本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高等教育助學(xué)貸款 國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款政策 財(cái)務(wù)管理 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款作為一種具有突出中國(guó)特色的貸款模式，是一種融政策性與盈利性于一體的新的個(gè)人理財(cái)項(xiàng)目，涉及到貸款學(xué)生，學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)，貸款高校，經(jīng)辦銀行，國(guó)家財(cái)政等多方面經(jīng)濟(jì)利益和社會(huì)利益的多方博弈，是高校財(cái)務(wù)，，銀行財(cái)務(wù)和國(guó)家財(cái)務(wù)中的一項(xiàng)重要財(cái)務(wù)管理課題。 國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款政策產(chǎn)生于我國(guó)教育改革大背景下，為了緩解改革后教育資源的稀缺以及保證教育機(jī)會(huì)平等，中國(guó)人民銀行、財(cái)政部、教育部在8大城市幾所高校范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款試點(diǎn)并先后推廣至全國(guó)，在政策實(shí)行的十幾年間我國(guó)不斷調(diào)整和完善國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款相關(guān)政策和體系，使得越來(lái)越多的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生走進(jìn)大學(xué)校園，順利完成自己的學(xué)業(yè)步入社會(huì)，為促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定快速發(fā)展提供了強(qiáng)有力的保障。但是在國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款工作中，仍然存在著一些因素阻礙制約著國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款政策發(fā)展，銀行因不愿承擔(dān)違約風(fēng)險(xiǎn)而傾向停貸的危機(jī)就像定時(shí)炸彈潛伏著，高校因貸款管理成本過(guò)高引發(fā)財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)開(kāi)始懼貸惜貸的問(wèn)題也隨之凸顯，一旦國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款的推行受到阻礙，將會(huì)直接關(guān)系到我國(guó)的貧困學(xué)生能否繼續(xù)完成學(xué)業(yè)。所以為了保障我國(guó)廣大貧困學(xué)生能夠享受接受教育的機(jī)會(huì)，為了保障我國(guó)的助學(xué)貸款政策可以穩(wěn)固的持久的推行，就需要進(jìn)一步完善此政策在放款和收款環(huán)節(jié)的流程和規(guī)則。 目前我國(guó)學(xué)者對(duì)我國(guó)國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款的研究多集中在公共政策領(lǐng)域，以宏觀的角度評(píng)價(jià)政策施行效果，對(duì)社會(huì)普遍存在的現(xiàn)象加以闡述和分析，最終提出相應(yīng)對(duì)策建議。本文立足國(guó)內(nèi)外優(yōu)秀研究成果，總結(jié)研究文獻(xiàn)資料，探究我國(guó)國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款政策發(fā)展歷史，同時(shí)以東北師范大學(xué)國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款管理工作為例，通過(guò)向在校貧困學(xué)生發(fā)放調(diào)查問(wèn)卷以及搜集校方近年來(lái)政策實(shí)施情況數(shù)據(jù)，分析該校國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款工作完成效果，找尋其在貸款管理工作中的可鑒方法與缺陷不足，對(duì)其中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題加以分析，對(duì)其好的發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)，提出促進(jìn)政策實(shí)行進(jìn)程增強(qiáng)政策實(shí)施效果，防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)解決惜貸的對(duì)策及建議，并以小見(jiàn)大，推廣到整個(gè)國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款政策上，力求促進(jìn)該政策更有效、強(qiáng)力的實(shí)施。國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款對(duì)于我國(guó)貧困學(xué)生受高等教育的機(jī)會(huì)公平具有重要意義，也是我國(guó)科教興國(guó)戰(zhàn)略和尊重人才觀念的深化，因此本研究具有完善助學(xué)貸款理論和維護(hù)助學(xué)貸款健康發(fā)展理論與實(shí)踐的雙重意義。 本篇論文大體分為五部分：第一部分從整體闡述研究的意義與內(nèi)容，對(duì)現(xiàn)有的學(xué)術(shù)研究進(jìn)行羅列和總結(jié)；第二部分詳細(xì)闡述我國(guó)國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款政策，使讀者更詳盡的了解我國(guó)國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款體系；第三部分采用案例分析法，將東北師范大學(xué)列為調(diào)研對(duì)象，介紹東北師范大學(xué)現(xiàn)有的國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款管理機(jī)構(gòu)及其工作成果與現(xiàn)狀，總結(jié)東北師范大學(xué)國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款管理工作成效；第四部分總結(jié)出制約國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款政策發(fā)展的兩大可能“瓶頸”，即風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題與惜貸問(wèn)題；第五部分通過(guò)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與惜貸這兩大問(wèn)題的原因及危害分析，借助東北師大國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款政策實(shí)施經(jīng)驗(yàn)，從四大方面提出建設(shè)性意見(jiàn)，促進(jìn)我國(guó)國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款機(jī)制更完善的運(yùn)行與發(fā)展；第六部分綜觀全文，提煉觀點(diǎn)，升華主旨。國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款制度關(guān)系到社會(huì)的和諧與穩(wěn)定，通過(guò)社會(huì)各個(gè)主體的共同努力，探索并建立起一套符合中國(guó)國(guó)情的完善的有效的國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款制度，可以使更多貧困大學(xué)生受益，實(shí)現(xiàn)“科教興國(guó)”的偉大戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)。 本文難點(diǎn)在于對(duì)東北師范大學(xué)國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款政策實(shí)施情況調(diào)研問(wèn)卷的設(shè)計(jì)、發(fā)放、回收，問(wèn)卷所采集數(shù)據(jù)的客觀性、可靠性，以及如何通過(guò)對(duì)資料、數(shù)據(jù)的分析總結(jié)出該校在國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款發(fā)放、貸后管理等環(huán)節(jié)的特色與可借鑒之處，為國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款政策提出正確的實(shí)施建議。由于以往的研究往往都側(cè)重宏觀公共政策討論，沒(méi)有結(jié)合高校自身數(shù)據(jù)以財(cái)務(wù)為切入點(diǎn)進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控研究，因此這也是本研究的創(chuàng)新之處。
[Abstract]:The national student loan is a kind of outstanding characteristics Chinese loan model, is a kind of financial policy and profitability in one of the new personal finance projects, involving student loans, students' parents, college loans, bank managers, financial and other aspects of the game of national economic interests and social interests, is the financial. One of the important tasks of financial and financial management in the state financial bank.
The national student loan policy in the background of education reform in our country, in order to alleviate the scarcity of educational resources after the reform and guarantee the equal opportunity of education, the people's Bank, the Ministry of finance China, extended to the national Ministry of education in several universities in the range of 8 big city in the national student loan and the first pilot, in the policy of more than ten years China continues to adjust and improve the national student loan policy and system, the family economic difficulties students more and more into the university campus, the successful completion of their studies into the society, provide a strong guarantee for promoting social harmony and stability. But in the rapid development of the national student loan work, there are still some obstacles restricting the country the student loan policy development, crisis like a time bomb bank unwilling to bear the risk of default and the tendency to stop lending lurk, because of the loan management The high cost of the financial risk caused to fear loan credit crunch also highlights the problem, once the implementation of the national student loan has been hampered, will be directly related to the poor students in China can continue to complete their studies. So in order to protect our poor students to enjoy the education opportunities, in order to safeguard our country's student loan policy can stabilize the persistent implementation requires further improvement of the policy in the loan and payment of part of the process and rules.
The current research on national student loans of our country scholars in our country are more concentrated in the field of public policy, from a macro point of view the evaluation effect of policy, widely exists in the social phenomena are described and analyzed, finally puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. Based on the domestic and foreign outstanding research results, summarizes the research literature, explore the historical development of the national student the loan policy of our country, at the same time taking Northeast Normal University national student loan management work as an example, through to the poor students questionnaires and collected in the school in recent years the policy implementation of data analysis work, the school of national student loans in the loan for its complete effect, in the management of the reference method and the defects of the problems analysis on the good development experience is summarized, put forward the policy process to enhance the effect of policy implementation, to solve the "prevention of risks The countermeasure and the suggestion, and the loan extended to the whole of the child is father of the man, the national student loan policy, in order to promote the policy more effective and powerful. The implementation of the national student loan fair is of great significance for the poor students in our higher education opportunities, is also China's strategy of rejuvenating the country and respect the concept of talent deepening, so this study has improving the student loan theory and maintenance of theoretical and practical significance to the healthy development of student loans.
This thesis is divided into five parts: the first part introduces the meaning and content of research from the whole of the existing academic research are summarized; the second part elaborated the national student loan policy in China, make readers more detailed understanding of the system of national student loans in our country; the third part adopts the method of case study, the Northeast Normal University will list as the research object, introduces the existing Northeast Normal University national student loan management institutions and their work with the status quo, summarize the Northeast Normal University national student loan management work; the fourth part summarizes two possible "bottleneck" of the development of the national student loan policy, namely the risk and credit crunch problems; the fifth part of the two major issues of risk and the credit crunch the analysis of the causes and hazards, with experience on the implementation of Northeast Normal University and the national student loan policy, put forward from four aspects 寤鴻鎬ф剰瑙

本文編號(hào)：1451974