校治理　； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：上世紀(jì)70年代,新自由主義在英美等國(guó)興起并對(duì)其政治經(jīng)濟(jì)以及社會(huì)領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響,而這一過(guò)程與我國(guó)從計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制走向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制這一社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程有著一定的相似性。同時(shí),社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的變革必然會(huì)對(duì)高等教育領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生影響。自20世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái),西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家以及正在轉(zhuǎn)型的發(fā)展中國(guó)家所進(jìn)行的一輪又一輪的高等教育改革,基本上都是以新自由主義理論為指導(dǎo)原則。而在這其中,作為新自由主義的倡導(dǎo)先鋒,英國(guó)對(duì)大學(xué)治理模式的改革又具有一定的代表性。因此,本文通過(guò)采用文獻(xiàn)分析、比較研究等方式,旨在對(duì)新自由主義背景F英國(guó)大學(xué)治理模式所產(chǎn)生的變化進(jìn)行研究,并總結(jié)其治理經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及所存在的問(wèn)題,希望能夠幫助我們借鑒國(guó)外改革的經(jīng)驗(yàn),并規(guī)避新自由主義帶給我國(guó)高校治理方面的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),進(jìn)而對(duì)新時(shí)期我國(guó)高校的治理模式帶來(lái)啟示 自20世紀(jì)30年代開(kāi)始,來(lái)源于古典主義的新自由主義,便作為當(dāng)代一個(gè)重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)派而逐漸興起,并在五六十年代有了較大的發(fā)展。新自主義是古典自由主義在新時(shí)期歷史條件下的發(fā)展,它主張限制國(guó)家干預(yù),并充分發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)機(jī)制。英國(guó)的撒切爾政府和美國(guó)的里根政府作為新自由主義的倡導(dǎo)先鋒,率先在本國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)領(lǐng)域?qū)嵭辛艘幌盗械母母铩６鳛橛绊懻麄�(gè)時(shí)代經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的意識(shí)形態(tài)的新自由主義,必然也對(duì)大學(xué)產(chǎn)生重要的影響。通過(guò)研究可以發(fā)現(xiàn),傳統(tǒng)上英國(guó)大學(xué)以自治理念為根本,大學(xué)與外部社會(huì)的聯(lián)系較少,英國(guó)政府給予大學(xué)最大限度的自治權(quán)力,大學(xué)是由學(xué)者們組成的相對(duì)分散的學(xué)術(shù)組織,教授們享受較大的自主權(quán)。而在新自由主義沖擊下,大學(xué)治理模式發(fā)生了很大的變化。政府通過(guò)削減對(duì)英國(guó)大學(xué)的財(cái)政撥款,力求從宏觀管理層面對(duì)大學(xué)進(jìn)行干預(yù)和控制,而大學(xué)內(nèi)部的管理方式也受到相應(yīng)的影響,開(kāi)始講求專(zhuān)業(yè)化的管理,具有商業(yè)背景的管理者開(kāi)始進(jìn)入大學(xué),學(xué)者們的管理權(quán)限集中與學(xué)術(shù)事務(wù)上,學(xué)術(shù)與行政的權(quán)責(zé)劃分更加明確。另外,在新自由主義思潮的沖擊下,高校治理模式的改革也為高等教育領(lǐng)域帶來(lái)了許多問(wèn)題,包括學(xué)術(shù)人員的權(quán)力被弱化,學(xué)術(shù)本位的治理理念被弱化,市場(chǎng)化競(jìng)爭(zhēng)模式導(dǎo)致了資源分配的不均等。對(duì)這些問(wèn)題的規(guī)避,也是我國(guó)高校在完善治理模式的過(guò)程中所必須注意到的。
[Abstract]:In the 1970s, neoliberalism rose in countries such as the United States and had a profound impact on its political, economic and social fields. This process is similar to that of our country from the planned economy system to the market economy system. At the same time, the transformation of the social economic system will inevitably have an impact on the field of higher education. Since the eighties of the 20th century, the western developed countries and the developing countries in transition have carried out round after round of higher education reform, which is basically guided by the neoliberal theory. Among them, as the pioneer of neoliberalism, the reform of university governance mode in Britain has certain representativeness. Therefore, by means of literature analysis and comparative study, this paper aims to study the changes in the governance model of British universities under the background of neoliberalism, and summarize its governance experience and existing problems. It is hoped that it can help us learn from the experience of foreign reform and avoid the risks of neoliberalism in the governance of colleges and universities in our country, and thus bring enlightenment to the governance model of Chinese universities in the new period. Since the 1930s, neoliberalism, which originated from classicism, has gradually risen as an important economic school in contemporary times, and has developed greatly in the 1950s and 1960s. Neo-self-ism is the development of classical liberalism under the new historical conditions. It advocates restricting state intervention and giving full play to market mechanism. As the pioneer of neoliberalism, the Thatcher Administration of England and the Reagan Administration of America carried out a series of reforms in the economic and social fields. However, neoliberalism, as an ideology that influences the economic and social development of the whole era, must also have an important impact on universities. Through research, we can find that British universities are traditionally based on the concept of autonomy and have less connection with the outside society. The British government gives universities the maximum autonomy power, and universities are relatively decentralized academic organizations composed of scholars. Professors enjoy greater autonomy. However, under the impact of neoliberalism, great changes have taken place in the mode of university governance. By cutting financial allocations to British universities, the government sought to intervene and control the universities from the macro management level, and the internal management of the universities was affected accordingly, and began to focus on professional management. Managers with business background begin to enter universities, scholars' management authority and academic affairs are concentrated, and the division between academic and administrative powers and responsibilities is more clear. In addition, under the impact of the neoliberal trend of thought, the reform of university governance mode has brought many problems to the field of higher education, including the weakening of the power of academic personnel and the weakening of the governing concept of academic standard. The market competition mode leads to the unequal distribution of resources. To avoid these problems, colleges and universities in our country in the process of improving the governance model must pay attention to.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G649.561

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