本文選題：沖動性　切入點：執(zhí)行功能　出處：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：沖動性(impulsive)是一個多維度的概念,一般定義為行為缺乏考慮、不成熟、過度冒險或做出與環(huán)境不適應(yīng)導(dǎo)致不好結(jié)果的行為。相關(guān)研究表明抑制失控是導(dǎo)致個體沖動的深層次原因。抑制是執(zhí)行功能其中一項核心的子功能,指對自主優(yōu)勢的反應(yīng)進行有意識抑制控制的能力,即指抑制不符合當(dāng)前需要的或不恰當(dāng)行為反應(yīng)的能力,并做出合適的選擇性反應(yīng)。它與工作記憶、轉(zhuǎn)換等其它執(zhí)行功能關(guān)系密切,并且在相應(yīng)任務(wù)的加工中激活的腦區(qū)部分彼此重疊。因此,個體抑制功能的好壞應(yīng)該明顯表現(xiàn)出不同的沖動性水平,沖動性強的個體抑制能力弱,反之亦然。其次,由于執(zhí)行功能之間的相關(guān)聯(lián)性,抑制能力弱也可能對其它執(zhí)行功能有消極影響(例如：工作記憶和轉(zhuǎn)換功能)。故研究需要從上述角度切入進行相關(guān)探索。 實驗一考察沖動性水平具有差異的個體在抑制能力測試上和反眼跳任務(wù)是否也有差異,以證實沖動問卷與抑制計算機測查任務(wù)之間具備一致性。具體表現(xiàn)為高沖動水平的個體的抑制表現(xiàn)顯著差于低沖動水平的個體。問卷測量使用Barratt沖動量表中文版(The Chinese version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Seale,11th version, BIS-11-C),行為測量使用色詞Stroop任務(wù)(Color Words Stroop Task)和空間Stroop任務(wù)(Spatial Stroop Task)兩種行為范式。眼跳任務(wù)為抑制反眼跳測試。結(jié)果顯示BIS-11-C問卷區(qū)分的高低水平組的被試的抑制測試成績存在顯著差異,具體表現(xiàn)為沖動強的組別在Stroop任務(wù)上的沖突效應(yīng)和錯誤率均顯著高于沖動弱的組別。而且對于目標(biāo)方向向左的眼跳正確率而言,沖動低組的正確率顯著高于沖動高組的正確率,并且對修正眼跳正確率而言,沖動低組的正確率平均值顯著高于沖動高組的正確率。這說明BIS-11-C沖動性問卷測試區(qū)分個體抑制能力強弱與抑制的計算機測試的區(qū)分力之間存在一致性。 實驗二探究不同沖動性水平的大學(xué)生是否具有差異顯著的工作記憶和轉(zhuǎn)換能力。從而證實抑制與工作記憶和轉(zhuǎn)換的關(guān)系,以間接推測出執(zhí)行功能的結(jié)構(gòu)。工作記憶測量使用字母記憶任務(wù)(Letter Memory)和數(shù)字記憶任務(wù)(Digit Memory)兩種范式。轉(zhuǎn)換測量使用圖形轉(zhuǎn)換任務(wù)(Objects Shifting)和符號轉(zhuǎn)換任務(wù)(SymbolShifting)。結(jié)果顯示抑制能力較強的一組被試工作記憶的成績高于抑制能力較弱的一組,但沒有達到顯著水平。沖動組別在圖形轉(zhuǎn)換成績上呈臨界顯著水平,但在符號轉(zhuǎn)換上卻沒有出現(xiàn)顯著水平,抑制能力較強的組別轉(zhuǎn)換代價更小成績更好。這說明沖動性高的個體的轉(zhuǎn)換能力較弱,但工作記憶能力不受影響。 結(jié)論：1、沖動性問卷測試對于區(qū)分個體抑制能力的強弱與抑制計算機測試的區(qū)分力具有一致性。2、沖動性高的個體的圖形轉(zhuǎn)換能力較弱,但工作記憶能力不受影響,工作記憶更容易受到言語熟悉性和廣度因素的影響。3、抑制與工作記憶和轉(zhuǎn)換之間的關(guān)系密切,但有各自獨立發(fā)揮作用,這支持了工作記憶與抑制、轉(zhuǎn)換三種執(zhí)行功能之間的既聯(lián)系又分離的結(jié)構(gòu)特點。
[Abstract]:Impulse (impulsive) is a multi-dimensional concept, generally defined as lack of consideration, not mature, excessive risks or making bad results and not adapt to the environment caused by behavior. Research shows that inhibitory control is the deep causes of individual impulse. Suppression is one of the core executive function sub function refers to the self advantage reaction ability to consciously control, which does not meet the current needs of the ability to suppress inappropriate behavior or reaction, and make the appropriate selective reaction. It and working memory, executive function and other close relationship, and activation in the corresponding processing tasks in brain regions overlap with each other therefore, the quality should be obvious inhibition of individuals showed different levels of impulsivity, strong impulse of individual inhibitory ability is weak, and vice versa. Secondly, because the associated executive function between Sex and inhibition ability may also have negative effects on other executive functions (such as working memory and switching function). Therefore, researches need to be explored from above angles.
Has a difference test impulse level individuals also have differences in inhibition ability test and anti saccade task is, to have the consistency between computer and questionnaire confirmed impulse inhibition survey task. The specific performance of the high level of the individual impulse inhibition performance was significantly lower than the low level of impulse individuals. Questionnaire survey using Barratt impulse the scale Chinese Version (The Chinese version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Seale, 11th version, BIS-11-C), behavior measurement using color word Stroop task (Color Words Stroop Task) and Stroop (Spatial Stroop Task space mission) two kinds of behavior paradigm. To suppress the anti saccade saccade test. The results show that there are significant differences between high and low level of group BIS-11-C the subjects of the questionnaire to distinguish inhibition test results, the specific performance of impulse strong group conflict effect in the Stroop task and the error rate significantly That impulse is weak group. For the target and direction left saccade accuracy, impulse correct rate low group was significantly higher than that of the correct rate of high impulsiveness group, and the correct rate of correct saccades, impulse correct rate low group was significantly higher than the average rate of correct high impulsiveness group. This shows that there is consistency between BIS-11-C impulsivity questionnaire distinguish individual inhibitory ability and inhibition test of the strength of computer discriminative.
Whether the experiment two to explore the different impulse level of college students has significant difference in working memory and conversion ability. In order to confirm the relationship between inhibition and working memory and conversion, to indirectly infer structure of executive function of working memory. The measurement using letter memory task (Letter Memory) and digital memory task (Digit Memory) two conversion paradigm. Measurement using graphics conversion task (Objects Shifting) and symbol conversion task (SymbolShifting). The results showed that the inhibitory ability of a group of subjects working memory scores were higher than that of a group of inhibitory ability is weak, but did not reach significant level. A significant level in the critical impulse group graphics conversion result, but did not appear significant in the conversion of symbols, inhibit ability of the switch cost smaller groups better. This shows that impulsive individuals with high conversion ability is weak, but remember Memory is not affected.
Conclusion: 1, impulsivity questionnaire to distinguish individual inhibitory ability is consistent with inhibition of.2 computer test to distinguish between impulsive force, high individual graphics conversion ability is weak, but is not affected by working memory capacity, working memory is more susceptible to the.3 language familiarity and breadth factors, the relationship between inhibition with the working memory and the conversion is close, but have their own independent function, which support the working memory and inhibition, the structure characteristics of conversion between the three executive functions both the connection and separation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：B848;G645.5

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本文編號：1634684