基于政策與教育視角的城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-10 05:03
【摘要】： 自改革以來(lái),中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)保持良好的發(fā)展勢(shì)頭,城鄉(xiāng)居民收入隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展而不斷提高,然而,這種收入水平的提高并未讓人感到欣慰。在目前分化的城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)格局下,城鄉(xiāng)居民收入的增長(zhǎng)速度表現(xiàn)出極大差距,這種愈演愈烈的收入差距引起了廣泛關(guān)注,中央和地方各級(jí)政府采取了一系列旨在提高農(nóng)民收入的政策與措施,但效果并不顯著,收入差距之巨的問(wèn)題并未得到解決。因此,本文在有關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,從政策與教育視角,運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)理論,結(jié)合我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距的現(xiàn)狀,分析教育和政策對(duì)收入差距的影響。教育在較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)影響居民獲取收入的能力和水平,教育差距導(dǎo)致收入差距。而長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的城市偏向政策,不僅在短期內(nèi)迅速影響居民的收入水平,而且因?yàn)檎哂绊懙某掷m(xù)性和慣性,它又在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)影響居民水平。針對(duì)教育與政策對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入的這些影響,文章著力探討了轉(zhuǎn)變城市偏向政策、加大對(duì)農(nóng)村教育投入力度的對(duì)策,具有重大的理論意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文共七部分,第一部分為引言,介紹了該課題的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況、選題的意義及內(nèi)容安排等;第二部分是研究理論分析,包括一般的研究理論(工具),如基尼系數(shù)、城鄉(xiāng)收入比和恩格爾系數(shù),并簡(jiǎn)要介紹本文的理論基礎(chǔ):經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)理論。第三部分對(duì)中國(guó)現(xiàn)階段城鄉(xiāng)居民收入進(jìn)行描述性分析,從城鄉(xiāng)居民絕對(duì)收入差距、收入比、增長(zhǎng)速度以及恩格爾系數(shù)和消費(fèi)差距幾方面進(jìn)行比較分析,概括說(shuō)明了當(dāng)前城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距不斷擴(kuò)大的現(xiàn)狀;第四部分則是在第三部分的基礎(chǔ)上主要討論經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)政策與城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距之間的關(guān)系,并用相應(yīng)的模型作簡(jiǎn)單的回歸分析,重點(diǎn)是在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)與城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距關(guān)系基礎(chǔ)上討論政策對(duì)居民收入差距的影響,并對(duì)政策偏向與政策博弈作了分析;第五部分研究教育與城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距之間的關(guān)系,在第四部分的模型上加入平均受教育年限差距并予以經(jīng)驗(yàn)檢驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)受教育年限差距有擴(kuò)大城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距的影響。第六部分提出了抑制城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大的對(duì)策建議,包括增強(qiáng)農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品,促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化與農(nóng)民增收的支農(nóng)政策、加大對(duì)農(nóng)民的教育投入等方面,指出政府應(yīng)該對(duì)這一攬子政策予以整合、規(guī)劃,并建立暢通的農(nóng)民呼聲反饋渠道。最后,文章簡(jiǎn)要總結(jié),要有效抑制、縮小城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距,需要城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的平等發(fā)展,這種平等的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展要求政府政策對(duì)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的支持和不斷提高農(nóng)民自身素質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:Since the reform, China's economy has maintained a good momentum of development, and the income of urban and rural residents has been rising with the development of the economy. However, the improvement of this income level is not gratifying. Under the current divided economic pattern between urban and rural areas, the growth rate of income between urban and rural residents shows a great gap, and this growing income gap has aroused widespread concern. The central and local governments at all levels have adopted a series of policies and measures aimed at increasing the income of farmers, but the effect is not significant, and the problem of the huge income gap has not been solved. Therefore, on the basis of the relevant research, from the perspective of policy and education, using the theory of economic growth, combined with the current situation of the income gap between urban and rural residents in China, this paper analyzes the impact of education and policy on the income gap. Education affects the ability and level of residents to obtain income for a long time, and the educational gap leads to income gap. For a long time, the urban bias policy not only rapidly affects the income level of residents in the short term, but also affects the level of residents for a long time because of the persistence and inertia of the policy impact. In view of these effects of education and policy on the income of urban and rural residents, this paper focuses on the countermeasures to change the urban bias policy and increase the investment in rural education, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. This paper consists of seven parts, the first part is the introduction, which introduces the general situation of the research at home and abroad, the significance and content arrangement of the topic, and so on. The second part is the theoretical analysis, including the general research theory (tool), such as Gini coefficient, urban-rural income ratio and Engel coefficient, and briefly introduces the theoretical basis of this paper: economic growth theory. The third part makes a descriptive analysis of the income of urban and rural residents in China at the present stage, and makes a comparative analysis from the aspects of absolute income gap, income ratio, growth rate, Engel coefficient and consumption gap between urban and rural residents. This paper summarizes the current situation of the widening income gap between urban and rural residents. The fourth part mainly discusses the relationship between economic growth, economic policy and the income gap between urban and rural residents on the basis of the third part, and makes a simple regression analysis with the corresponding model. The emphasis is on the relationship between economic growth and the income gap between urban and rural residents, and the influence of policy on the income gap is discussed, and the policy bias and policy game are analyzed. The fifth part studies the relationship between education and the income gap between urban and rural residents. In the fourth part, the average number of years of education is added to the model and the empirical test is carried out. It is found that the gap between the number of years of education has the impact of widening the income gap between urban and rural residents. The sixth part puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to restrain the income gap between urban and rural residents, including strengthening rural public goods, promoting agricultural industrialization and increasing farmers' income, increasing investment in farmers' education, and so on. It is pointed out that the government should integrate and plan this package of policies, and establish a smooth feedback channel for farmers' voices. Finally, the article briefly summarizes that in order to effectively restrain and narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents, the equal development of urban and rural economy is needed. This equal economic development requires the support of government policies for rural economic development and the continuous improvement of farmers' own quality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：G521;F124.7
本文編號(hào)：2496193
[Abstract]:Since the reform, China's economy has maintained a good momentum of development, and the income of urban and rural residents has been rising with the development of the economy. However, the improvement of this income level is not gratifying. Under the current divided economic pattern between urban and rural areas, the growth rate of income between urban and rural residents shows a great gap, and this growing income gap has aroused widespread concern. The central and local governments at all levels have adopted a series of policies and measures aimed at increasing the income of farmers, but the effect is not significant, and the problem of the huge income gap has not been solved. Therefore, on the basis of the relevant research, from the perspective of policy and education, using the theory of economic growth, combined with the current situation of the income gap between urban and rural residents in China, this paper analyzes the impact of education and policy on the income gap. Education affects the ability and level of residents to obtain income for a long time, and the educational gap leads to income gap. For a long time, the urban bias policy not only rapidly affects the income level of residents in the short term, but also affects the level of residents for a long time because of the persistence and inertia of the policy impact. In view of these effects of education and policy on the income of urban and rural residents, this paper focuses on the countermeasures to change the urban bias policy and increase the investment in rural education, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. This paper consists of seven parts, the first part is the introduction, which introduces the general situation of the research at home and abroad, the significance and content arrangement of the topic, and so on. The second part is the theoretical analysis, including the general research theory (tool), such as Gini coefficient, urban-rural income ratio and Engel coefficient, and briefly introduces the theoretical basis of this paper: economic growth theory. The third part makes a descriptive analysis of the income of urban and rural residents in China at the present stage, and makes a comparative analysis from the aspects of absolute income gap, income ratio, growth rate, Engel coefficient and consumption gap between urban and rural residents. This paper summarizes the current situation of the widening income gap between urban and rural residents. The fourth part mainly discusses the relationship between economic growth, economic policy and the income gap between urban and rural residents on the basis of the third part, and makes a simple regression analysis with the corresponding model. The emphasis is on the relationship between economic growth and the income gap between urban and rural residents, and the influence of policy on the income gap is discussed, and the policy bias and policy game are analyzed. The fifth part studies the relationship between education and the income gap between urban and rural residents. In the fourth part, the average number of years of education is added to the model and the empirical test is carried out. It is found that the gap between the number of years of education has the impact of widening the income gap between urban and rural residents. The sixth part puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to restrain the income gap between urban and rural residents, including strengthening rural public goods, promoting agricultural industrialization and increasing farmers' income, increasing investment in farmers' education, and so on. It is pointed out that the government should integrate and plan this package of policies, and establish a smooth feedback channel for farmers' voices. Finally, the article briefly summarizes that in order to effectively restrain and narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents, the equal development of urban and rural economy is needed. This equal economic development requires the support of government policies for rural economic development and the continuous improvement of farmers' own quality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：G521;F124.7
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 李宗蓮;甘肅省城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)差異實(shí)證研究[D];甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年
2 鮑文鳳;基本公共服務(wù)均等化對(duì)縮小新疆城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響[D];新疆財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué);2012年
，本文編號(hào)：2496193
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