本文關(guān)鍵詞： 聯(lián)盟 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 美國大學(xué)聯(lián)合會 八校聯(lián)盟 羅素集團(tuán) 價值取向　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國高等教育進(jìn)入大眾化階段,高等教育規(guī)模不斷擴大,高等學(xué)校的層次和類型越來越多樣多元,為了避免大學(xué)發(fā)展的同質(zhì)化,促進(jìn)教育質(zhì)量的提高,對大學(xué)進(jìn)行分層分類評估越來越顯示出必要性。目前,我國對于如何進(jìn)行分類評估尚處于摸索階段。本研究選取國外三個高水平大學(xué)聯(lián)盟——美國大學(xué)聯(lián)合會(AAU)、澳洲八校聯(lián)盟(Go8)、英國羅素集團(tuán)(The Russell Group)為對象,研究其準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn),試圖從中抽繹出合理因素,為我國制立重點建設(shè)大學(xué)的評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供借鑒。 本研究綜合運用文獻(xiàn)分析法、個案和比較分析法,對三大聯(lián)盟各自的相關(guān)政策文本和實際數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,力圖發(fā)現(xiàn)其評估的準(zhǔn)則、指標(biāo)及其價值取向。研究表明,美國AAU在長期的實踐中逐步形成了定量與定性相結(jié)合、動態(tài)開放的評估準(zhǔn)則,以維護(hù)其一流大學(xué)共同體的品質(zhì)與聲譽,其最核心的評估指標(biāo)為獲取聯(lián)邦競爭性資金的能力、卓越師資水平、優(yōu)質(zhì)的本科生教育；Go8在澳大利亞努力擴大世界高等教育貿(mào)易市場份額的背景下,其評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不僅注重考察大學(xué)吸納國家科研資金的能力,而且注重其吸納社會資金的能力和資本歷史積累狀況,并特別注重學(xué)生的國際化程度；英國羅素集團(tuán)雖然沒有明文的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),但其所宣示的原則顯示其評估的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)強調(diào)大學(xué)的社會綜合功能,其要求成員的學(xué)科構(gòu)成具有廣域性和引領(lǐng)前沿研究的能力,注重大學(xué)的國際化水平、為社會輸送優(yōu)質(zhì)人才和將科研成果轉(zhuǎn)化為產(chǎn)品的能力。 通過橫向比較三大聯(lián)盟指標(biāo)體系的異同,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),三大聯(lián)盟都將知識創(chuàng)新和知識引領(lǐng)、匯聚一流師資、培養(yǎng)高水平人才作為高水平研究型大學(xué)的重要使命和基本特征；高水平研究型大學(xué)的國際化水平一般都比較高,并且將本科生教育視作大學(xué)的基礎(chǔ),與研究生教育并重。當(dāng)然,三大聯(lián)盟的評估又各有特色,AAU依據(jù)競爭性聯(lián)邦撥款與國家院士的情況來實行淘汰,羅素集團(tuán)把治理也納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 通過本研究,我們可以得到如下啟示：首先,對重點建設(shè)大學(xué)的評估應(yīng)當(dāng)體現(xiàn)類型特征,高水平研究型大學(xué)的學(xué)科應(yīng)有一定的寬度,覆蓋文理工醫(yī)等多個學(xué)科領(lǐng)域。其次,要明確重點建設(shè)大學(xué)評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的價值導(dǎo)向,引領(lǐng)我國重點建設(shè)大學(xué)走向世界一流；再次,重點建設(shè)大學(xué)的評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要與時俱進(jìn),符合實際發(fā)展的需要；最后,要努力提高重點建設(shè)大學(xué)評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的科學(xué)性、合理性。
[Abstract]:With the popularization of higher education in China, the scale of higher education continues to expand, and the levels and types of higher education are becoming more and more diverse. In order to avoid the homogeneity of university development and promote the improvement of educational quality. It is increasingly necessary to carry out hierarchical classification evaluation of universities. In our country, how to carry out classification evaluation is still in the exploratory stage. In this study, three foreign high-level university federations, the American University Federation (AAUU), and the Australian eight Schools Union (Go8) are selected. The Russell Group of the United Kingdom is the object of the study on its admission criteria and tries to deduce reasonable factors from them. It provides a reference for the evaluation standard of the key construction universities in China. This study synthetically uses the literature analysis method, the case and the comparative analysis method, carries on the analysis to the three big alliance respective policy texts and the actual data, tries to discover its appraisal criterion. The research shows that the United States AAU has gradually formed a quantitative and qualitative evaluation criteria to maintain the quality and reputation of its first-class university community. Its core evaluation indicators are the ability to obtain federal competitive funds, the level of excellent teachers, and the quality of undergraduate education; In the context of Australia's efforts to expand the market share of the world's higher education trade, Go8's evaluation criteria not only focus on the university's ability to absorb national scientific research funds. And pay attention to its ability to absorb social funds and historical accumulation of capital, and pay special attention to the degree of internationalization of students; Although there is no explicit standard, the principles declared by Russell Group show that its evaluation standard emphasizes the social comprehensive function of the university, and it requires that the subject composition of the members be broad and leading the leading edge research. Focus on the international level of universities, the ability to transfer high-quality talents to the society and transform scientific research results into products. Through the horizontal comparison of the three major alliances index system, we found that the three alliances will knowledge innovation and knowledge leading, the gathering of first-class teachers. Cultivating high-level talents as the important mission and basic characteristics of high level research universities; The internationalization level of the high-level research universities is generally high, and the undergraduate education is regarded as the foundation of the university, which is equal to the postgraduate education. Of course, the evaluation of the three major alliances has its own characteristics. AAU is phased out based on competitive federal funding and national academicians, and Russell Group has included governance as a standard. Through this study, we can get the following enlightenment: first, the evaluation of key construction universities should reflect the characteristics of types, and the disciplines of high-level research universities should have a certain breadth. Covering a number of disciplines, such as science, technology, medicine and other disciplines. Secondly, it is necessary to make clear the value orientation of the evaluation standard of the key construction universities and lead our country's key construction universities to the first class in the world; Thirdly, the evaluation criteria of the key construction universities should keep pace with the times and meet the needs of the actual development. Finally, we should make great efforts to improve the scientific nature and rationality of the evaluation standard of key universities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G649.1

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